• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The paper focuses on a type of mathematics competence noted as synthetic. It is needed for success in multiple choice competition problems and it is crucial for the further development of advanced school students. The concept of synthetic competence includes a large fraction of mathematical competences, but also competences and skills related to informatics and linguistics. The general structure of a multiple choice competition is considered as the first level of assessment of the mathematics component of the synthetic competence. As the second level under consideration is the set of complex tasks in a competition test any of which is a bouquet of ideas. Our standpoint on the didactic specifics and goals of the two levels in perspective of the gifted education is briefly presented in the article and some examples are given.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.140-150
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine affecting the addictive buying behavior toward fashion luxury products. 227 female college students were who purchased fashion luxury products surveyed for this study. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regression were used. As the results, addictive buying toward luxury products was classified into three factors: impulse addictive, money addictive, and psychological addictive. Also, consumers' individuality pursuit was classified into four factors: unique choice, non-similarity choice, individual choice and non-social interest. Multiple regression results revealed that impulse buying, stress, and unique choice accounted for 38% of the explained variance in addictive buying toward luxury products. Also, regression results indicated that impulse buying, stress, unique choice and reference group accounted for 38% of the explained variance in impulse addictive buying. Finally, regression results pointed out that unique choice and impulse accounted 24% of the explained variance in psychological addictive buying. Based on these results, fashion social responsibility marketing strategies would be suggested.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

이 연구는 과잉효능감과 과잉확신이 선다형과 서답형 평가에서 어떻게 나타나는지에 조사하였다. 이 연구를 위하여 204명의 여자중학교 학생들이 참여하였다. 선다형과 서답형으로 된 광합성 개념에 대한 검사도구를 사용하였으며, 각 문항마다 자신의 효능감과 확신을 척도로 나타나게 하였다. 연구결과 선다형과 서답형의 상관관계는 0.5가 채 되지 않았으며, 학생들이 생각하는 자신의 문제 해결 능력(효능감)과 실제 능력 간의 상관관계 역시 0.45가 되지 않았다. 학생들은 선다형 문제 해결 과정에서 지식에 대한 확신을 높이는 경향을 보였다. 선다형 문항을 먼저 수행한 집단에서는 그렇지 않은 집단에 비하여 과잉효능감과 과잉확신의 비율이 더 높게 나타났다. 이 연구 결과는 학생들을 평가하는 과정에서 서답형의 사용을 늘릴 것을 제언한다. 또한 두 형태의 검사도구를 동시에 사용하게 될 경우 선다형 검사도구를 사후에 사용하여 학생들이 적절한 수준의 효능감과 확신을 유지할 수 있도록 해야 될 것이다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.257-281
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• 2024

In real life, a decision-maker can assign multiple values for pairwise comparison with a certain confidence level. Studies incorporating multi-choice parameters in multi-criteria decision-making methods are lacking in the literature. So, In this work, an extension of the Best-Worst Method (BWM) with multi-choice pairwise comparisons and multi-choice confidence parameters has been proposed. This work incorporates an extension to the original BWM with multi-choice uncertainty and confidence level. The BWM presumes the Decision-Maker to be fully confident about preference criteria vectors best to others & others to worst. In the proposed work, we consider uncertainty by giving decision-makers freedom to have multiple choices for preference comparison and having a corresponding confidence degree for each choice. This adds one more parameter corresponding to the degree of confidence of each choice to the already existing MCDM, i.e. multi-choice BWM and yields acceptable results similar to other studies. Also, the consistency ratio remained low within the acceptable range. Two real-life case studies are presented to validate our study on proposed models.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

학생의 능력을 정확하게 파악하기 위하여 다양한 문항들이 평가도구로 사용되었다. 그 중에 선다형 문항은 채점에 있어서 객관성과 신뢰성이 높다는 이점이 있지만 추측의 요인을 제거할 수 없다. 본 논문은 선다형 문항을 질문지와 선택지 사이의 관계에 따라 2개의 유형으로 분류하였다. 하나는 선택지 k개에 대해 추측의 확률이 1/k인 기존의 고전검사이론에서 사용하는 유형이며 다른 하나는 부분적 지식이라는 개념을 도입한 유형이다, 제안한 유형에서 부분적 지식의 개수가 i일 때 추측의 확률을 (i+1)/k인 유형이다. 기존 이론에서의 문항 추측도를 기초하여 제안된 유형에 대한 문항 추측도를 유도하였다. 이를 기존의 유형과 제안된 유형에서 추측이 정답에 미치는 영향을 상호 분석하였다. 이는 제안된 유형이 기존의 유형보다 문항 추측도가 더 크다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.489-503
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• 2008

대학수학에서 배우는 여러 가지 수학적 개념을 이해하는데 좋은 문제를 통해 도움을 주고 평가에서 공정성을 확보하기 위해 문제풀이에서 개념을 이용하는 능력과 개념에 대한 이해를 조사하는 문제의 예를 미분적분학 문제로 세 가지 유형을 다루었다. 잘못 만들어진 단답형문제와 선다형문제의 예를 제시하고 또 증명문제의 경우를 포함하여 선다형문제를 잘 만드는 방법에 대해 알아보고 최선의 문제가 되도록 노력을 하고 개념의 이해를 도와주며 최선의 문제가 될 수 있도록 더 많은 연구가 이루어지고 학생들에 대한 조사를 시도하여 그 결과를 분석하고 더 정선된 문제를 얻도록 노력을 한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2014

Purpose - This study investigated the main variables of consumer food choice motive and how they affect attitude and purchase intention toward organic foods. The study involved a multiple regression analysis to verify the influence of food choice motive on attitude toward organic food. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - Data was collected through surveys of 280 students and ordinary citizens in Seoul and the Gyeonggi region, using sampling. A multiple regression analysis was performed to confirm the impact of food choice motive on attitude toward organic food, and a regression analysis was performed to identify the impact of attitude toward organic food on purchase intention. Results - Health and environment, among food choice motives, had significant positive influence on attitude toward organic food, whereas convenience, price, and familiarity had no impact. Attitude toward organic food had significant positive influence on organic food purchase intention. Conclusions - As this study identified the impact of organic food choice motive, it may provide baseline data for marketing strategies, to understand consumer attitude toward organic food and purchase intention, and to satisfy consumer needs.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.3-8
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• 1983

The multiple choice knapsack problem is modified. To solve this modified multiple choice knapsack problem, Lagrangian relaxation is used, and to take advantage of the special structure of subproblems obtained by decomposing this relaxed Lagrangian problem, a modified ranking algorithm is used. The K best rank order solutions obtained from each subproblem as a result of applying modified ranking algorithm are used to formulate restricted problems of the original problem. The optimality for the original problem of solutions obtained from the restricted problems is judged from the upper bound and lower bounds calculated iteratively from the relaxed problem and restricted problems, respectively.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.396-403
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• 2014

The multi-divisional knapsack problem is defined as a binary knapsack problem where each mutually exclusive division has its own capacity. In this paper, we present an extension of the multi-divisional knapsack problem that has generalized multiple-choice constraints. We explore the linear programming relaxation (P) of this extended problem and identify some properties of problem (P). Then, we develop a transformation which converts the problem (P) into an LP knapsack problem and derive the optimal solutions of problem (P) from those of the converted LP knapsack problem. The solution procedures have a worst case computational complexity of order $O(n^2{\log}\;n)$, where n is the total number of variables. We illustrate a numerical example and discuss some variations of problem (P).

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

The multiple-choice multidimensional knapsack problem (MMKP) is a variant of the well known 0-1 knapsack problem, which is known as an NP-hard problem. This paper proposes a method for solving the MMKP using the integer programming-based local search (IPbLS). IPbLS is a kind of a local search and uses integer programming to generate a neighbor solution. The most important thing in IPbLS is the way to select items participating in the next integer programming step. In this paper, three ways to select items are introduced and compared on 37 well-known benchmark data instances. Experimental results shows that the method using linear programming is the best for the MMKP. It also shows that the proposed method can find the equal or better solutions than the best known solutions in 23 data instances, and the new better solutions in 13 instances.