• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.636-643
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• 2009

This research was to find out what impacts do selection attributes of Jeju local folklore food by Jeju tourists provide on their behaviors. Multiple regression analysis was carried out using statistics package of SPSS+/WIN 12.0 to find out impacts of selection attribute factors of Jeju local folklore food on customers' satisfaction, re-visit, and intention by word of mouth. As the results, for factors with statistically meaningful impacts at the level of meaningfulness (p<0.05); level of satisfaction showed regression coefficient of 0.476 and t value of 5.198 in essential factors; auxiliary factors showed regression coefficient of 0.232 and t value of 2.808; and sensual (five senses) factors showed regression coefficient of 0.165 and t-value of 2.013. Also, for re-visit, essential factors showed impacts with regression coefficient of 0.413 and t-value of 3.540; factors of menu composition showed regression coefficient of 0.228 and t-value of 3.118; and auxiliary factors showed regression coefficient of 0.218 and t-value of 2.643. In positive word of mouth factors, auxiliary factors showed impacts with regression coefficient of 0.273 and t-value of 2.555; sensual (five senses) factors showed regression coefficient of 0.264 and t-value of 2.238; essential factor showed regression coefficient of 0.237 and t-value of 2.230 and factors of menu composition showed regression coefficient of 0.161 and t-value of 2.167. Therefore, in customer behaviors (customer satisfaction, re-visit, and positive word of mouth) regarding Jeju local folklore food by tourists who visited Jeju, local folklore and cultures did not impact on customer behaviors; also, it can suggested this thesis is meaningful as a study proving that the best marketing is focus on essential substances of food as indicated in existing researches.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.255-283
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• 2019

This study conducted a survey of 315 facility security workers in Daejeon, South Chungcheong Province and Gyeonggi Province for about a week from August 7 to August 13, 2019 to identify the impact of work environment and job stress on job satisfaction, and finally collected 293 of the total 315 parts of the data, excluding non-response and inappropriate responses. The STATA 14.2 Statistical Package Program was used for analysis of the collected data, frequency analysis was performed to determine the distribution ratio of the subjects, and reliability analysis and correlation analysis were performed with respect to the established key variables. Next, t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to verify differences in work environment, task stress and task satisfaction factors according to demographic characteristics, and the results were as follows: There were differences in work environment, job stress and job satisfaction recognition depending on demographic characteristics. In detail, the factors for the work environment indicated significant differences in age, academic background, number of years of service, wages and types of service in the recognition of the work environment. Job stress factors indicated significant differences in age, education, wages and types of service in job stress recognition. In job satisfaction factors, age, academic background, number of years of service and wages (monthly benefits) showed significant differences in job satisfaction recognition. In addition, the results of multiple regression analyses to identify the working environment, job stress, and job satisfaction are as follows. The working environment has had a positive impact on job satisfaction, and the better the job environment, promotion and organizational characteristics, the higher the job satisfaction. It has been shown that job stress has had a negative impact on job satisfaction, conflict of relationship (promoting colleagues). job autonomy increases job satisfaction, and job satisfaction decreases when job requirements and job insecurity increase. In terms of the impact of work environment on job satisfaction, the higher the work promotion, job environment and organizational characteristics, the higher the job satisfaction level, the report showed. According to these studies, the better the working environment, the lower the job stress, and the lower the job stress, the higher the job satisfaction. In addition, the better the working environment, the more satisfied the job was found to be, and the empirical research result was verified that improvement of the working environment of security workers can reduce job stress and improve job satisfaction through improvement of the working environment.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.31-43
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• 2022

Startups are recognized as the vitality of the economy, and countries are competing to attract competitive overseas entrepreneurs and startups to their own startup ecosystem. In this global trend, entrepreneurs cross the border without hesitation, expecting abundant available resources and a startup friendly environment. Despite the increasing frequency of start-up migration between countries, studies related to this are very rare. Therefore, this study has chosen the cross-border migration of startups between countries as a research topic, and those who have been involved in the cross-border entrepreneurial migration to South Korea as a research sample. This study consists of two stages. The first research stage hires a Delphi method to collect expert opinions and find major factors related to the global startup migration. Drawing on the prior literature on the regional startup ecosystem at the national level, this stage is to conduct expert interviews in order to discover underlying factors and subfactors important for global migration of startups. The second stage measures the importance of the factors and subfactors using the AHP model. The priorities of factors and factors were identified hiring the overseas entrepreneurs who moved to Korea as the AHP survey samples. The results of this study suggest some interesting implications. First, a group of entrepreneurs with nomadic tendencies was found in the trend of global migration of entrepreneurs. They had already started their own businesses with the same business ideas in multiple countries before settling down in Korea. Second, important unique factors and subfactors in the context of global start-up migration were identified. A good example is the government's support package, including start-up visas. Third, it was possible to know the priority of the factors and subfactors that influence the global migration of startups This study is meaningful in that it preemptively conducted exploratory research focusing on a relatively new phenomenon of global startup migration, which recently catches attention in the global startup ecosystem. At the same time, it has a limitation in that it is difficult to generalize the meanings found in this study because the research was conducted based on the case of South Korea

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.55-73
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• 2007

Festivals are an indispensable feature of cultural tourism(Formica & Uysal, 1998). Cultural tourism festivals are increasingly being used as instruments promoting tourism and boosting the regional economy. So much research related to festivals is undertaken from a variety of perspectives. Plans to revisit a particular festival have been viewed as an important research topic both in academia and the tourism industry. Therefore festivals have frequently been leveled as cultural events. Cultural tourism festivals have become a crucial component in constituting the attractiveness of tourism destinations(Prentice, 2001). As a result, a considerable number of tourist studies have been carried out in diverse cultural tourism festivals(Backman et al., 1995; Crompton & Mckay, 1997; Park, 1998; Clawson & Knetch, 1996). Much of previous literature empirically shows the close linkage between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention in festivals. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals on satisfaction and behavioral intention. accomplish the research objective, to find out evaluation items of cultural tourism festivals through the literature study an empirical study. Using a varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization, the research obtained four factors in the 18 evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals. Some empirical studies have examined the relationship between behavioral intention and actual behavior. To understand between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention, this study suggests five hypotheses and hypothesized model. In this study, the analysis is based on primary data collected from visitors who participated in '2006 Gwangju Kimchi Festival'. In total, 700 self-administered questionnaires were distributed and 561 usable questionnaires were obtained. Respondents were presented with the 18 satisfactions item on a scale from 1(strongly disagree) to 7(strongly agree). Dimensionality and stability of the scale were evaluated by a factor analysis with varimax rotation. Four factors emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, which explained 66.40% of the total variance and Cronbach' alpha raging from 0.876 to 0.774. And four factors named: advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. To test and estimate the hypothesized model, a two-step approach with an initial measurement model and a subsequent structural model for Structural Equation Modeling was used. The AMOS 4.0 analysis package was used to conduct the analysis. In estimating the model, the maximum likelihood procedure was used.In this study Chi-square test is used, which is the most common model goodness-of-fit test. In addition, considering the literature about the Structural Equation Modeling, this study used, besides Chi-square test, more model fit indexes to determine the tangibility of the suggested model: goodness-of-fit index(GFI) and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA) as absolute fit indexes; normed-fit index(NFI) and non-normed-fit index(NNFI) as incremental fit indexes. The results of T-test and ANOVAs revealed significant differences(0.05 level), therefore H1(Tourist Satisfaction level should be different from Demographic traits) are supported. According to the multiple Regressions analysis and AMOS, H2(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on revisit intention), H3(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on word of mouth), H4(Evaluation Attributes of cultural tourism festivals influences on Tourist Satisfaction), and H5(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on Behavioral Intention) are also supported. As the conclusion of this study are as following: First, there were differences in satisfaction levels in accordance with the demographic information of visitors. Not all visitors had the same degree of satisfaction with their cultural tourism festival experience. Therefore it is necessary to understand the satisfaction of tourists if the experiences that are provided are to meet their expectations. So, in making festival plans, the organizer should consider the demographic variables in explaining and segmenting visitors to cultural tourism festival. Second, satisfaction with attributes of evaluation cultural tourism festivals had a significant direct impact on visitors' intention to revisit such festivals and the word of mouth publicity they shared. The results indicated that visitor satisfaction is a significant antecedent of their intention to revisit such festivals. Festival organizers should strive to forge long-term relationships with the visitors. In addition, it is also necessary to understand how the intention to revisit a festival changes over time and identify the critical satisfaction factors. Third, it is confirmed that behavioral intention was enhanced by satisfaction. The strong link between satisfaction and behavioral intentions of visitors areensured by high quality advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. Thus, examining revisit intention from a time viewpoint may be of a great significance for both practical and theoretical reasons. Additionally, festival organizers should give special attention to visitor satisfaction, as satisfied visitors are more likely to return sooner. The findings of this research have several practical implications for the festivals managers. The promotion of cultural festivals should be based on the understanding of tourist satisfaction for the long- term success of tourism. And this study can help managers carry out this task in a more informed and strategic manner by examining the effects of demographic traits on the level of tourist satisfaction and the behavioral intention. In other words, differentiated marketing strategies should be stressed and executed by relevant parties. The limitations of this study are as follows; the results of this study cannot be generalized to other cultural tourism festivals because we have not explored the many different kinds of festivals. A future study should be a comparative analysis of other festivals of different visitor segments. Also, further efforts should be directed toward developing more comprehensive temporal models that can explain behavioral intentions of tourists.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.111-136
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a methodology to extract answer information about queries from various types of unstructured documents collected from multi-sources existing on web in order to expand knowledge base. The proposed methodology is divided into the following steps. 1) Collect relevant documents from Wikipedia, Naver encyclopedia, and Naver news sources for "subject-predicate" separated queries and classify the proper documents. 2) Determine whether the sentence is suitable for extracting information and derive the confidence. 3) Based on the predicate feature, extract the information in the proper sentence and derive the overall confidence of the information extraction result. In order to evaluate the performance of the information extraction system, we selected 400 queries from the artificial intelligence speaker of SK-Telecom. Compared with the baseline model, it is confirmed that it shows higher performance index than the existing model. The contribution of this study is that we develop a sequence tagging model based on bi-directional LSTM-CRF using the predicate feature of the query, with this we developed a robust model that can maintain high recall performance even in various types of unstructured documents collected from multiple sources. The problem of information extraction for knowledge base extension should take into account heterogeneous characteristics of source-specific document types. The proposed methodology proved to extract information effectively from various types of unstructured documents compared to the baseline model. There is a limitation in previous research that the performance is poor when extracting information about the document type that is different from the training data. In addition, this study can prevent unnecessary information extraction attempts from the documents that do not include the answer information through the process for predicting the suitability of information extraction of documents and sentences before the information extraction step. It is meaningful that we provided a method that precision performance can be maintained even in actual web environment. The information extraction problem for the knowledge base expansion has the characteristic that it can not guarantee whether the document includes the correct answer because it is aimed at the unstructured document existing in the real web. When the question answering is performed on a real web, previous machine reading comprehension studies has a limitation that it shows a low level of precision because it frequently attempts to extract an answer even in a document in which there is no correct answer. The policy that predicts the suitability of document and sentence information extraction is meaningful in that it contributes to maintaining the performance of information extraction even in real web environment. The limitations of this study and future research directions are as follows. First, it is a problem related to data preprocessing. In this study, the unit of knowledge extraction is classified through the morphological analysis based on the open source Konlpy python package, and the information extraction result can be improperly performed because morphological analysis is not performed properly. To enhance the performance of information extraction results, it is necessary to develop an advanced morpheme analyzer. Second, it is a problem of entity ambiguity. The information extraction system of this study can not distinguish the same name that has different intention. If several people with the same name appear in the news, the system may not extract information about the intended query. In future research, it is necessary to take measures to identify the person with the same name. Third, it is a problem of evaluation query data. In this study, we selected 400 of user queries collected from SK Telecom 's interactive artificial intelligent speaker to evaluate the performance of the information extraction system. n this study, we developed evaluation data set using 800 documents (400 questions * 7 articles per question (1 Wikipedia, 3 Naver encyclopedia, 3 Naver news) by judging whether a correct answer is included or not. To ensure the external validity of the study, it is desirable to use more queries to determine the performance of the system. This is a costly activity that must be done manually. Future research needs to evaluate the system for more queries. It is also necessary to develop a Korean benchmark data set of information extraction system for queries from multi-source web documents to build an environment that can evaluate the results more objectively.