• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity of affected lower extremity by unaffected lower extremity exercise and tried to examine muscle activity of affected lower extremity of hemiplegic patients were caused by stroke according to wearing single strap hemisling or non-wearing. Methods : We measured muscle activity of affected lower extremity when wearing single strap hemisling to affected lower extremity or non-wearing according to unaffected lower extremity used MP 150 Eletromyogram. Results : 1) Muscle activity of gluteus medius muscle was the highest D1 before wearing single strap hemisling. 2) Muscle activity of hamstring muscle was the highest D3 after wearing single strap hemisling. 3) Muscle activity of quadriceps muscle was the highest D5 after wearing single strap hemisling. 4) Muscle activity of tibialis anterior muscle was the highest D1 after wearing single strap hemisling. 5) Muscle activity of soleus muscle was the highest D2 before wearing single strap hemisling. Conclusion : Wearing single strap hemisling of hemiplegic patients had effect on muscle activity of gluteus medius but didn't effect gluteus medius, hamstring, quadriceps, tibialis anterior muscle and soleus muscle.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.243-255
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• 2024

Purpose: Although foot muscle imbalance has been confirmed in patients with hallux valgus deformity, there is insufficient information on how corrective taping affects muscle activity and contraction rate of the foot muscles. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of Mulligan taping as a treatment method for hallux valgus deformity by examining changes in muscle activity and contraction rate when Mulligan taping with inelastic tape was applied to these patients. Methods: Thirty-two patients with hallux valgus deformity were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control. In the experimental group, Mulligan taping with inelastic tape was applied to correct the hallux valgus angle of the big toe, and in the control group, placebo taping was performed in which inelastic tape was applied in a straight line without modifying the angle of the big toe. Muscle activity and muscle contraction rate were measured before and after the intervention, and changes were compared and analyzed. Results: In the experimental group where Mulligan taping was applied, the muscle activity and muscle contraction rate of the abductor hallucis muscle significantly increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the muscle activity and muscle contraction rate of the adductor hallucis muscle and tibialis posterior muscle significantly decreased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle activity and muscle contraction rate in the control group, where placebo taping was applied (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Mulligan taping significantly changed muscle activity and contraction rates compared to placebo taping. By correcting the position of the big toe, the activity and contraction rate of the abductor hallucis muscle increased, while the activity and contraction rate of the adductor hallucis muscle and tibialis posterior muscle decreased. Therefore, Mulligan taping is considered an intervention that can prevent symptom worsening and enhance foot function by improving muscle imbalance in patients with hallux valgus deformity.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 1969

Electoromyographic studies were performed on the action of the muscles of the temporomandibular joints following exfoliation of the deciduous teeth. The subjects examined, being 50 children. between the age of 6 and 13 years, divided into 5 groups. They were; 1) Deciduous dentition were complete in the first group. 2) Deciduous incisors were missing in either upper or lower jaw in the second group. 3) Deciduous canine and molars were missing in the left side of either upper or lower jaw in the third group. 4) Deciduous canine and molars were missing in the right side of either upper or lower jaw in the fourth group. 5) Permanent dentition completed in the fifth group(except third molars). Electromyogram was recorded with 4 channel polygraph (Grass model VII modified for 7P3). Electrodes which were the cup-typed gold discs, 9 millimeters in the diameter, were located on the anterior, middle and posterior lobes of the temporal muscles, and also on the superficial and deep layers of the masseter muscles. Paired electrodes were held by electrode cream so that they were pressed on the skin surface at right angle, adhesive tape being used to anchor them. The distance of the pair electrodes was about 5 millimeters. The results obtained were as follow: 1) In rest position of mandible; All groups showed slight, electrical activities in the muscles involved, but in the middle lobe of temporal muscle they were slightly higher. 2) In molar occlusion of mandible; High activity-anterior lobe of temporal muscle and superficial layer of masseter muscle. Moderate activity-deep layer of masseter muscle. Low activity-middle and posterior lobes of masseter muscle. There were no differences among the first, the second and the fifth groups. In the third group the muscle activity was weaker than that of the right, and in the fourth group opposite characteristics was revealed. 3) In incisal bite of mandreble; Hight activity-superficial layer of masseter muscle. Modertae activity-deep layer of masseter muscle. Low activity-anterior, middle and posterior lobes of temporal muscle. The first, the third, the fourth and the fifth groups showed no differences but the second group showed less activity than those of others. 4) In protrusion of mandible; High activity-deep layer of masseter muscle Moderate activity-superficial layer of masseter muscle. Low activity-anterior, middle and posterior lobes of temporal muscle. In the first, the fourth and the fifth groups, there were no differences in the activities, but the second group showed less activity than the others. 5) In retrusion of mandible; High activity-deep layer of masseter muscle. Moderate activity-superficial layer of masseter muscle. Low activity-anterior, middle and posterior lobes of temporal muscle. In the first, the third, the fourth and the fifth groups, there were no differences but the second group showed less activity than the others. 6) In lateral excursion of the mandible (either direction); High activity-posterior lobe of temporal muscle. Moderate activity-anterior and middle lobes of temporal muscle. Low activity-superficial and deep layers of masseter muscle. The muscle action potentials were weaker than those of the right side in the third group and vice ver'sa in the fourth group. 7) In chewing movement; Temporal muscle activities were higher than those of masseter, especially in the middle lobe of temporal muscle the activity was highest. Right side muscle activities were higher than those of the left in the third group and, on the contrary, the left side was dominant over the right in the fourth group.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of load and speed of treadmill exercise impact on muscle activity and muscle strength. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study was conducted for 12 female student from G University. Treadmill exercise was divided into four groups (ULS, LLS, UHS, LHS). Results: 1) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in ULS, UHS (p<0.05). 2) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in LLS, LHS (p<0.05). 3) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in ULS, LLS (p<0.05). 4) There was significant difference in muscle activity of tibialis anterial, medial head of gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris muscle in UHS, LHS (p<0.05). 5 There was significant difference in muscle strength in LHS (p<0.05). Conclusion: Exercising with high speed and load has more influence on the muscle activity and muscle strength of the lower extremities.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.2302-2307
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• 2021

Background: Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis show abnormal changes in muscle activity due to pain and limited range of motion of the lumbar spine. Excessive increased muscle tone and decreased muscle activity patterns threaten the patients' quality of life. However, there have been a few studies showing how to improve muscle performance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Among these, joint mobilization is one way of improving muscle performance through pain relief and increasing the range of motion. Objectives: To investigate the effect of lumbar mobilization by orthopedic manual physical therapy on paravertebral muscle activity and tone in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: In this study, 24 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis were randomized (1:1 ratio) into two groups. The experimental group underwent lumbar posteroanterior mobilization, and the control group underwent conventional physical therapy (conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) for 15 minutes each. For outcome measures, Myoton^®PRO was used to evaluate muscle tone when resting of the paravertebral muscle in the pain area. For muscle activity evaluation, the reference voluntary contraction of the paravertebral muscle was evaluated using surface electromyography. Results: Muscle tone and activity were significantly improved after intervention in both the experimental and control groups. In addition, the experimental group showed more significant decrease in muscle tone and activity than the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that lumbar mobilization improving muscle performance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to assess the tibialis anterior, soleus, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis muscle activity of tibialis anterior, soleus, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis according to pronated foot and supinated foot. Methods : Group of pronation and supination were taped using augmented low-day method to make pronated and supinated foot the three case were assessed by agnostic radiology for investigating foot structure. Results : 1) When supinated foot & pronated foot, tibialis anterior & gluteus maximus muscle activity was augmented in one step. 2) When supinated foot & pronated foot, soleus & transverse abdominis muscle activity was decreased in one step. 3) When supinated foot & pronated foot, tibialis anterior & gluteus maximus muscle activity was augmented in squat. 4) When supinated foot & pronated foot, soleus muscle activity was decreased in squat. 5) When pronated foot, transverse abdominis muscle activity was decreased in squat. 6) When supinated foot, transverse abdominis muscle activity was augmented in squat. 7) When pronated foot, transverse abdominis & gluteus maximus & tibialis anterior muscle activity was augmented in sit to stand. 8) When supinated foot, transverse abdominis & gluteus maximus & tibialis anterior muscle activity was decreased in sit to stand. 9) When supinated foot & pronated foot, soleus muscle activity was decreased in sit to stand. Conclusion : 1) Pronated foot & supinated foot effects on soleus, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis muscle activity in one step. 2) Pronated foot & supinated foot effects on tibialis anterior, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis muscle activity in squat. 3) Pronated foot & supinated foot effects on soleus, transverse abdominis muscle activity in sit to stand. Therefore we suggest the deformity of the foot effects on tibialis anterior, soleus, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis muscle activity.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of applying intensity on the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle in adult males when TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) was applied. In addition, this study intends to prepare the scientific basic data of TENS for the purpose of relaxation based on the experimental results. Methods : Eighty-seven healthy adult males participated in the experiment, and they were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. All subjects in this study were healthy subjects without musculoskeletal or nervous system damage. All subjects were subjects who voluntarily consented to the purpose and method of the experiment. All subjects were provided with a load by typing for 20 minutes, and muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle were measured immediately. Afterwards, TENS was given to each groups for 15 minutes, and the experimental group received stimulation at the motor threshold level, and the control group received a placebo stimulation. After stimulation, muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle were measured in the same method. The measured data were compared between groups through an independent t-test and dependent t-test. The statistical significance level was set at .05. Results : The application of TENS statistically significantly decreased the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the trapezius muscle in the experimental group, and the results showed a significant difference from the control group. Conclusion : Application of TENS significantly decreased the muscle activity and muscle stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle. The application of TENS of applying intensity that induces muscle contraction may induce relaxation by reducing the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the trapezius muscle.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.577-589
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• 2002

There are several variations in normal mastication. In them, unilateral mastication is chewing, predominantly on a preferred side of the dentition and hardly on e non-preferred side. Continual unilateral mastication may alter the coordination of masticatory muscles. Although they studied about these EMG of masticatory muscles, there were no information about characteristics of masticatory muscle activity in unilateral mastication. Therefore, In this study, we investigated the activity of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles during rest, clenching in maximum intercuspation and gum chewing in habitually unilateral mastication group compared with normal group and tried to know effects of continual unilateral mastication on activity of masticatory muscles. The results of this study were as follows 1. In electromyographic activity during rest, in bilateral mastication group pattern of muscle activity of right and left side was symmetrical. But, in unilateral mastication group, records of anterior part of temporal muscle was higher than that of bilateral mastication group (p<.01) and patterns of muscle activity of right and left side in both muscle were asymmetrical.(p<.05) 2. In electromyographic activity during clenching in maximum intercuspation, records of superficial part of masseter muscle were higher than anterior part of temporal muscle in both group. Muscle activity of temporal muscle in unilateral mastication group was a little higher han bilateral mastication group and asymmetry of activity pattern in temporal and masseter muscle was shown but these differences were not statistically significant. (p<.05) 3. In electromyographic activity during gum chewing, temporal muscle was activated earlier than masseter muscle and maximum bite force is derived from masseter muscle in both group. In unilateral mastication group, electromyographic activity of masseter and temporal muscle of preferred chewing side, regardless of right or left side chewing, was higher than that of bilateral mastication group and especially, difference in masseter muscle was statistically significant. (p<.01) Based on the above results, our study suggested that recording of masticatory muscle activity will be helpful in the effective diagnosis and treatment of some types of the parafunctional habits.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2004

The objective of the study is to analyze the myoelectrical activity involved in performing the Swallow movement, a D-level technique, in order to use it as the basic research data in helping train gymnasts in how to perform strength-related techniques. To this end, four national representative athletes who participated in the 2002 Busan Asian Games were selected. The results of the comparison analysis of the individual models are summarized as follows. 1) The results of the E.M.G analysis showed that during the Swallow movement, the myoelectrical activity was detected higher in pectorialis major muscle and bicep brachii muscle than in trapezius muscle and deltoid muscle. 2) The results of the E.M.G analysis showed that during the Swallow movement, the myoelectrical activity was measured high in triceps brachii muscle and palmaris longus muscle, while the myoelectrical activity was recorded low in latissimus dorsi muscle and rectus abdominis muscle. 3) In performing the Swallow in the rings, the mean average (%) was found high in the order of erector spinae, pectorialis major muscle, palmaris longus muscle, triceps brachii muscle, deltoid muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, and trapezius muscle. All taken together, the athletes showed a difference in the distribution of the muscles during the performance of the Swallow. The muscle that showed a constant distribution among the athletes was pectoralis major muscle, which proves that for a stable performance, it is ideal to increase the myoelectrical activity in pectoralis major muscle.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2023

Background: Individuals with scapular winging have a weak serratus anterior (SA) muscle, and to compensate, the pectoralis major (PM) and upper trapezius (UT) muscles excessively activate, which can cause upper extremity dysfunction. This study aimed to compare the effects of isometric horizontal abduction (IHA) on SA, PM, and UT muscle activity, as well as the SA/PM and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during knee push-up plus (KPP) at 90° and 120° of shoulder flexion. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of IHA on SA, PM, and UT muscle activity, as well as the SA/PM and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during KPP at 90° and 120° of shoulder flexion. Methods: This study, conducted at a university research laboratory, included 20 individuals with scapular winging. Participants performed KPP with and without IHA at 90° (KPP90) and 120° (KPP120) of shoulder flexion. SA, PM, and UT muscle activity were measured using surface electromyography. Results: PM activity in KPP90 with IHA was significantly lower than KPP90 and in KPP120 was significantly lower than KPP90. UT activity was significantly greater with IHA than without IHA and at 120° than 90° of shoulder flexion. SA/PM muscle activity ratio was significantly higher in KPP90 with IHA than without IHA and in KPP120 than in KPP90. SA/UT muscle activity ratio was significantly lower with IHA than without IHA. Conclusion: KPP90 with IHA and KPP120 are effective exercises to reduce PM activity and increase SA/PM muscle activity ratio. However, applying IHA in KPP90 also reduces SA/UT muscle activity ratio, implying that it would be preferable to apply KPP120 in individuals overusing their UT muscles.