• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multivariate Statistics

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A Study on the Characteristics of Errors Type for Wellness of Alzheimer's Dementia Patients in the Naming Task (알츠하이머성 치매환자의 웰니스를 위한 명명하기 과제에서의 오류유형 특성 연구)

  • Kang, Min-Gu
    • Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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    • v.14 no.8
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    • pp.213-219
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of error types in naming task for 8 questionable demeatia groups, 9 definite dementia groups, and 10 normal groups. The items of naming error analysis were classified into visual perception errors, semantic association errors, semantic non-correlation errors, phoneme errors, Don't Know, and No Response. For the analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, analysis of variance, and multivariate analysis of variance were conducted using SPSS 21.0. As a result, there was a significant difference in the error rate between groups according to the error type. The errors that showed significant differences between the normal group and the other two groups were visual perception errors and semantic non-related errors. The error of non-response was different from the dementia confirmation group, but there was no significant difference from the dementia suspicion group. These results showed that Alzheimer's patients had a defect in confrontation naming ability. Also, it was found that it is appropriate to provid other clues when the defects caused by the degeneration of a specific step during the information processing process become severe.

The effect of employment status and household equalization income on unmet dental and medical care needs : a study on the application of Korea Medical Panel Data 2018 (종사상 지위와 가구 균등화 소득이 치과 의료 미충족에 미치는 영향 : 2018 한국의료패널 자료를 활용한 분석)

  • Jin-Ha Lee;Gyung-Jae Oh
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: This study used the 2018 Korea Health Panel Survey data to analyze factors affecting employment status and income relating to unmet dental and medical care needs. Additionally it investigated measures to reduce oral health inequality among various socioeconomic classes. Methods: Descriptive statistics for the subjects' unmet dental and medical care needs were calculated through chi-square test analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors affecting the unmet dental and medical care needs. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for each level. These data were analyzed using STATA 17.0 SE (64-bit) version, and the statistical significance level was set to p<0.05. Results: As a result of unmet dental and medical care needs according to general characteristics, the lower the education level (p<0.001), the higher the age (p<0.001) and the lower the household equalization income (p<0.024) and the smoker status (p<0.003) were, respectively. Factors that have a statistically significant impact on unmet dental and medical care needs were divorce, separation and bereavement (p<0.001) in individuals than in married persons, and being smokers than non-smokers (p<0.009). The frequency of unmet dental and medical care needs were found to be lower in the cases of a high school graduate than an elementary school graduate (p<0.018), and of higher household equalization income (p<0.001) than the lowest household equalization income, respectively. Conclusions: It was found that various factors such as age, education level, household equalization income, employment status, type of working hours type, and smoking status affect unmet dental and medical care needs.

The Longitudinal Mediating Role of Peer Attachment in the Relationship between Affective School Environment and Children's Sense of Community (심리적 학교환경특성과 아동의 공동체의식 간의 관계: 아동의 또래애착의 종단매개효과)

  • Hwajin Lee;Jiyoung Lim
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • v.62 no.2
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    • pp.249-259
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    • 2024
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the longitudinal mediating effects of peer attachment on the relationship between psychological school environment and children's sense of community. Data on 1,088 children were obtained from the 10th, 11th, and 13th Panel Study on Korean Children in the 3rd 4th, and 6th grades. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α, Pearson's correlation, a latent growth model, and a multivariate latent growth model. All analyses were conducted in SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. The principal results were as follows. First, children's peer attachment gradually decreased over time. Moreover, individual differences existed in the initial values and rates of change. Second, the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade positively influenced children's initial peer attachment, which then exerted a positive impact on children's sense of community in the 6th grade. Second, the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade negatively influenced children's rates of change, which also exerted a positive impact on children's sense of community in the 6th grade. Finally, the initial value and rates of change of peer attachment were significant mediating effects of the relationship between the psychological school environment in the 3rd grade and children's sense of community in the 6th grade. The findings highlight the necessity of creating a psychological school environment that develops peer attachment and a sense of community among children.

The Association between the Subjective Perception of the Regional Healthcare Environment and Unmet Medical Needs (지역의 의료서비스 환경에 대한 주관적 인식과 연간 미충족의료 발생 간의 연관성)

  • Seohyun Woo;Hyun Woo Moon;Yeong jun Lee;Sun jung Kim
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.62-72
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    • 2023
  • Based on the basic ideology of health care, this study realized the seriousness of annual unmet medical need and conducted a study to confirm the relationship between the subjective perception of regional healthcare environment and unmet medical needs. The independent variable was classified into attitude 'satisfaction' and 'unsatisfaction' toward regional healthcare, and the dependent variable was classified as whether unmet medical needs occurred annually. Based on previous studies, the control variables were selected as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics that can affect the occurrence of unmet medical care annually and characteristics related to health behavior. Descriptive statistics were conducted for each variable on the extracted sample, and multivariate survey logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between variables. As a result, more unmet medical needs occurred annually than those who were satisfied with the medical services in the area where they lived. In addition, more unmet medical need occurred annually in "unsatisfied" households compared to households "satisfied" with local medical services. In residential areas, women live in "metropolis" and "rural areas" compared to "urban," women live in men, lower education levels, and poor subjective health levels, and less satisfied with local medical services. As such, the impact of environmental factors in the community on the use of health and medical services is one of the major areas of interest in the field of health science, such as health policy and social dynamics. Therefore, hospitals in each region need to make efforts in terms of hospital management to increase the overall satisfaction of medical services in the region by continuously monitoring the attitude of residents to achieve universal health security, and policymakers should also be interested and propose new policies.

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Level of happiness and its association with food literacy among Seoul citizens: results from Seoul Food Survey 2021

  • Hyelim Yoo;Eunbin Jo;Hyeongyeong Lee;Eunji Ko;Eunjin Jang;Jiwon Sim;Sohyun Park
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.119-131
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    • 2024
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Happiness is an important factor in life, and food literacy (FL) has been emphasized as a core concept for a happy and healthy life. This study examined the level of happiness of Seoul citizens according to their sociodemographic factors and their association with FL. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study used the data from the Seoul Food Survey, a cross-sectional study conducted on 4,039 Seoul citizens from September to October 2021. FL was measured using a validated questionnaire consisting of 33 items from 3 sub-domains: 14 items in the nutrition and safety domain, 8 items in the cultural and relational domain, and 11 items in the socio-ecological domain. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: Various sociodemographic factors, such as household income, subjective health status, and food insecurity, were found to be associated with the level of happiness. The level of FL was also associated with the happiness scores. After adjusting for variables associated with happiness, the participants with the highest quartile FL scores were 7.32 times more likely to respond that they were happy than those with the lowest FL score. Three FL domains and total FL showed linear increases in overall happiness after controlling for subjective health status and sociodemographic factors (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for the related covariates, higher levels of FL were associated with higher scores in happiness. Based on this study, it would be meaningful to evaluate ways to intervene in FL to improve the level of happiness among the general population.

Evaluation on Development Performances of E-Commerce for 50 Major Cities in China (중국 주요 50개 도시의 전자상거래 발전성과에 대한 평가)

  • Jeong, Dong-Bin;Wang, Qiang
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2016
  • Purpose - In this paper, the degree of similarity and dissimilarity between pairs of 50 major cities in China can be shown on the basis of three evaluation variables(internet businessman index, internet shopping index and e-commerce development index). Dissimilarity distance matrix is used to analyze both similarity and dissimilarity between each fifty city in China by calculating dissimilarity as distance. Higher value signifies higher degree of dissimilarity between two cities. Cluster analysis is exploited to classify 50 cities into a number of different groups such that similar cities are placed in the same group. In addition, multidimensional scaling(MDS) technique can obtain visual representation for exploring the pattern of proximities among 50 major cities in China based on three development performance attributes. Research design, data, and methodology - This research is performed by the 2013 report provided with AliResearch in China(1/1/2013~11/30/2013) and utilized multivariate methods such as dissimilarity distance matrix, cluster analysis and MDS by using CLUSTER, KMEANS, PROXIMITIES and ALSCAL procedures in SPSS 21.0. Results - This research applies two types of cluster analysis and MDS on three development performances based on the 2013 report of Aliresearch. As a result, it is confirmed that grouping is possible by categorizing the types into four clusters which share similar characteristics. MDS is exploited to carry out positioning of both grouped locations of cluster and 50 major cities belonging to each cluster. Since all the values corresponding to Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hangzhou(which belong to cluster 1 among 50 major cities) are very large, these cities are superior to other cities in all three evaluation attributes. Twelve cities(Beijing, ShangHai, Jinghua, ZhuHai, XiaMen, SuZhou, NanJing, DongWan, ZhangShan, JiaXing, NingBo and FoShan), which belong to cluster 3, are inferior to those of cluster 1 in terms of all three attributes, but they can be expected to be the next e-commerce revolution. The rest of major cities, in particular, which belong to cluster 4 are relatively inferior in all three attributes, so that this automatically evokes creative innovation, which leads to e-commerce development as a whole in China. In terms of internet businessman index, on the other hand, Tainan, Taizhong, and Gaoxiong(which belong to cluster 2) are situated superior to others. However, these three cities are inferior to others in an internet shopping index sense. The rest of major cities, in particular, which belong to cluster 4 are relatively inferior in all three evaluation attributes, so that this automatically evokes innovation and entrepreneurship, which leads to e-commerce development as a whole in China. Conclusions - This study suggests the implications to help e-governmental officers and companies make strategies in both Korea and China. This is expected to give some useful information in understanding the recent situation of e-commerce in China, by looking over development performances of 50 major cities. Therefore, we should develop marketing, branding and communication relevant to online Chinese consumers. One of these efforts will be incentives like loyalty points and coupons that can encourage consumers and building in-house logistics networks.

Diet intervention to improve cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian postmenopausal women

  • Abedi, Parvin;Lee, Mary Huang-Soo;Kandiah, Mirnalini;Yassin, Zaitun;Shojaeezade, Davood;Hosseini, Mostafa;MSc, Reza Malihi
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.4 no.6
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    • pp.522-527
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    • 2010
  • Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability and remains so in the future. The aim of this study was to detect the impact of a 6-month diet intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal Iranian women. It was a randomized controlled trial that carried out in the East Health Clinic in Ahvaz-Iran. This study started on June 2007 and was completed on May 2008. A total 64 healthy postmenopausal women recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention group (35) and control (29). Over the six months follow-up, the intervention group received five educational sessions (two face to face and three lecture discussion classes with slide demonstration) at the first month. These sessions were about menopause, cardiovascular disease and healthy diet. Every participant in the intervention group received one face to face education session at the $3^{rd}$ month, and also received a telephone call at the end of each month starting with the second month to remain on the diet. Pre-intervention and post-intervention anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood lipids and dietary intake were assessed. Data analyzed using the SPSS version 15. Descriptive (means and SD), univariate (paired-t test, Chi-Square and Independent T-test) and multivariate (GLM Repeated Measure) statistics were used. Participants in the diet group had significantly lower weight (-0.9 kg), body mass index (-0.4 $kg/m^2$), and fasting blood sugar (-4.5 mg/dl). The diet group significantly increased their daily intake of fiber (+2.3 g, P=0.05), decreased their intake of sodium (-28 mg, P=0.04), and consumption of fruit and vegetable ${\geq}$ 5 serving a day (80%, P=0.03) compared to the control group. Post menopausal women are at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease. Healthy diet using educational intervention can be an effective means of reducing cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.

119 Rescuers' image of Citizens (일반시민의 119구급대원에 대한 이미지)

  • Uhm, Dong-Choon;Kim, Jin-Woo
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.2259-2266
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    • 2012
  • This study was analyzed the 119 rescuers' image of citizens to provide a fundamental material to improve 119 rescuers' image effectively. This research design was a descriptive study. Data were collected from November 9, 2011 to December 9, 2011, and analyzed by SPSS PASW statistics 18.0 program. Among the 4 subcategories of the image, occupational image was found the highest value($3.17{\pm}0.36$), and the social image($2.81{\pm}0.48$) was found the lowest. There were statistical different between age($p$ <.001), occupation($p$ <.001), whether or not the emergency first response education is completed($p$ <.05), and whether or not 119 emergency service is received($p$ <.05). In the result of multivariate regression analysis, adjusted $R^2$ value was 0.120. The model fit 12.0%. Occupation (students, housewives and office workers) and those who completed emergency first response education were showed a positive image of 119 rescuers. There is a need to compare and analyze the image of 119 rescuers in accordance with whether or not 119 emergency service is received and the satisfaction with the emergency service under the control of the general characteristics(sex, age, occupation, economic level, etc.) of subjects.

Robust determination of control parameters in K chart with respect to data structures (데이터 구조에 강건한 K 관리도의 관리 모수 결정)

  • Park, Ingkeun;Lee, Sungim
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.1353-1366
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    • 2015
  • These days Shewhart control chart for evaluating stability of the process is widely used in various field. But it must follow strict assumption of distribution. In real-life problems, this assumption is often violated when many quality characteristics follow non-normal distribution. Moreover, it is more serious in multivariate quality characteristics. To overcome this problem, many researchers have studied the non-parametric control charts. Recently, SVDD (Support Vector Data Description) control chart based on RBF (Radial Basis Function) Kernel, which is called K-chart, determines description of data region on in-control process and is used in various field. But it is important to select kernel parameter or etc. in order to apply the K-chart and they must be predetermined. For this, many researchers use grid search for optimizing parameters. But it has some problems such as selecting search range, calculating cost and time, etc. In this paper, we research the efficiency of selecting parameter regions as data structure vary via simulation study and propose a new method for determining parameters so that it can be easily used and discuss a robust choice of parameters for various data structures. In addition, we apply it on the real example and evaluate its performance.

A Study on the Characteristics of the Spatial Distribution of Sex Crimes: Spatial Analysis based on Environmental Criminology (성폭력 범죄의 공간적 분포 특성에 관한 연구: 환경범죄학에 기반한 공간 분석)

  • Lee, Gunhak;Jin, Chanwoo;Kim, Jiwoo;Kim, Wanhee
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.51 no.6
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    • pp.853-871
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    • 2016
  • The interest in the prevention of sex crimes and social secure is growing as the number of cases by sexual offences becomes higher. Although various punishable ways have been introduced so far, increasing sex crime is still going on. Thus, effectiveness of legal systems for preventing crimes is questionable. More recently, the approach for environmental criminology has been paid attention for reducing criminal opportunities through environmental design and management of crimes. This study attempts to look over the spatial distribution of sexual crimes in the context of environmental criminology, and examine the correlation between regional environmental factors and the occurrence of sexual crimes empirically. To do this, we visualized the map for sex crimes at the macro-scale and explored the spatial distribution of sexual crimes and spatial clusters based on various spatial statistics using sex crime data published online by the ministry of gender equality and family. Also, we derived the environmental characteristics of sexual crimes by multivariate regression analysis on a large number of explanatory variables of regional environment. Our results will help to understand the current situation and spatial aspects of sex crimes in the nation more realistically. Further, it is respected that our results might be useful basic information for establishing regional policies and plans for the prevention of the sexual crime and enhanced public policing.

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