• Mycobiology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2000

Twenty species representing five genera of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were isolated from twenty-four soil samples of the rhizosphere of the family Gramineae in Paekryung and Daecheong islands. A few species such as Glomus invermaius, G. marcrocapus var. marcrocarpus and Scutellospora coralloidea were recorded for the first time in Korea. The number of spores per 10g of soil was in the range of $8{\sim}337$ in Paekryung and $16{\sim}349$ in Daecheong island, respectively. The number of species per 10g of soil was $2{\sim}8$ species in Paekryung and $2{\sim}7$ species in Daecheong, respectively. Among them, G. macrocarpus var. macrocarpus was the most abundant species in both islands. The species diversity and evenness were almost similar in Paekryung and Daecheong Islands. Based on the host plants in two islands, the species diversity showed the highest value of 1.63 in Ischaemum crassipes, whereas the eveuness of species showed the lowest value of 0.35 in Eragrostis ferraginea.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 1993

우리나라 9개 지역의 81개 토양을 채취하였다. 채취된 각각의 토양은 Arbuscular균근 균의 증식을 위한 포트배양의 접종원으로 사용되었고 5속 22종의 AM균이 배양되었다. 이들 중에서 2속 5종은 한국미기록종으로 기재되었다 ; A. morrowiae, A. rugosa, A. longula, Gl. fecundinatum, Gl. formosarum. 또한 Glomu속의 3종은 동정되지 못하였으며, 잘 못 기재된 Glomus clarum을 재기재하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2004

Fifteen Rhizobium spp. from nodules of 6 common pulses collected from 6 districts of Assam were studied for their infectivity, intrinsic antibiotic resistance, nitrogenase activity and effect of dual inoculation with two native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi viz. Glomus mosseae(GM) and Gigaspora gilmarie(GG). Out of the 15 isolates 9 were found nodulation positive and 6 of them(AR1, BR8, BR12, AR10, UR10 & GR21) were subjected to intrinsic antibiotic sensitivity test of which AR1 showed resistance against all the 9 test antibiotics. Isolates AR1 and GR21 showed the highest(4.25 mole, $gm^{-1}hour^{-1}$) and the lowest(1.05 mole, $gm^{-1}hour^{-1}$) nitrogenase activity respectively. In Most Probable Number count, the maximum Rhizobium population $5.8{\times}10^5$, was found in both Blackgram and Greengram variety of pulses. The maximum dry weight of nodules(3.14 g), dry weight of shoot(10.08 g), nitrogen content(7.68 mg, $plant^{-1}$), chlorophyll content(1.89 mg, $g^{-1}$), phosphorus content of shoot(6.17 mg, $g^{-1}$) and yield(535.67 kg, $Ha^{-1}$) were found when AR1 dually inoculated with GM in Blackgram.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.408-416
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• 2010

To evaluate the effectiveness of AMF on the growth of horticultural crops, we compared mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants, perilla (P. frutescens Britt.), that were inoculated with AMF propagules. In the early stages of growth of perilla, compared to the AMF- perilla seedlings, in AMF+ perilla seedlings at 3 weeks after sowing, leaf length and width increased 17% and 29%, leaf area increased 28%, and shoot fresh weight increased 33%, root total length increased 1%, and chlorophyll content increased 3%. Further at 10 weeks after sowing, compared to the AMF- perilla plants, in perilla plants inoculated with AMF at the sowing and transplanting stages, leaf area increased 21% and 19%, shoot length increased 19% and 17%, root fresh weight increased 17% and 20%, and chlorophyll content increased 5.1% and 4.8%, respectively. Moreover, at 14 weeks after sowing, compared to the AMFperilla plants, in perilla plants inoculated with AMF at the sowing and transplanting stages, the number of leaves increased 16% and 20%, root fresh weight increased 16% and 17% significantly. Further, leaf fresh weight increased 9% and 11%, shoot diameter increased 4.5% and 7.3%, and chlorophyll content increased 1.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The levels of many macronutrients and micronutrients were tended to be significantly higher in AMF+ plants than in AMF- plants, supporting the association between AMF and enhanced growth of plants grown from AMF+ seedlings.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2021

Cinnamomum migao plants often face different degrees of drought in karst habitats, which can lead to plants' death, especially in the seedling stage. Widespread of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in karst soils have the potential to address this drought, which is a threat to C. migao seedlings. We inoculated C. migao seedlings with spores from Glomus lamellosum and Glomus etunicatum, two AM fungi widely distributed in karst soils, to observe seedling growth response after simulated drought. Our results showed that 40 g of G. lamellosum and G. etunicatum significantly promoted the growth of C. migao seedlings, 120 days after inoculation. Following a 15-day drought treatment, root colonization of the seedlings with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum had lower the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the accumulation of enzymes and osmotic substances in the seedlings. The relative water content in different organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of the drought-stressed seedlings was higher in plants with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum than in plants without AM fungi colonization. Our results showed that inoculation with AM fungi was an effective means to improve the drought resistance of C. migao seedlings.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.343-355
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• 2011

월동 녹비작물 재배가 시설 토양과 무경운 유기재배 고추의 균근균 포자밀도 및 감염에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 시험을 수행한 결과 월동 녹비작물 재배 토양의 기주작물별 균근균 활성 포자수는 대조구 보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 그리고 기주 작물별 균근균 활성 포자의 밀도는 보리와 완두콩이 호밀, 헤어리베치, 쇠별꽃 보다 높은 경향이었다. 녹비작물 재배 토양에 고추를 무경운 정식하여 재배한 토양의 AMF 포자 밀도는 대조구와 녹비작물 종류 간에 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 그리고 녹비작물 재배 토양의 AMF 밀도보다 후 작물로 고추를 재배한 토양의 AMF밀도는 감소되었으나, AMF 밀도의 균일도는 증가되었다. 한편 보리 녹비작물을 예취하여 제거한 토양의 AMF포자 밀도는 제거하지 않은 토양에 비하여 현저한 증가를 보였다. 녹비작물 재배 토양 균근균의 기주작물별 포자 형태와 크기는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 녹비작물 재배 후작물로 고추를 재배한 토양에서 분리된 AMF포자 형태와 크기도 동일하였다. 녹비 작물별로 뿌리의 내생 균근균 감염율이 쇠별꽃, 호밀과 헤어리베치는 낮은 경향이었으나, 보리 녹비의 감염율은 유의성 있게 높았다. 고추 뿌리 내의 AMF 감염율은 녹비작물의 종류에 크게 영향을 받지 않았으나, 보리 녹비를 예취하여 제거한 처리의 감염율은 보리 녹비작물을 전량 토양에 투입한 처리 보다 높았다. 녹비작물 뿌리와 고추 뿌리의 내생 균근균의 주요 감염구조는 뿌리의 내부균사(Internal hyphae)로 균사간의 Network가 매우 발달되었다. 그리고 녹비작물과 고추 뿌리에서 Arbuscule이 형성되었으며, 근권 토양의 AMF포자밀도와 고추 뿌리 감염율의 상관관계도 파악할 수 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.582-592
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• 2012

Microorganisms present in the rhizosphere soil plays a vital role in improving the plant growth and soil fertility. Many kinds of fertilizers including chemical and organic has been approached to improve the productivity. Though some of them showed significant improvement in yield, they failed to maintain the soil properties. Rather they negatively affected soil eventually, the land became unsuitable for agricultural. To overcome these problems, microorganisms have been used as effective alternative. For past few decades, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been used as effective inoculants to enhance the plant growth and productivity. PGPR improves the plant growth and helps the plant to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses. AM fungi are known to colonize roots of plants and they increase the plant nutrient uptake. Spore associated bacteria (SAB) are attached to spore wall or hyphae and known to increase the AMF germination and root colonization but their mechanism of interaction is poorly known. Better understanding the interactions among AMF, SAB and PGPR are necessary to enhance the quality of inoculants as a biofertilizers. In this paper, current knowledge about the interactions between fungi and bacteria are reviewed and discussed about AMF spore associated bacteria.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2014

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF) is widespread symbiont forming mutualistic relationship with plant root in terrestrial forest in ecosystem. They provide improved absorption of nutrient and water, and enhance the resistance against plant pathogen or polluted soil, therefore AM fungi are important for survival and maintaining of individual or community of plant. For last decade, many studies about the functional variation of AM fungi on host plant growth response were showed that different geographic isolates, even same species, have different effect on host plant. However, little was known about functional variation of AM fungal isolates originated single population, which provide important insight about intraspecific diversity of AMF and their role in forest ecosystem. In this study, four AM fungal isolates of Rhizophagus clarus were cultured in vitro using transformed carrot (Daucus carota) root and they showed the difference between isolates in ontogenic characteristics such as spore density and hyphal length. The plant growth response by mycorrhizas were measured also. After 20 weeks from inoculation of these isolates to host plants, dry weight, Root:Shoot ratio, colonization rates and N, P concentration of host plant showed host plant was affected differently by AM fungal isolates. This results suggest that AM fungi have high diversity in their functionality in intraspecific level, even in same population.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.848-855
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• 2020

Land subsidence induced by underground coal mining leads to severe ecological and environmental problems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to improve plant growth and soil properties. We aimed to assess the effects of AMF on the growth and soil properties of sea buckthorn under field conditions at different reclamation times. Inoculation with AMF significantly promoted the survival rate of sea buckthorn over a 50-month period, while also increasing plant height after 14, 26, and 50 months. Crown width after 14 months and ground diameter after 50 months of inoculation treatment were significantly higher than in the uninoculated treatment. AMF inoculation significantly improved plant mycorrhizal colonization rate and promoted an increase in mycelial density in the rhizosphere soil. The pH and electrical conductivity of rhizosphere soil also increased after inoculation. Moreover, after 26 and 50 months the soil organic matter in the inoculation treatment was significantly higher than in the control. The number of inoculated soil rhizosphere microorganisms, as well as acid phosphatase activity, also increased. AMF inoculation may play an active role in promoting plant growth and improving soil quality in the long term and is conducive to the rapid ecological restoration of damaged mining areas.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제79권3호
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• pp.309-315
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• 1990

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 배양토(培養土), 모래밭버섯버섯균(菌) 접종(接種) 및 질소시비(窒素施肥)가 1년생(年生) 해송분묘(海松盆苗)의 생장(生長)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 실시(實施)하였다. 1. Vermiculite 구(區)에서는 사질양토구(砂質養土區)에서 보다 세근(細根) 및 균근수(菌根數)의 증가(增加)를 볼 수 있었고 묘고(苗高) 및 총건중(總乾重)이 증가(增加) 하였다. 2. 모래밭버섯균(菌) 접종구(接種區)가 무접종구(無接種區)보다 2년생(年生) 해송묘(海松苗)에 있어서 제일차(第一次) 측근수(側根數), 세근수(細根數) 및 총건중(總乾重)이 증가(增加)가 현저(顯著)하였다. 3. 2년생(年生) 해송분묘(海松盆苗) 생장(生長)은 전년도(前年度) 균근균(菌根菌) 접종(接種) 및 시비수준(施肥水準)에 크게 영향(影響)을 받았다.