• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.500-511
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of music therapy on anxiety of patients in emergency room. Methods: The study was designed using a noneqivalent control group nonsynchronized design. For 20 minutes, the experimental group(22 patients) had listened to music and the control group(23 patients) had bed rest. A six-item state anxiety scale developed by Marteau and Bekker, which was based on Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured to all study participants before and after the intervention. The data was analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: 1) The experimental group's state anxiety level were significantly lower than the control group's(t=2.220, p=.032). 2) There were no significant differences in both group's diastolic(t=-.495, p=.623) and systolic blood pressure(t=831, p=.411). 3) The experimental group's pulse rate was significantly lower than the control group's(t=2.363, p=.023). Conclusion: Music therapy may be applied as a nursing intervention to decrease anxiety in emergency room.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.382-396
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• 1999

This study was attempted to prove the effect of emotional stability and vital signs applying music therapy program to the children admitted in the PICU. Data were collected from July to September, 1997. The subjects were 30 patients admitted in the PICU of 'S' University Hospital which were divided into two groups of experimental and control. Each group had 15 subjects. Method was nonequivalent control group pretest-postteset repeated design, observing vital signs and activity of subjects prior, during, and after the music intervention. The study tools were cassette tapes of 'Mother's music whose babies want to listen' and Space-lab patient monitor. Data were analyzed using the $SPSS/PC+;x^2$ test and t-test to analyze of the general characteristics ; paired t-test to prove hypotheses. Result were as follows; 1. Infants lower than seven months showed changing into stable vital signs from applying the music therapy, however infants from eight months to three-year old showed no change in vital signs. 2. Vital signs changed to stabilized condition in infants lower than seven months were heart rate and respiration rate. 3. The stability of vital signs during music therapy turned back to the previous state while terminating music therapy. 4. The effect of music therapy in the state of activity had on both infants group of lower than seven months and from eight months to three-year old, particularly more effective in the later group. I recommend follows on the base of above results ; 1. As above results shows, listening to music is effective on infants and toddler, intervention with music therapy appropriate to chidlren's age is hot recommended. 2. Comparative study with noise blocking effect and music therapy effect within the ICU environment be recommended. 3. The repeated study on when the exact time is and how many repeat the music therapy to show the above mentioned effect be recommended. 4. We recommend this music therapy to be done in the recovery room, isolating room, operating room as well as ICU.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2006

인간은 일반적으로 공간의 크기에 대한 정보를 시각에 의존한다. 그러나 청각적 경험이 중시되는 공연공간이나 다수의 음원을 활용하는 멀티미디어 환경 및 자동차의 캐빈 등에서는 시각적으로 큰 차이가 없는 상황에서도 제공되는 청취환경에 의해서 공간의 크기를 다르게 지각하게 된다. 본 연구는, 단일공연장내 상이한 위치에서 청각적으로 지각되는 공간의 규모를 청취실험을 통하여 측정 분석하였으며, 동일위치에서 측정된 건축음향파라메타와의 상관관계분석을 통하여 영향요인들을 살펴보았다. 실험결과, 공연장의 크기에 대한 청각적 인상은 음악적 명료도(clarity)에 의해 크게 좌우되며, 음원과의 거리, SPL등에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 각기 다른 4종류의 연주악기를 이용한 음향 선호도 평가결과, 성악을 제외한 오케스트라, 첼로, 플룻의 경우 공간적 규모감이 작은 것을 선호하였다. 반면, 성악의 경우 공간적 규모감과의 유의적인 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.177-178
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• 2010

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.222-238
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of music therapy as a nursing intervention on changes in recovery of consciousness and vital signs for postoperative patients in the recovery room. The subject for this study were fifty three of postoperative patients who were transferred from the OR to the RR at Kwangju Christian Hospital in Kwangju City. Thirty of them were assigned to the experimental group, and twenty three, to the control group. The age of the subject was between twenty and sixty years of age. The subject had a general anesthesia without any special complications, and they were not completely awake. The data were collected for six months from July 1999 to February 2000. The method used was to compare the condition of the subjects in each group at the beginning and at certain times repeatedly. The features observed were the level of consciousness, the frequency of complaints of pain, and vital signs of the subject before and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after hearing their favorite music for 30 minutes. The results are as follows 1. The recovery of consciousness was revealed through significant changes in facial expression, facial color, and grip strength in the experimental group more strongly than in the control group. No significant changes were shown in verbal order. The differences in recovery of consciousness in the pre-post music therapy between the two groups was not significant in verbal order, facial expression, or grip strength. However, significant changes were seen in facial color. 2. There were no significant differences between the two groups in changes in the frequency of pain complaints after music therapy. However, a significant difference was shown in the pre-post music therapy scres. 3. Vital signs did not show a significant difference between the two groups. However, the $SPO_2$ of the experimental group was significantly elevated after 60 minutes. The difference pre-post to the music therapy in the vital signs between two groups was significant only in body temperature. This study showed that the effect of music therapy given to postoperative patients is that it promotes changes in facial expression, facial color, and grip strength helping recovery of consciousness, stabilizing vital signs, elevating levels of $SPO_2$. and reducing complaints of pain. It is recommended that if the patient wants it music therapy be given right after surgery in the recovery room as a nursing intervention.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.179-180
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• 2010

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.377-388
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on changes in the vital signs of patients about to undergo an operation. The patients listened to the music at a time when they were feeling preoperative anxiety up until the preanesthesia was given in the operating room. The subjects for this study were selected from sixty patients to undergo operations, who were hospitalized at Dong Eui hospital in Pusan city. They were assigned to two groups, thirty to the experimental group and thirty to the control group. The subjects were from 20 years old to 69 years old, and had no other problem except the one requiring the operation, and no premedication. The data were collected during the period from July 1 to September 30, 1993. The method used in this study was to measure state-anxiety on the ward in the morning of the operation, and vital signs immediately before leaving for the operating room. Vital signs were measured immediately before the anesthesia was given and after the experimental group had listened to the music during the ten minutes needed to prepare the operation setting. The control group just waited during ten mimutes. Vital signs were check again before the anesthesia was given. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, mean±SD, p-value, and t-test using the SPSS progrom. The results of this study are : 1. Systolic blood pressure taken in the operating room was elevated, over the level measured on the ward, by 5.00 ± 15.26㎜Hg in experimental group and 18.67±14.56㎜Hg in control group. (t=-3.5496, p=.0008) 2. Diastolic blood pressure was elevated by 6.67±12.95㎜Hg in experimental group and 18.67±12. 79㎜Hg in control group. (t=-3.6100, p=.0006) 3. Pulse was elevated by 2.931±9.44 / min in experimental group and 8.03±8.37 /min in control group. (t=-2.2144, p=.0307) 4. Respiration was elevated by 0.60±1.35 /min in experimental group and 1.57±1.48 /min in control group. (t=-2.6409, p=.0106) 5. Body temperature was down by 0.13±1.91'c in experimental group and elevated by 1.13±1.11'c in control group. (t=-3.1471, p=.0026) Thus, in this study there was a statistically significant difference in the change in the vital signs between the experimental group treated with music therapy and the control group which received no treatment. Because music therapy is valuable to decrease the anxiety of patients facing operations, the result of this study support its effect in relieving anxiety as a valuable nursing intervention. From this study, the following recommendations can be made : First, it is necessary to further study music therapy to develope a better system and determine optimal time. Second, it is necessary that more detailed re-search on measurement of changes in vital signs be done to determine changes over time intervals.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of listening to music on the level of anxiety, sedation, and vital signs of patients undergoing surgery with spinal anesthesia. Methods: A convenience sample of 70 adult patients, ASA physical status I-II, scheduled for elective urologic or orthopedic surgery with spinal anesthesia, was included in this study. They were assigned to either an experimental group (n=35), listening to music during surgery, or a control group (n=35), not listening to music. Their anxiety was measured with the Spielberg's Trait and State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-KYZ). Sedation level was monitored with the Bispectral Index, and the vital signs at beginning, 10, 20, 30, and 45 min after operation. Results: The music group reported significantly lower state anxiety level during surgery as compared with the control group (t=3.91, p<.001). Repeated measures of ANOVA indicated a significant by group interaction on BIS index scores of sedation (F=4.23, p=.006). Among the vital signs, only heart rate was a significant by group interaction (F=5.529, p=.004). Conclusion: These findings indicate that listening to music during surgery with spinal anesthesia is a useful and effective nursing intervention to reduce anxiety and to maintain proper sedation.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2007

Purpose: The present study was done to examine the effect of music therapy on anxiety and pain in patients for whom a ureteral stent was inserted under local anesthesia. Method: The participants in this study were 22 patients who received a ureteral stent at the Day Surgery Center of C University Hospital during the period from May to October in 2006. The patients were divided into a control group (n=11) and an experimental group (n=11). For the experimental group, music was played according to their musical preference using headphones. The music was provided from the point when the patient took the posture for the operation and was covered with a sterilized drape to the point when the cystoscope was removed after finishing the operation. The control group was only provided with ordinary nursing services. Results: The results show that the provision of music therapy to these patients is effective in reducing the patients' salivary cortisol and Vas-anxiety score and stabilizing their systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: We conclude that music therapy can be actively used as a nursing intervention for reducing anxiety in patients who receive operations under local anesthesia.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.681-686
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• 1999

In a church, speech intelligibility is very important together with the reverberance for musical activities. In order to obtain the primary data of a acoustical design for churches records were refereed and churches were measured in Europe and Japan. And in the base of measurements, those were judged by subjective hearing test. As some results, it has been found that the room acoustics of churches were different in a country and the reverberation time was perferred two seconds for speech intelligibility. However, although personal deviations were admitted, more long echoes were preferred for the music.