• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2001

Value Engineering (VE) is an organized process with an impressive history of improving value and quality. VE can be applied to the construction projects with having good study results. The VE study in construction projects gives identification of opportunities to remove unnecessary costs while assuring quality, performance, reliability, and other factors will meet or exceed the clients needs. VE techniques can save money, reduce time, and improve quality, reliability, maintainability, and performance. VE can also make improving of human factors (altitudes, creativity), and team work. According to the results of VE study in recent USA, 5∼35% reduction in initial costs have been made for the construction projects (ROI ranges : 100∼1000). To have successful work results, if possible, VE study shall be considered at project planning stage or basic design stage later than field work stage with application of VE JOB PLAN, multi-disciplinary approach, and proper techniques in respective study phases (pre-workshop / information gathering / function analysis / creativity / judgement and evaluation / development / presentation and implementation) among the detail techniques in many.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.67-78
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to examine the trends of mobile-health research in terms of community participation. Methods: A set of 24 peer-reviewed articles were identified for review. Two authors independently reviewed the articles using a literature review matrix and reexamined as a team. Review categories include: general characteristics, research methods, levels and ranges of community participation, and research topics. Results: Most of the articles were published in 2013-2014, including one domestic paper. Multidisciplinary approaches were used in 65% of the studies. Community participation was at low or mid-levels of Arnstein's participation model. In mobile-health research so far, the level of participation tends to improve as more diverse stakeholders participate in health promotion initiatives with mobile-health. The review yielded five types of mobile-health research for community health promotion: improving the quality of primary healthcare through the community health workers' capacity enhancement; improving the data collection capabilities; facilitating exchanges of community information and resources; reinforcing community identity; and monitoring physical environment of the communities. Conclusions: Although at an early stage of research development, application of mobile-health to community health promotion via participation has a potential. Multi-disciplinary approaches should be fostered for further development.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.617-621
• /
• 2007

최근 관심을 받고 있는 지속가능한 하천관리는 과거에 이루어졌던 이수 및 치수중심의 하천관리와 90년대 고조된 자연형 하천관리에서 진일보된 하천관리로써, 전체적인 하천시스템을 고려하여 자연과 인간이 함께 하천을 공유할 수 있도록 하기 위한 것이다. 환경유량은 이를 위한 필수적인 요소이며 하천 시스템에 절대적인 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 환경유량 산정시에는 하천의 특정 분야만 고려했던 과거와는 달리, 이 치수, 어류, 식생, 저서생물 등 하천의 전체시스템을 고려하여야 한다. 이를 위해 대상 지역의 전체적인 개황을 조사하고 환경유량 산정시 우선적으로 고려되어야 하는 영향인자를 결정하게 되는데 이때 각 분야의 전문가적 견해가 요구되어진다. 하천에 대한 전체적인 시스템 분석은 매우 다양한 방법으로 수행 될 수 있는데 하천의 유황변화, 하도의 변화, 하천을 중심으로 하는 수생 동식물의 변화, 하천에 설치된 수공구조물의 변화 등 여러 분야에 걸쳐 다양한 자료의 수집과 연계분석이 이루어져야 한다. 하천 생태계를 구성하는 가장 기본적인 환경유량의 파악은 이러한 다양한 분야의 연계 분석을 통해 이루어지며, 하천특성에 맞는 적절한 환경유량은 손상된 하천 생태계를 회복하는 근간이 될 수 있다. 환경유량의 영향인자를 결정하기 위해 현장답사를 통한 조사 분석이 수행되는데, 지금까지는 특정분야의 특정 전문가가 현장답사를 실시하고 특정 전문가의 견해에서 결과분석이 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 최근 선진국에서는 다학제간 전문가 그룹(Multi-disciplinary Expert Team, MET)을 통해 하천의 전체 생태시스템을 고려하여 환경유량을 산정하고 이를 유지할 수 있는 방안을 마련하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 금강유역의 환경유량을 산정하기 위하여 다학제간 전문가그룹의 접근방법을 구축하고 하천, 수질, 식생, 어류, 저서생물 등 각 분야별로 국내외의 전문가가 참여하는 MET를 구성하였다. 환경유량 산정을 위한 금강유역의 현장답사에 있어 MET의 기능과 역할을 분석하였으며 현장답사를 통해 금강유역의 전반적인 하천환경을 조사 분석하고 상호간 의견 교환을 통해 도출한 답사결과를 환경유량 산정에 적용하는데 있어 구성된 MET의 기능 및 역할을 현장답사 내용을 중심으로 분석하였다.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2009

Most of the volunteering and community service had no direct link with classroom learning. Service-learning educational methodology that directly and intentionally integrates the classroom learning with service to the community. Research has found that this combination can improve the academic learning of the course material, give participants a deeper understanding of the social issues they address and provide valuable community services. And, service-learning has been offend environment to meet many of the KEC 2005 criteria that many be difficult to integrate into traditional engineering course. In studying, recognizing why service learning is a new attempt what is different form other learning experiences, we would like to search management strategies for service learning course and program development.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.647-660
• /
• 2001

Forming health care management model in small-scale enterprises was the purpose of this study. For the purpose, we tried to investigate the characteristics of small-scale enterprises and analyzed the pattern of their health care management. The results are as follow: 1. The strength of health managing agency and technical supporting program lies in team approach by specialized manpower. However, if the liaison between each part of the organization is not smooth, the overall management will be very difficult. 2. Small scale enterprises are characterized by their short life after the establishment, use of rental building, lack of welfare facilities, weakness in sanitary management and aggregation of factories of similar type of industry. Because of these characteristics, it is very difficult to solve problem basically, such as improvement of working environment. Therefore, it is important to focus on health education and community based approach. 3. Many workers in small-scale factories are in middle and old age. They have health problems mainly related to personal habits. Implementation of an appropriate health promotion program is needed. 4. The number of workplaces, which should be managed by health managing agent. is increasing rapidly. But the number of health managing agent is limited. In the aspect of the requirement of manpower and equipment, training personal agent is more urgent than founding institutional agent. 5. The uniform method of health management hampers the choice of employer and workers. The types of provision of health management should be diversified. 6. For an efficient management, a frequent visit of personal agent and the following referral to a specialist should be done. The specialists in charge of secondary management are from the field of occupational medicine, occupational hygiene, ergonomics, etc. 7. The health management of small-scale facilities should have six components. They are community-based approach, multi-disciplinary cooperative system, program based on the need of recipient, forming partnership of employer and worker, change of lifestyle, and evidence-based program.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.267-284
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study are 1. Evaluate the degree of knowledge of Vaginal Birth After Cesarean(VBAC) of Korean nurses. 2. To gather and develop educational material for VBAC. The sample was surveyed Korean Nurses knowledge about VBAC, from November 1998 through March 1999. For the data analysis, the SPSS computer program percentage and frequency were used for descriptive statistics. The x2 and the t-test were used to compare the results of the two sample groups. Open questions asked in the survey were sorted out by content, then displayed in chart form. For the education material, the Internet was the main source of information. Information on the Internet was provided by professional doctors and prenatal educational nurses. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. Out of 97 Nurses 15.3% answered that cesarean deliveries do not need to be performed after previous cesarean sections : however. 46.4% answered that cesarean sections must be performed after previous cesarean sections. 2. Of the nurses surveyed 14% had no knowledge or had never heard of VBAC. 3 Nurses did not have questions from patients concerning VBAC was 34.7%. This led to the conclusion that patients either do not have knowledge about VBAC or patients have no interest in the trial of labor. 4, Nurses indicated that their information about VBAC originated from other people's experiences (31%), Nursing School (25%), Media information (9%), and through literature review (6%). This data led to the conclusion that the knowledge about VBAC may not be extensive enough to counsel and guide patients who are willing to endure the trial of labor. 5. Nurses preferred hospital education programs to develop their knowledge concerning VBAC. Based upon survey, the conclusion was made that General Nurses and Maternity Nurses did not have knowledge about VBAC success rates and the possibility of a trial of labor. In order for nurses to help patients make decisions concerning VBAC, nurses have to gam more knowledge through hospital educational programs. Further more, the study suggests that through hospital educational programs, the possibility and importance of VBAC must be emphasized to nurses who work in maternity areas. Second, through prenatal educational programs, the possibility and importance of VBAC must be explained and emphasized to patients who had previous cesarean sections. Third, the clinical pathways of VBAC need to be developed. Fourth, each hospital needs to develop multi-disciplinary teams, consis-ting of obstetricians, risk management/quality management, staff registered nurses, and the director for perinatal services. This team can review cesarean section rates and help to increase the practice of VBAC.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.254-260
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Ongoing treatment and care, as well as initial stabilization, are required for trauma patients. With increasing number of sickest trauma patients and shortage of surgeons, the need for advanced practice nurse to provide and coordinate trauma care has been greater. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of hiring a trauma clinical nurse specialist and its influence on the treatment of trauma patients. Methods: Based on the employment of the clinical nurse specialist in December 2010, the patients were divided into two groups: patients admitted from January 1, 2010 to November 30, 2010 and patients admitted from December 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011. Retrospectively, data were collected using electronic medical records. The general characteristics, clinical courses, and ICU re-admission rates, collaboration (transfers to other departments and collaborative surgery) were compared. Results: To have a clinical nurse specialist on the trauma team resulted in a statistically significant reductions in the length of general ward hospital stay (p<0.05), the ICU re-admission rate, (p<0.03), the lead-time before transfer to other departments (p<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical nurse specialist, as a professional practitioner, improved the quality of treatment through early detection and management of problems. In addition, as a coordinator, the clinical nurse specialist maintained a cooperative relationship with multi-disciplinary medical personnel. The trauma clinical nurse specialist contributed to the treatment of trauma patients positively through a decrease in ICU re-admission rate and length of hospital stay.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.622-627
• /
• 2007

최근 하천의 모습은 이수 및 치수를 위해 설치된 수공구조물과 각종 오염원으로 인한 수질악화, 산업화 및 도시화에 따른 물순환시스템의 변화로 하천의 물순환 시스템이 바뀌게 되고 하천을 찾는 시민들의 환경의식 미성숙으로 인한 직간접적인 하천오염 활동이 이루어지고 있다. 하천에 대한 이러한 변화는 수질, 수량 및 하천의 구조적 측면에서 하천 생태계에 많은 영향을 끼치고 있다. 따라서 하천의 정상적인 기능을 회복시켜 하천 생태계 보전과 환경적으로 안정된 하천 조성이 이루어지도록 하기 위해서는 하천을 보다 자연스럽고 지속적으로 관리하기 위한 효율적인 환경유량의 관리가 필요하다. 하천의 전체적인 생태시스템을 고려한 환경유량의 관리를 위해서는 기존 환경유량의 개념, 산정방법 등 현황을 분석하고 하천 생태계에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대한 관리방안을 마련하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구의 목표는 하천생태계에 대한 영향인자의 장단점을 분석하고 이들이 어느 정도의 영향을 미치고 있는지를 정량적으로 파악함으로써 사회적으로 요구되는 환경유량을 산정할 때 어류 및 식생 등 하천의 생태계와 하천의 수량 및 수질, 하천의 수리구조물 등 하천의 구조적인 변화를 고려할 수 있는 방안을 마련하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 우선적으로 국외 선진국에서 활용되고 있는 다학제간 전문가 그룹(Multi-disciplinary Expert Team, MET)을 통해 하천 생태시스템을 분석하고 환경유량 산정 모형을 활용하여 저수지 댐과 연계 운영함으로써 어류 및 식생 등 생태서식처와 사회환경 개선에 필요한 유량을 유지할 수 있는 방안을 적용하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 대상유역인 금강유역에 대해 환경유량을 산정하기 위한 개념모형을 구축하였다. 개념모형은 대청댐 건설 이전, 대청댐 건설이후${\sim}$용담댐 건설 이전, 대청댐과 용담댐 건설 이후 등 3개의 시나리오를 통해 하도 및 수변공간과 유량변화에 따른 유황분석 등을 통해 손실된 생태시스템을 정량화하여 궁극적으로는 복원을 위한 대응방안을 마련하도록 할 수 있도록 구축되었다. 또한 댐으로 인한 하류지역의 영향범위 및 하천생태계에 미친 영향을 감소하기 위하여 적절한 환경유량을 산정하기 위한 것이다. 구축된 개념모형을 바탕으로, 금강유역에 대한 기초적인 수문, 하천특성, 현장조사 등을 실시하였다. 향후에는 본 연구결과를 기초로 하여 환경유량을 산정하기 위한 모형을 개발하고 산정된 환경유량을 확보 및 관리하기 위한 방안과 친환경적인 댐 운영방안을 마련하게 될 것이다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.186-192
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the trend of the literature reported in the Journal of Korean Gastric Cancer Association (JKGCA) and the Journal of Korean Surgical Society (JKSS) in order to suggest new directions for the future studies on gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The papers published in the Journal of Korean Gastric Cancer Association (JKGCA) and the Journal of Korean Surgical Society (JKSS) between 2001 and 2008 were compared and summarized in terms of the following categories, retrospective study, prospective study, case report, biomolecular study, genetic study, tumor marker study, review article, and report. Results: For recent 8 years, while the number of review articles in JKSS had initially increased, gradually fallen down and recently increased again, only a few (only 6 publications) in JKGCA have been published. The number of case reports in JKSS has gradually increased and fallen down. On the other hand, a few of case reports (1~3 publications) has been annually published in JKSS. Uniquely, reports were published only in JKGCA with the noticeable increase during the period from 2004 to 2005. For retrospective studies, in JKGCA the number started off very high and decreased, and finally increased again (U-shaped), whereas it had a bell-shaped trend in JKSS. The number of prospective studies in JKGCA had a bell-shaped trend, but the one in JKSS continued to decrease. Few papers of molecular biologic study, tumor marker study and genetic study had been published in both journals. Conclusion: We concluded that the transition from retrospective studies to prospective studies as well as a comprehensive multi-disciplinary team management of a clinical research would represent a desirable strategy in gastric cancer research.