• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권12호
• /
• pp.764-773
• /
• 2011

현대의 경찰 활동은 경찰공무원 개인에 의한 독자적인 수행보다는 조직구성원의 상호 작용을 통해서 이루어지고 있다. 국민의 생명과 신체 및 재산을 보호하고 사회 질서를 유지하기 위한 경찰 조직의 목표 달성에 있어서 적합한 경찰공무원의 선발 및 입직 후 경찰공무원의 자질 향상과 역량 강화는 중요한 요소이다. 하지만 경찰 조직은 팀별 활동에 기반을 두고 있는 특성을 갖고 있기에 조직 특성에 적합하게 활동하고 사회질서 유지를 위해서는 무엇보다 경찰공무원들의 상호 협력이 더욱 중시되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 초동적인 경찰 업무 활동을 하고 있는 외근 경찰공무원으로 국한하여 이들의 사회질서 유지를 위한 조직효과성에 대한 인식 차이를 살펴보았다. 실증 분석 결과, 외근 경찰공무원의 인구사회학적 특성에 대한 개인별 변수 중에서 성별, 연령, 근무지역, 경찰서 급지, 계급, 근무기간에 따라 조직효과성 인식은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 그러나 경찰공무원의 학력과 결혼여부에 따른 조직효과성의 인식은 차이가 없는 것으로 파악되었다. 이를 통해 경찰공무원의 조직효과성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 방안이 시급히 마련되어야 할 것이고 획일적인 운영과 관리에서 탈피하여 성별, 연령별, 지역별, 경찰서 급지별, 계급별, 근무기간에 따라 세분화하여 차별화된 교육 훈련이 필요하다고 본다. 내부 구성원의 조직효과성을 향상시키고 나아가 외부 고객인 국민의 만족을 유발하여 궁극적으로 사회질서 유지에 이바지할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.12-26
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this research is to develop a water environmental education (EE) program using streams, based on the core ideas of ENVISION and materializing elements that were extracted in this research. This research realized the elements and presented a model of the water EE program using a local stream. First, this research developed a basic model of a water EE program using streams by extracting 10 materializing elements and realizing the elements in 4 stage-procedural model. The 10 materializing elements were 1. experiencing the process of inquiry, 2. inquiring local environments, 3. self-directing learning and mutual interaction with colleagues, 4. collecting real data and interpreting, 5. utilizing the ICT(information and communication technology), 6. inquiring with the view point of the 'Environmental Studies for EE', 7. inquiring with the watershed concept, 8. inquiring with the integrating and the holistic view point, 9. pursuing the macroscopic understanding about environment, and 10. connecting the real world phenomena with the environmental concepts and theories. This research materialized these 10 elements in 4 stage model, following the previous ENVISION research, which are 1. preparing stage and visual assessment, 2. writing the report of the inquiry plan, 3. collecting the real data in the environment and performing the investigation, and 4. presenting the inquiry results. Second, with using this basic model, this research developed and presented a model of the specific water EE program using a case stream called 'Baig Cheon' stream, which is a local stream. This research is considered to have a considerable meaning in developing a EE program with ENVISION ideas for the watershed concept and inquiry with environmental science using local streams. The developed model can help the professional development of teachers and teacher education of water EE.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.27-48
• /
• 2003

This paper aims to identify the meaning of architectural form of the East and the West. Ordinarily, we know the visual differences of architectural form between the two cultural families, and the technical reasons of such differences. However, the East and the West have their own views of architectural form that are derived from their own views of architecture, and again the views of architecture are rooted in their own views of the world. The paper maintains a comparative stance between the two cultures in analyzing the different concepts of architectural form, and employ the ideas of 'Form(形象)' and 'Energy-Form(氣形)' as a kind of representative concept of the two views of architectural form. It is discussed that the idea of Form pursued the realization of ultimate substance which is less materialistic but more ideal., while, the idea of Energy-Form pursued the realization of oneness and health through mutual interaction between man, architecture and nature. Architectural form in the West has been the purposeful expression of human ideal, while in the East, it was an expediential device for better energy condition. It seems important to understand such differences of the meaning of architectural form between the East and the West, since, in present time, we tend to think that the Western conception of architectural form is the only possible one. But it is not generally known that the Western conception of form has very particular background reason of its own which is unique to Western culture, and on the other hand, the nature of East Asian conception of architectural form is generally unknown.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.151-171
• /
• 2010

Multi-culturalization in our society may be the cause of many problems, but if appropriately dealt with, diversity brought on by multi-culturalization could resolve chronic abuses in education and create a new culture, thereby contributing greatly to national development. The purpose of this study was to examine the current research on multi-cultural education and to provide a normative orientation to multi-cultural education. The literature research was conducted between March 2008 and September 2009. The followings are the findings of this study. First, the results reveal that the appropriate target of a multi-cultural society should not be assimilation, but rather, multi-culturalism. Multi-culturalism has greater adaptability, and the key lies in its respect for human rights, its strengthening of multi-cultural capacity, and its consideration for the minority by moving toward corporate multi-culturalism that aims for equality in results. Second, the first form of multi-cultural education emphasizes neutrality and argues that it is the best way to respect different cultures. This form of multi-cultural education emphasizes neutrality toward "sameness." In this context, sameness means equality of the rights of human beings. The other form of multi-cultural education emphasizes diversity and argues that it is the best way to respect different cultures. It focuses on the recognition of particularity. But it reveals its shortcomings when it excludes interaction not only between an individual and the culture, but also between the insider and outsider of the culture and its social institutions. Thus, multi-cultural education for mutual understanding is suggested. Third, it has been found that pure homogeneous nationalism must be destroyed, but nationalism needs to transform itself rather than be abolished in a globalized and multi-cultural society. Moreover, on behalf of pursuing open nationalism, the self-transformation of nationalism is advisable, in order to for it to overcome its antagonistic and exclusive nature.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.297-310
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitude of job transfer and job satisfaction in operating rooms, and to use this data towards efficient human resource management. Method: One hundred and seven nurses in operating rooms in a general hospital in Seoul, Korea were surveyed using a questionnaire. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS/PC program. Results: The attitude toward the job transfer was generally favorable with a mean of 3.32 out of a 5 point scale in rating the need for job transfer. Among the five domains of attitudes toward job transfer, individual development scored the highest(mean, 3.75). The mean score of job satisfaction in the study participants was rated in a 5 point scale with a mean of 3.12. Among the seven domains of job satisfaction, networking(3.37) scored the highest, followed by the perspective of professional position(3.32). Therefore, it can be said that mutual interaction and professional position are the most important factors for job satisfaction. The correlation between the attitude toward job transfer and job satisfaction showed a positive relationship with a coefficient of 0.210, implying that job satisfaction was higher when the attitude toward transfer was more favorable. Conclusion: From the attitude toward job transfer, individual development and professional improvement was favorable, implying the need for such program. Therefore, it is recommended that an official policy should be provided to achieve these goals in perioperative nursing.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2013

Problems of housing, healthcare, social exchanges, and lonely feelings of vulnerable social groups such as the elderly living alone in rural and fishing villages should be resolved by guaranteeing minimum residential rights and levels to restore the sense of self-esteem and social stability and to maintain the rural communities and these should be the object of social interest and support. The housing problems of rural and fishing villages should be resolved not through supply to meet demand but by beginning with providing the ways to attain mutual interaction through the program that recognizes housing as merit goods to maintain the regional communities This research examines more minutely the problems caused by poor housing conditions of rural and fishing villages and attempts to present rural and fishing village type community living home as an alternative through regeneration. The results of this research are as follows. First, the administrative support system should be built to support the community living home in its beginning, process, completion, and even post management. Second, education for reinforcing capabilities to help understand the community living home should continually conducted on the occupants, villagers, and related organizations. Third, in order to expand the community living home, research and development should be made so that the zero-energy house, the alternative energy utilizing house, etc. can be widely used. In building community living home for vulnerable social groups in rural and fishing villages, practical alternatives suitable to the regional realities should be presented and practiced so that the community living home can be built to the satisfaction of all the villagers and the occupants, and the improvement measures should be presented through constant interest and monitoring.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.109-125
• /
• 2016

Flow interference is investigated between two tripped cylinders of identical diameter D at stagger angle ${\alpha}=0^{\circ}{\sim}180^{\circ}$ and gap spacing ratio $P^*$ (= P/D) = 0.1 ~ 5, where ${\alpha}$ is the angle between the freestream velocity and the line connecting the cylinder centers, and P is the gap width between the cylinders. Two tripwires, each of diameter 0.1D, were attached on each cylinder at azimuthal angle ${\beta}={\pm}30^{\circ}$, respectively. Time-mean drag coefficient ($C_D$) and fluctuating drag ($C_{Df}$) and lift ($C_{Lf}$) coefficients on the two tripped cylinders were measured and compared with those on plain cylinders. We also conducted surface pressure measurements to assimilate the fluid dynamics around the cylinders. $C_D$, $C_{Df}$ and $C_{Lf}$ all for the plain cylinders are strong function of ${\alpha}$ and $P^*$ due to strong mutual interference between the cylinders, connected to six interactions (Alam and Meyer 2011), namely boundary layer and cylinder, shear-layer/wake and cylinder, shear layer and shear layer, vortex and cylinder, vortex and shear layer, and vortex and vortex interactions. $C_D$, $C_{Df}$ and $C_{Lf}$ are very large for vortex and cylinder, vortex and shear layer, and vortex and vortex interactions, i.e., the interactions where vortex is involved. On the other hand, the interference as well as the strong interactions involving vortices is suppressed for the tripped cylinders, resulting in insignificant variations in $C_D$, $C_{Df}$ and $C_{Lf}$ with ${\alpha}$ and $P^*$. In most of the (${\alpha}$, $P^*$ ) region, the suppressions in $C_D$, $C_{Df}$ and $C_{Lf}$ are about 58%, 65% and 85%, respectively, with maximum suppressions 60%, 80% and 90%.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 2005

The fatigue life of welded joints is associated with crack initiation and propagation life. Theses cannot be easily separated, since the definition of crack initiation is vague due to the initiation of multiple cracks that are distributed randomly along the weld toes. In this paper a method involving a notch strain and fracture mechanical approach, which considers the characteristics of welded joints, e.g. welding residual stress and statistical characteristics of multiple cracks, is proposed, in an attempt to reasonably estimate these fatigue lives. The fatigue crack initiation life was evaluated statistically, e.g. the probability of failure occurrence in 2.3, 50 and $97.7\%$, in which the cyclic response of the local stress/strain hi the vicinity of the weld toes and notch factors derived by the irregular shape of the weld bead are taken into account. The fatigue crack propagation life was simulated by using Monte-Carlo method in consideration of the Ad-factor and the mechanical behavior of mutual interaction/coalescence between two adjacent cracks. The estimated total fatigue life, $(N_T)_{P50\%}$, as a sum of crack initiation and propagation life under the probability of failure occurrence in $50\%$ showed a good agreement with the experimental results. The developed technique for fatigue lift estimation enables to provide a quantitative proportion of crack initiation and propagation life in the total fatigue life due to the nominal stress range, ${\Delta}S$.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.308-322
• /
• 2004

Purpose: 'The purpose of the present study was to understand students' experiences from their standpoint, to identify relevant variables and to examine into their relations by analyzing and describing what phenomenon 'nursing students' visiting ambulatory bathing service' is, what are the reasons for the phenomenon, and what interactions are in the phenomenon. Method: The subjects were thirteen students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by Strauss and Corbin's analysis method. Result: With regard to ambulatory bathing service, participants responded 'lack of education', 'inexperienced personal relations' and 'disappointment with recipients families'. They recognized 'burden' and 'compassion'. The intensity of generated 'burden' and 'compassion' was determined by volunteering persons, the degree of health care service, recipients' response and interaction of climate. When 'burden' and 'compassion' were generated, participants selected their own coping strategies. Strategies in the situation of 'burden' and 'compassion' were significantly influenced by 'burden' and 'compassion' and structural situation - 'mutual relation structure,' 'volunteers' capability,' 'the degree of volunteering guidance,' 'community participation,' 'recipients' environment,' 'information sharing,' 'special vehicle equipment' and 'economical burden.' Strategies include' service training,' 'receiving volunteering training,' 'preliminary service preparation,' 'volunteering.' 'connection to local medical center,' 'intention,' 'information sharing,' 'passive response to recipients' appreciation' and 'the understanding of publicity'. The results of selected 'burden' and 'compassion' are described with 'worthiness' and 'cohesion' as follows. Conclusion: This study is significantly meaningful in that it examined bathing service welfare in its initial stage. There are not much outcome from previous studies. However. it is meaningful that this study intended to develop theories on the nature of experiences and the relations among concepts derived from the visiting ambulatory bathing service process of nursing students. Professors who taught social volunteering in universities understood the experience of nursing students who did the visiting ambulatory bathing service. Consequently, professors will provide an effective instruction to enable these students to carry out visiting ambulatory bathing services efficiently in order to meet demands when they conduct the services. For the volunteering service activity in major-related fields among college students' social volunteering activities, they recognized the necessity of systematic education and preparation.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.29-48
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 아동과 청소년을 위해서 정보 중재자로서의 역할을 수행해야 하는 공공도서관 사서의 기능적 자아 상태 유형을 교류 분석에서 제시한 이고그램을 통해서 분석하고 교수자로서 사서가 안고 있는 한계와 가능성을 살펴보는 것이다. 공공도서관 사서의 자아 상태 유형 분석 결과 전체적으로 NP-AC-A-CP-FC와 같이 N형(나이팅게일형)으로 나타났다. 이러한 자아 상태의 특징은 '헌신적이지만, 자기 부정적인 성향을 보인다.'고 해석할 수 있다. 따라서 공공도서관 사서는 어린이와 청소년의 요구와 태도를 양육적인 자세로 수용하고, 적극적인 상호작용을 통해서 자율성과 창의성을 신장할 수 있도록 A(성인), CP(비판적 어버이) 그리고 FC(자유로운 어린이) 자아 상태를 개발하는데 노력을 기울여야 할 것으로 보인다. A와 FC의 신장은 사서 자신의 스트레스를 줄이고, 직무 만족도를 높이는데도 매우 유용하다.