• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.103-118
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• 2012

Although music is one of the most important attributes of broadcasting communications, few studies have examined the relationship between background music and the behavior of audiences, particularly in the context of TV home shopping programs, where purchase decisions are made while watching the show. The objective of this study is to examine whether certain characteristics of music in broadcasting communications can affect the audiences' purchase intentions or behaviors. Unlike previous studies on this issue, this study considers the impulse-inducing capability (IIC) of music as an important variable affecting consumers' purchase intension. A 2×3 (high/low involvement and high/low/no IIC music) between subjects design was used for the experiments in the study. The TV home shopping programs in the high or low involvement condition were identical except for the type of background music: high IIC music, low IIC music, and no music. A total of 188 undergraduate students at a college in Seoul, South Korea participated in the study. Their ages range from 20 to 25 (median age = 22), and nearly 60% were male. Our analysis showed that in the low involvement condition, high IIC music was more likely to have a positive effect on purchase intentions than low IIC (common) music or no music did. Meanwhile, there was not any significant relationship between music and purchase intentions in the high involvement condition. Given that previous studies have provided no clear evidence of the effects of music on consumers' purchase intentions or behaviors, this study makes an important contribution to the literature in this field. The result of this study provides implications to the practitioners in the market, too. Marketers need to reevaluate the value of music used in broadcasting communications and pay more attention to find the right music for their campaigns. Limitations of this study as well as directions for future studies are also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.285-292
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to introduce heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] as one of the 17 kinds of oriental medicine music therapy. The heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] can be applied to certain types of syndromes. The representative syndromes are flaring-up of the heart Fire[心火], rising of the liver Yang[肝陽], and fidgetiness due to deficiency of Eum(陰, Yin). Metal-Gi[金氣] music and Water-Gi[水氣] music are mainly used in heat-clearing music therapy, The patients with the case of flaring-up of the heart Fire[心火] may listen to Metal-Gi[金氣] music. For the patient with rising of the liver Yang[肝陽], relieving constraint music therapy can be used. In other cases with patients with fidgetiness due to deficiency of Eum, replenishing vital essence music therapy can be used. This study describes the theory of heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] that has a good possibility as a new method of oriental medical treatment.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.321-330
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was intended to determine how the choice of music affects the physiological and psychological status of women college student during music therapy. Methods: A nonequivalent experimental group pretest-posttest design was used. 19 out of 54 subjects were assigned to listen to their favorite music and 17 to their unfavorite music for 20 minutes using MP3 players and headphones. Anxiety, blood pressure, pulse and blood glucose levels of the subjects were measured before treatment. The data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed rank test using the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. Results: The result showed that systolic blood pressure, blood glucose and anxiety level decreased significantly in the favorite music group. however systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and anxiety level increased significantly in the unfavorite music group. The favorite music group showed a significantly higher level of satisfaction than the unfavorite music group. Conclusion: Choice of music affects the physiological and psychological status of an individual. Favorite music listening would enhance the effect of music therapy. Therefore, selection of music must be considered in light of the subject's preference and characteristics.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2005

Purpose: The purposes of this pilot study were to describe the perceived effectiveness of music therapy for pain control and to identify music preference for postoperative pain and anxiety control in Korean women who had a gynecological surgery. Sample: A convenience sample of 52 women was recruited from a gynecological unit at P University hospital and they were interviewed to assess their perception of music therapy and music preference using a structured study questionnaire. Results: Fifty-six percent of women reported that music therapy would be effective and 96% perceived it would be effective if combined with analgesics. The best music chosen for relieving postoperative pain and anxiety were Korean old pop and ballad song/music followed by Korean religious music, American pop songs, piano music, Korean classic songs, and Orchestra music. Conclusion: There was a cultural difference in music preference for the relief of post-operative pain in this sample. Therefore, effects of music for postoperative pain control need to be determined after considering musical preferences of postoperative women in Korea.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.11
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• pp.2131-2138
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• 2011

GPS is vulnerable to jamming because of extremely low signal power. Many anti-jamming techniques are studied for complement this vulnerability. Anti-jamming techniques using array antenna are most effective technique and these techniques are required the DOA estimates. MUSIC algorithm and Root-MUSIC Algorithm are typical algorithms used in DOA estimation. Two algorithms have different characteristics, so the choice of an algorithm may depends on many factors such as the environment and the system requirements. The analysis and performance comparison of both algorithms is necessary to choose the best method to apply. This paper summarizes the theory of MUSIC and Root-MUSIC algorithms. And this paper extends both algorithm to estimate two-dimensional angles. The software simulator of both algorithms are implemented to evaluate the performance. Root-MUSIC algorithm has the computational advantage on ULA. MUSIC algorithm is applicable to any antenna array. MUSIC shows better estimation performance when number of array element is small while the computational load of MUSIC is much higher than Root-MUSIC.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.3-21
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• 2005

Music industry confronts turbulent change through the explosive usage of internet in downloading music files by consumers. Internet substitutes traditional music distributional channel and develops new digital music market. This study examines what change has been brought to music industry in both domestic market and global market by the usage of internet. The study also discusses some cases and legal issues in digital music industry.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.91-99
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• 2010

Recently, recognizing user resource for personalized service has been needed in digital content service fields. Especially, to analyze user taste, recommend music and service music related information need recognition of user music file in case of online music service. Music related information service is offered through recognizing user music based on tag information. Recognition error has grown by weak points like changing and removing of tag information. Techniques of content based user music recognition with music signal itself are researched for solving upper problems. In this paper, we propose user music recognition on the internet by extracted feature from music signal. Features are extracted after suitable preprocessing for structure of content based user music recognition. Recognizing on music server consist of feature form are progressed with extracted feature. Through this, user music can be recognized independently of tag data. 600 music was collected and converted to each 5 music qualities for proving of proposed recognition. Converted 3000 experiment music on this method is used for recognition experiment on music server including 300,000 music. Average of recognition ratio was 85%. Weak points of tag based music recognition were overcome through proposed content based music recognition. Recognition performance of proposed method show a possibility that can be adapt to online music service in practice.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.343-350
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• 2017

Music Braille is essential and academic materials for the blind to learn and enjoy music. In Korea, National Library for the Disabled is the public institution for the manufacture digital music braille by the request and the center of music rehabilitation the disabled also make the digital music braille on a welfare level. However, most of braille libraries in Korea do have little music braille compared to other braille books. This paper reports the current situations how braille libraries including National library for the Disabled contain braille books, music brailles and digital music brailles to find out that the blinds can be provided exact informations about music brailles and digital music brailles so they can learn music with the right materials such as music brailles. In conclusion, the construction of Database for the digital music brailles is required and necessary for the blind to have better activities of music from the welfare and artistic point of view.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3E
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

This paper presents an efficient algorithm to retrieve similar music files from a large archive of digital music database. Users are able to navigate and discover new music files which sound similar to a given query music file by searching for the archive. Since most of the methods for finding similar music files from a large database requires on computing the distance between a given query music file and every music file in the database, they are very time-consuming procedures. By measuring the acoustic distance between the pre-classified music files with the same type of emotion, the proposed method significantly speeds up the search process and increases the precision in comparison with the brute-force method.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

While the difficulty of the music can be classified by a variety of standard, conventional methods are classified by the subjective judgment based on the experience of many musicians or conductors. Music score is difficult to evaluate as there is no quantitative criterion to determine the degree of difficulty. In this paper, we propose a new classification method for determining the degree of difficulty of the music. In order to determine the degree of difficulty, we convert the score, which is expressed as a traditional music score, into electronic music sheet. Moreover, we calculate information about the elements needed to play sheet music by distance of notes, tempo, and quantifying the ease of interpretation. Calculating a degree of difficulty of the entire music via the numerical data, we suggest the difficulty evaluation of the score, and show the difficulty of music through experiments.