• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of electrical stimulation of body composition in obese person. Subjects were 30s to 40s aged healthy workers(2004. 3. 8~4. 17) in the S general Hospital in Suwon and they were brought to manage obesity. Subjects were divided into control group(Female<0.85, Male<0.90) and study group(Female>0.85, Male>0.90) by WHR(waist-hip ratio) that is measured by Automatic body composition analyzer(InBody 3.0). And we divided the study group with randomized methods into group A(n=8) and group B(n=8). Then we compared and analyzed the change of muscle mass, body fat, abdominal girth, WHR, BMI(body mass index) after application of electrical stimulation, three times a week, for 30 minutes in each session with 50 Hz of pulse frequency, $20\;{\mu}s$ or $250\;{\mu}s$ of pulse duration. There was statistically meaningful decrement of body fat(p<0.05) and abdominal girth(p<0.05) but not of body weight, muscle mass, WHR and BMI in the control group after application of electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $20\;{\mu}s$. There were meaningful change of abdominal girth(p<0.05), WHR(p<0.05) and BMI(p<0.05), but not of body weight, muscle mass and body fat after application of electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $20\;{\mu}s$ in group A. We applied electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $250\;{\mu}s$ in group B, then there were meaningful change of body weight(p<0.05), body fat(p<0.01), abdominal girth(p<0.01), WHR(p<0.05) and BMI(p<0.01) but not of muscle mass only. Consequently, the pulse duration is the main parameter of electrical stimulation that affect the body composition of obese person in this study and if we combined the diet control to reduce blood components we could have better result. So it would be more effective to manage localized obesity(in abdomen, thigh, upper arm, etc.) if you apply electrical stimulation considering the pulse duration.

• Hip & pelvis
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to assess changes in hip muscles by comparing results of preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) in older patients who underwent surgery for treatment of hip fracture. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients (aged ≥65 years) who underwent surgery for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures (25 patients) and femoral neck fractures (25 patients) between February 2013 and February 2019 and underwent preoperative and postoperative pelvic CT were enrolled in the study. The cross-sectional area, attenuation and estimates of muscle mass of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, iliopsoas, and rectus femoris on the uninjured side were measured. Basic patient data (sex, age, height, weight, body mass index [BMI], bone mineral density [BMD], Harris hip score [HHS], and length of follow-up) were collected from medical records. Results: No significant differences in sex, age, height, weight, BMI, BMD, HHS, and length of follow-up were observed between the two groups. No significant difference in the cross-sectional areas and attenuations of gluteus medius and gluteus minimus was observed after surgery; however, a statistically significant decrease was observed in those of iliopsoas and rectus femoris after surgery. Lower estimates with statistical significance of muscle mass of the iliopsoas and rectus femoris were observed on postoperative CT. Conclusion: Muscle mass of the hip flexor (iliopsoas, rectus femoris) showed significant decreases on postoperative CT compared with preoperative CT. Based on these findings, selective strengthening exercise for hip flexor should be beneficial in rehabilitation of hip fractures.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.1118-1138
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Sarcopenia is an age-associated skeletal muscle disorder that can profoundly impact the health of elderly people. However, the efficacy of herbal medicine in sarcopenia is uncertain. This review aims to investigate evidence of the effect of herbal medicine on sarcopenia. Methods: We systematically searched 12 electronic databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Only trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected, and the characteristics of the included studies were extracted and synthesized in a narrative manner. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias (RoB) 2.0 tool. Results: 7 RCTs involving 672 participants with sarcopenia met the inclusion criteria. The intervention combining herbal medicine and conventional treatment (i.e., exercise, nutritional support) had a significant therapeutic effect compared with the conventional treatment, showing improvement in muscle strength (i.e., grip strength), muscle mass (i.e., appendicular skeletal muscle mass index), and physical function (i.e., gait speed, short physical performance battery, and timed up and go test). However, the methodological quality of the included RCTs was relatively low due to their high RoB, making it difficult to evaluate the efficacy of herbal medicine in sarcopenia. In terms of safety, several adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This review suggests that herbal medicine has a positive effect on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in elderly patients with sarcopenia, but there is a clear need for further research in this area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.199-208
• /
• 2017

Both cardiovascular diseases caused by decreased body composition and arterial compliance and falling induced by loss of muscle mass are frequent occurrences in the elderly. Therefore, elderly people are advised to perform elastic band resistance exercises to improve their body composition and arterial compliance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 12 weeks of elastic band resistance training on the body composition, arterial compliance and falling index in elderly females (> 65 years). The elastic band resistance exercise program was administered 3 times per week for 60 minutes each time for 12 weeks. In addition, the exercise intensity was set to 11-14 on the Borg scale (6-20). Before and after the training period, the body composition (body weight (BW), muscle mass, % body fat, body mass index (BMI)), arterial compliance (ankle brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV)) and risk of falling index were determined. (After the program?), the BW (p=.003), BMI (p=.002), PWV (p=.017) and risk of falling (p=.037) in the exercise group were significantly reduced, whereas the BW (p=.009) and BMI (p=.009) in the control group were significantly increased. In conclusion, the body weight, BMI and arterial compliance of elderly females were positively changed by the elastic band resistance training. Thus, the elastic band resistance exercise may be useful for elderly people to prevent metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases and to reduce their risk of falling.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.309-317
• /
• 2022

It is reported that social distancing caused by the corona pandemic has resulted in a decrease in physical activity, and a decrease in muscle mass due to this increases the risk of vascular disease. Therefore, in this study, the risk of carotid intima media thickness was evaluated by measuring the thickness of CIMT, and the differences in variables according to gender were analyzed. From January 2022 to May 2022, a total of 220 people (121 males, 99 females) who performed blood tests, carotid ultrasound, and body composition analysis among those who visited the health check-up center of Busan H Hospital were included in this study. Significant differences in risk factors according to gender were analyzed using the chi-square test. The cut-off values of variables that can predict the risk of carotid intima media thickness were calculated, and the accuracy was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. As a result of the difference analysis, the higher the total cholesterol in men and the appendicular skeletal muscle index in women, the higher the risk of carotid intima media thickness. The cut-off value for predicting the risk of carotid intima media thickness was calculated to be greater than 199 mg/dL of total cholesterol in the male group and less than 5.9 kg/m² of the appendicular skeletal muscle index in the female group. As a result of this study, the higher the total cholesterol in men and the lower the appendicular skeletal muscle index in women, the higher the risk of increased CIMT. Therefore, in women, the appendicular skeletal muscle index is expected to serve as an indicator to predict and prevent vascular changes at an early stage.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2022

The gluteal region is a frequent target for injecting high volumes. However, the safe intramuscular injection sites have been controversy in this region. This study was aimed to compare the subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses at the two gluteal injection sites and to determine the influence of sex and body mass index (BMI) on fat and muscle thicknesses. The ultimate purpose of this study is to suggest the most suitable intramuscular injection site among the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal regions. Eleven fresh cadavers were injected with colored gelatin using syringes at the two gluteal injection sites. Seven variables were measured at both gluteal injection sites and analyzed relative to sex and the BMI. No variables showed statistically significant differences between the two gluteal injection sites according to sex. In a one-way analysis of variance, total length and muscle thickness had significant difference according to the BMI category. In obese cadavers, the injected gelatin core was located in the subcutaneous layer (average 109.0 percentile), and in the muscle layer (average 78.9 percentile) in the dorsogluteal region. These were found that the success rate of injection in the dorsogluteal region was higher than in the ventrogluteal region, especially when classed as obese. Also, it is suggested that nurses should use the traditional intramuscular injection method. It will also be necessary to consider expanding these findings to other ethnic groups in the Asia-Pacific region and then also education in universities and health providers on selecting the intramuscular gluteal injection site.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a walking program on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose in community-dwelling older adults. Method: A quasi-experimental research design (one group pretest-posttest) was employed. Participants were recruited in Seoul and a total of 57 community-dwelling older adults completed the 10-week walking program. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used in the data analysis by SPSS WIN 14.0. Result: The participants showed lower BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol level, and blood glucose level after than before participation in the walking program. Body mass index significantly decreased (t= 2.911, p= .005) after completing the walking program. There were, however, no significant changes in blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose after completing the walking program. Conclusion: Findings of this study indicated that the 10-week walking program had favorable effect on BMI. Future research needs to target various older adult groups during a long-term period.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.661-673
• /
• 2015

This study examines the effects of a low-calorie raw juice diet on the level of serum ferritin in adults and analyzes nutrient intake from the diet. There were significant differences between juices; the highest calorie was provided by pear juice, highest crude protein, vitamin A, and vitamin B2 levels were from green Juice 1; and highest vitamin C and vitamin B1 levels were from fruit juices. The ratio of estimated energy requirements (EER) for the participants was 56.2% from the raw juice diet. The percentages of recommended intake (RI) from the raw juice diet of protein (57.9%), dietary fiber (19.1%), niacin (6.2%), calcium (0.1%), and magnesium (0.2%) were lower than 75%. However, those of RI of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin C were 1796.5%, 7481.7%, 1915.5%, 30858.7%, and 7500%, respectively, exceeding the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin A, vitamin B6, and vitamin C. There were significant decreases in weight, the body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass in males and females. After the diet program, serum iron and SOD (superoxide dismutase) showed significant decreases, whereas RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum ferritin showed significant increases. There were negative correlations between serum ferritin and weight and between serum ferritin and skeletal muscle mass for all participants. There were negative correlations between serum ferritin and skeletal muscle mass for males and between serum ferritin and body fat mass for females. These results suggest that a raw juice diet can supplement a regular diet to prevent excess or deficient nutrient intake.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.33-43
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of modified fasting therapy using fermented herbal medicine on the changes of body compositions. Methods : This study was carried out on 11 patients who carried out modified fasting therapy using fermented herbal medicine. They went through reducing food intakes period(7 days), fasting period(10~14 days) and refeeding period(10~14 days). Body compositions(weight, BMI(body mass index), skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, percent body fat, basal metabolic rate, waist-hip ratio, visceral fat area) were measured at each state. And then the data was analyzed. Results : 1. The weight and BMI decreased during the reducing food intakes period and the fasting period, and increased during the refeeding period. But the weight and BMI decreased during the fasting therapy period, as a whole. 2. The skeletal muscle mass decreased during the fasting period and increased during the refeeding period. As the final outcome, for the whole fasting therapy period, decrease of skeletal muscle mass didn't show significance. The body fat mass and percent body fat decreased during the reducing food intakes period, the fasting period and the refeeding period. 3. The basal metabolic rate decreased during the fasting period and increased during the refeeding period. As the final outcome, for the whole fasting therapy period, decrease of basal metabolic rate didn't show significance. 4. The waist-hip ratio decreased during the fasting period and the refeeding period. The visceral fat area decreased during the fasting period and refeeding period. Conclusions : Results from this investigation showed that modified fasting therapy using fermented herbal medicine have positive effects on changes of body compositions. This results are expected to compensate the defects of existing fasting therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.1465-1474
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is the effects of 12 weeks complex training using swiss ball and elastic band on senior fitness and sarcopenia index in elderly women. The subject of this study was classified into exercise group (n=13) and control group (n=14). EG were carrier exercise program with swiss-ball and elastic band by 3 times a week, 3sets, RPE 11-13, and 60 minute. Test variables of among this study, senior fitness which is muscle strength, endurance, flexibility and dynamic balance and age-related sarcopenia index were muscle strength, muscle mass and short physical performance battery (SPPB). The results of this study were not significantly improvement at muscle strength, cardiopulmonary and flexibility but dynamic balance was significantly difference. And SPPB were significantly difference. In conclusion, the complex whole body training had positive effects on dynamic balance and SPPB of the elderly women.