• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 1994

As a preliminary study about the reduction of the antigenicity of whey protein isolate(WPI) by treatment of chymotrypsin, trypsin, pancreatin, and protease from Aspergillus oryzae, the properties and antigenicities of whey protein hydrolysates(WPH) were investigated. When degrees of hydrolysis (DH) were measured by use of trinitrobenzensulfonic acid(TNBS), the DH of the WPH treated by pancreatin or protease from Aspergillus oryzae$(5.05{\sim}11.47)$ were much higher than those of the tryptic or chymotryptic WPH$(15.67{\sim}20.20)$. And the pretreatments of heat$(75^{\circ}C)$, 20 min and/or pepsin resulted in higher DH of WPH, generally. When the molecular distributions of the WPH were determined by high performance size exclusion chromatography(HPSEC), the ratios of polypeptides with molecular weight more than 10kDa ranged from 12% to 36%, and the average molecular weights and the average peptide lengths of the WPH were $4,252{\sim}9,132$ dalton and $38{\sim}83$ amino acids, respectively. And there was no bitter taste in all of the WPH. Results of SDS-PAGE showed that most of intact native proteins were eliminated by the enzymatic hydrolysis but there were a few bands of peptides larger than 14.2 kDa in some WPH. When antigenicity was assayed by competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(cELISA), monovalent antigenicity of WPH to rabbit anti-WPI antiserum were lowered to $10^{-1.7}-10^{-4.9}$ times and less by the enzymatic hydrolysis. And the pretreatments of heat and pepsin resulted in the lowest antigenicicy within a group of enzymatic hydrolysis, especially in case of the pancreatic hydrolysate(PDP) whose antigenicity was found almost to be removed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.299-307
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• 1992

An antigenic protein in cystic quid of Taenia solium metacestodes (CF) of 150 kDa was measured by antibody-sandwich ELISA in serum and cerebrospinal quid (CSF) of neurocysticercosis patients. Capture antibodies were rabbit antisera against CF (RACF) and a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against 150 kDa protein in CF. Lower limit of antibody-sandwich ELISA was 8 ng/ml of the protein. Except CF, no tested helminthes extracts reacted. Levels of the protein in 351 sera from 255 patients (55 surgery confirmed and 202 antibody and CT/MRl confirmed) were below sensitivity of the assay. Of 276 CSF from 212 patients, 31 samples (11.2%) showed positive findings. This assay, therefore, was not sensitive enough to be a diagnostic. Instead, the 150 kDa protein appeared in CSF in such situations as in 2 days after prasiquantel treatment, or as in a patient infected with a racemose cysticercus with degenerated cyst wall. Of cases whose follow-up CSF were assayed, 2 cases showed that the protein appeared intermittently, These results suggest strongly that appearance of free 150 kDa protein is associated with cyst wall rupture. In CSF which contained the 150 kDa protein over 61 ng/ml, the protein was recognized in 505-PAGE before and after immunoprecipitation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.152-155
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• 2014

An 11-year-old castrated Schnauzer presented with paraplegia for the last two weeks, initially developed pelvic limb ataxia 6 months ago and left pelvic limb paresis 3 months ago. On neurological examination, paraplegia and postural reaction deficits were noted in the pelvic limbs with no deep pain sensation, and the dog showed exaggerated spinal reflexes and involuntary urination. Magnetic resonance (MR) images of thoracolumbar spinal cord were obtained with a 0.3 Tesla magnet. A mass with a broad base to the dorsal and left dural margins was identified at the level of L2, causing marked spinal cord compression. The mass showed isointensity to the spinal cord on T1-weighted (T1W) precontrast images, hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, marked homogeneous contrast enhancement with well-defined margins and the "dural tail" sign on T1W postcontrast images. An intradural-extramedullay tumor was considered, most likely, meningioma was highly suggestive. Left-sided hemilaminectomy and dorsal laminectomy were performed. An intradural mass partially adherent to dura mater was compressing the spinal cord, and the mass was completely removed with the attached dura mater. A histopathologic diagnosis of angiomatous subtype meningioma was made.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.295-302
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• 1997

The study conducted to know the effect of growth and yield by different weed control duration using by 'chalok 1 ho', waxy maize, at Suweon in 1995. The emergence of weed and growth and yield of waxy maize on weedy check and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 days weed control and whole season weed control during cultivation summrized as follows; 1. Chenopodium album, Echinochoa crus-galli, Persicaria hydropiper and Panicum bisulcatum emerged as major weeds and dominant weed was Chenopodium album. 2. The number of emerged weeds grouped by mophologically ordered broad leaf weeds, grass weeds and sedge weeds. 3. 30 days weed control duration from the sowing effect to silking stage and 40 days weed control duration from the sowing decreased stem length, ear length, ear weight, number of plant, and number of ear. 4. The yield of weedy check, and 10 days weed control from the sowing showed no yield and 20, 30 and 40 days weed control from the sowing decreased to 76, 64 and 33 %, individually. 5. The yield loss of waxy maize on weeds can be prevent by 40 days weed control duration from the sowing.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.735-741
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• 2004

Blood cardioplegia is known as an established cardioplegic solution during open heart surgery. Recently, the Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) solution has been introduced as a cardioplegia in Korea. This study was designed to compare the myocardial protective effect between the cold blood cardioplegia (CBC) and HTK solution. Material and Method: Forty patients who underwent valve surgery or coronary artery bypass surgery were randomly divided into CBC group (n=20) and HTK group (n=20). The perioperative hemodynamic and clinical data were analyzed. The concentration of CK-MB, Troponin 1 and Lactate from coronary sinus and radial arterial blood were compared for the evaluation of the myocardial damage. The postoperative serial CK-MB levels were measured. Result: The characteristics of preoperative patients were similar in two groups. The hemodynamic parameters and postoperative clinical data were also similar between the two groups. There were no statistical significances between the CBC and HTK group in the difference of biochemical markers: Δ CK-MB (15.3$\pm$26.0 vs 19.3$\pm$14.3), ΔTro-1 (2.4$\pm$4.9 vs 2.0$\pm$2.20), ΔLac (1.6$\pm$1.0 vs 1.9$\pm$2.5). The serial CK-MB levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: These results suggested that the myocardial protective effect of HTK solution was similar to cold blood cardioplegia during open heart surgery.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 1998

Purpose: Though many antiviral or immunomodulatory agents have been used in patients with chronic HBV hepatitis, interferon is considered to be the only effective therapeutic agent so far. Among immunomodulatory agents, thymodulin, the oral form of thymosin, is currently in clinical trial. We compared the efficacy of alfa-interferon therapy alone with a combined therapy of alfa-interferon and thymodulin in children with chronic active hepatitis B. Method: Twenty three children aged 4.4~13.7 years who were known to be positive for HBsAg and HBeAg in serum for at least 6 months and who had biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis were given either combined therapy of alfa-interferon and thymodulin or alfa-interferon alone, and all children were HBV DNA positive in their serum at the beginning. Follow-ups have been done for at least 1 year after a 6 month course of therapy and clearance of viral replication markers has been evaluated. Results: 1) During follow up period, 11 (48%) children were seroconverted to anti-HBe and were cleared of HBV DNA from their serum. However, 2 of them relapsed after discontinuance of interferon therapy. 2) Seroconversion occurred more frequently among those who had not been vertically transmitted, had elevated serum ALT levels and low HBV DNA levels before interferon therapy. 3) There was no significant advantage of the combined therapy with thymodulin compared to interferon therapy alone. Conclusion: Combined therapy of alfa-interferon and thymodulin failed to demonstrate synergistic effect. We think that combination therapies of alfa-interferon with other antiviral or immunomodulatory agents need to be studied in order to achieve better therapeutic responses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.274-282
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• 2002

Background: Paravalvular leakage or false aneurysm developed after isolated aortic valve replacement(AVR) for aortic regurgitation(AR) associated with Behcet's disease is one of the most serious complications, and requires subsequent reoperations. We describe the surgical result of homograft aortic root replacement(ARR) for AR associated with Behcet's disease. Material and Method: From January 1992 to December 2001, 6 patients with AR associated with Behcet's disease underwent 7 ARR with homograft and 1 Ross operation. Five patients were male and one was female. The grafts used for ARR were 5 aortic and 2 pulmonic homografts. Ages at operation ranged from 27 to 51 years(mean, 37$\pm$9 years). Two patients underwent ARR with aortic homograft at the first operation. In the remaining 4 patients, ARR using a homograft was performed for paravalvular leakage that developed after AVR, and the mean interval from AVR to ARR was 21 $\pm$29 months(range, 5 to 73.3 moths, median, 7.6 months). Result: There was no early death. All patients were followed up for an average of 18.9$\pm$24.0 months(range, 1.9 to 68.9 months, median, 8.4 months). Two of 4patients who had undergone ARR after AVR required subsequent reoperations for false aneurysm of the ascending aorta and failure of pulmonary homograft. One patient underwent re-replacement of the aortic root, ascending aorta and partial aortic arch with an aortic homograft, the other underwent Ross operation. Conclusion: This study suggests that aortic root replacement using a homograft in aortic regurgitation with Behcet's disease may provide good clinical results and decrease the incidence of paravalvular leakage or false aneurysm after aortic valve replacement. However, the adequate perioperative management and complete removal of the inflarrunatory tissue at operation were also important for the good long-term results.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.587-595
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• 1998

Background: Recombinant adenovirus hold promise as vectors to carry therapeutic genes for several reasons: 1) they can infect both dividing and non-dividing cells; 2) they have the ability to directly transduce tissues in vivo; 3) they can easily be produced in high titer; and 4) they have an established record of safety as vaccination material. However, one of the major limitation in the use of adenoviruses is that transgene expression is quite short because adenovirusees insert their DNA genome episomally rather than by chromosomal integration, and an immune response against the virus destroys cells expressing the therapeutic gene. Since sodium butyrate has been reported to induce adenovirus-mediated gene expression, we hypothesized that treatment of tumor cells, transduced with herpes simples virus thymidine kinase(HSVtk) gene using adenoviral vector, with butyrate could augment the effect of gene therapy. Methods: We transduced HSVtk gene, driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter, into REN cell line(human mesothelioma cell line). Before proceeding with the comparison of HSVtk/ganciclovir mediated bystander killing, we evaluated the effect of butyrate on the growth of tumor cells in order to rule out a potential antitumor effect of butyrate alone, and also on expression of HSVtk gene by Western blot analysis. Then we determined the effects of butyrate on bystander-mediated cell killing in vitro. Results: There was no inhibition of growth of cells exposed to butyrate for 24 hours at a concentration of 1.5mM/L. Toxic effects were seen when the concentration of butyrate was greater than 2.0mM/L. Gene expression was more stable and bystander effect was augmented by butyrate treatment of a concentration of 1.5mM/L. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that butyrate can augment the efficiency of cell killing with HSVtk/GCV system by inducing transgene expression and may thus by a promising new approach to improve responses in gene therapy using adenoviral vectors.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.48-55
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• 2009

Purpose: As Korean nuclear law doesn't have any clear guideline about the dose and the external dose rate(uSv/h) requiring hospitalization in radioactive iodine treated patients, the patients are discharged when they meet the guideline of IAEA Basic Safety Standards(BSS). We measured external dose rate(${\mu}Sv/h$) of inpatient underwent 3700MBq (100 mCi) $^{131}I$ radioiodine treatment and considering external dose rate(${\mu}Sv/h$), residual activity(mCi) and excretion rate(%) we found the time for RA to be lowered from 3700MBq (100 mCi) to 1110 MBq (30 mCi) to give reference to set a guideline for discharge. Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients underwent thyroidectomy and scheduled for radioiodine treatment, who received 3700MBq (100 mCi) of $^{131}I$ orally and had no renal disease were examined. After 1, 2, 4, 8, and 20, 24, 40 hours iodine uptake and before/after the urination, the external dose rate(${\mu}Sv/h$) measured using FH40G-L(Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., MA) at a distance and a height of 1 m for 20 sec on the average. Results and Conclusions: At 20 hours, the external dose rate was decreased to $49{\pm}13\;{\mu}Sv$/h, namely, 78% of administrated radioactivity was excreted and 814 MBq (30 mCi) was residual, and it met the accepted limit for discharge of (IAEA, BSS) under 1110 MBq (30 mCi) (1 m at 66 uSv/h).

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2003

Purpose: To report two cases of bone tumors other than osteoid osteoma in the proximal femur and treated with percutaneous high frequency radioablation method. Cases: We reviewed two cases with intracortical chondroma and enchondroma in the femoral head retrospectively. The patient with intracortical chondroma was a thirty one year old woman and had suffered right hip pain of 1 year duration. The lesion was located in the head of right femur and treated with CT guided percutaneous high frequency radioablation after needle biopsy under general anesthesia. The symptom was gone immediately after the procedure and was discharged postop. 1 day. 15 months has passed without symptom recurrence. Second case having enchondroma, was 56 year old woman complaining of gluteal area pain for 3 months. Radiologic evaluation showed osteolytic lesion with sclerotic rim on the inferior portion of the left femoral head. She received a same therapy with CT guided radiofrequency ablation following needle biopsy. She reported dramatic pain relief after the procedure and was discharged postop. 1 day. No symptom has occurred for 3 months until now. Conclusion: We present 2 cases of bone tumor occurred in the hip joint area other than osteoid osteoma which were treated with CT guided radiofrequency ablation.