• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.447-463
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of copal varnish and five bonding agents(Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus Dental Adhesive System, Panavia 21, All Bond 2, Superbond D-Liner II plus, Fuji Duet) in reducing microleakage under amalgam restorations. Class V cavity were prepared on both buccal and lingual surface of sixty extracted human molars with cementum margin and were filled with different kinds of liners and amalgam. All teeth were stored at $37^{\circ}C$ in physiologic saline solution. After 1 week they were thermally stressed for 500 cycles between 5 and $55^{\circ}C$ in baths containing 0.5 % basic fuchsin dye. The dye penetrations were observed with a stereomicroscope. Scanning electron micrographs were taken of representative tooth sections from each group to assess the nature of the tooth/liner/amalgam interface. The statistical test were applied to the results using a one way analysis variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test. The results were as follows ; 1. In all groups, the enamel margin showed significantly lower leakage value than the cementum margin (p<0.05). 2. At the dentin and enamel margins, the leakage value of Copalite-lined group showed significantly higher than that of no liner group (p<0.05), but showed significantly lower than that of bonding agent lined-groups (p<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the bonding agent lined-groups (p>0.05). 4. On the backscattered scanning electron microscopy observation, discontinuous gaps were observed between amalgam and dentin in the bonding agent-lined amalgam restorations and the bonding agents appeared to fill the gap space and were mixed with amalgam particles. At the amalgam/tooth interface, unsealed dentin and continuous gaps were found in both unlined and Copalite-lined restorations.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.171-180
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• 2020

Smart Factory consists of digital automation solutions throughout the production process, including design, development, manufacturing and distribution, and it is an intelligent factory that installs IoT in its internal facilities and machines to collect process data in real time and analyze them so that it can control itself. The smart factory's equipment works in a physical combination of numerous hardware, rather than a virtual character being driven by a single object, such as a game. In other words, for a specific common goal, multiple devices must perform individual actions simultaneously. By taking advantage of the smart factory, which can collect process data in real time, if reinforcement learning is used instead of general machine learning, behavior control can be performed without the required training data. However, in the real world, it is impossible to learn more than tens of millions of iterations due to physical wear and time. Thus, this paper uses simulators to develop grid sortation systems focusing on transport facilities, one of the complex environments in smart factory field, and design cooperative multi-agent-based reinforcement learning to demonstrate efficient behavior control.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.290-297
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• 2002

The appearance of web technology has accelerated the role of the application of multimedia technology, computer communication technology and multimedia application contents. Recently WBI model which is based on web has been proposed in the part of the new activity model of teaching-teaming. How to learn and evaluate is required to consider individual learner's learning level. And it is recognized that the needs of the efficient and automated education agents in the web-based instruction is increased But many education systems that had been studied recently did not service fluently the courses which learners had been wanting and could not provide the way for the learners to study the learning weakness which is observed in the continuous feedback of the course. In this paper we propose design of multi-module system for course scheduling of learner-oriented using weakness analysis algorithm. First proposed system monitors learner's behaviors constantly, evaluates them, and calculates his accomplishment and weakness. From this weakness the multi-agent prepares the learner a suitable course environment to strengthen his weakness. Then the learner achieves an active and complete teaming from the repeated and suitable course.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.5
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• pp.571-578
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• 2003

The appearnace of web technology has accelerated the development of the multimedia technology, the computer communication technology and the multimedia application contents. Researches on WBI(Web-based Instruction) system have combined the technology of the digital library and LOD,. REcently WBI(Web-based Instruction) model which is based on web has been proposed in the part of the new activity model of teaching-learning. As the demand of the customized coursewares from the lwarners is increased, the needs of the efficient and automated education agents in the web-based instruction are recognized. In this paper we propose a system monitors learner's behaviors constantly, evaluates them, and calculates his accomplishment. And the system offers suitable course to learner applying this accomplishment degree to agent's schedules. Therefore, the learner achieves an active and complete learning from the repeated and suitable course semantic-based retrieval.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2011

As business management has a high level of dependence on Informational Technology (IT), protecting assets of a company from disaster is one of the most important thing that IT operating managers should consider. Because data or information is a major source of operation of the company, data security is the first priority as an aspect of continuity of business management. Therefore, this paper will realize disaster recovery system, which is suspended because of disaster, based on cloud computing system. Realized High Available Replicate System applied a method of multi thread target database to improve Replicate performance, and real time synchronize technology can improve efficiency of network. From Active to Active operation, it maximizes use of backup system, and it has a effect to disperse load of source database system. Also, High Available Replicate System realized consistency verification mechanism and monitoring technique. For Performance evaluation, High Available Replicate System used multi thread method, which shows more than threefold of replicate performance than single thread method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.6 s.109
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• pp.615-624
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• 2006

The objective of this paper is to implement parallel multi-layer ANN(Artificial Neural Network) simulator based on the mobile agent system which is executed in parallel in the virtual parallel distributed computing environment. The Multi-Layer Neural Network is classified by training session, training data layer, node, md weight in the parallelization-level. In this study, We have developed and evaluated the simulator with which it is feasible to parallel the ANN in the training session and training data parallelization because these have relatively few network traffic. In this results, we have verified that the performance of parallelization is high about 3.3 times in the training session and training data. The great significance of this paper is that the performance of ANN's execution on virtual parallel computer is similar to that of ANN's execution on existing super-computer. Therefore, we think that the virtual parallel computer can be considerably helpful in developing the neural network because it decreases the training time which needs extra-time.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.50-70
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• 2001

As todays's networks are typically heterogeneous and very often comprised of multi-platform, multi-vendor network components, mobile agents have been proposed as a solution to the problem of the management of increasingly heterogeneous networks. Mobile agents are no longer statically resident on managed devices for network management: in contrast, they are migratory, replaceable at any time as necessary, and may be equipped with mini expert systems which can diagnose and fix networks' faults on behalf of the manager. Therefore, in this paper, the MIB browsing facilities for network management using the JAMAS and mobile agents are implemented. That is, the network manager accesses the MIB information through mobile agents with which communicate the SNMP agent of each of managed devices. The implementation performance is also evaluated.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1081-1087
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• 2008

This paper describes limitations and solutions of the existing processor-monitoring concept for a military supersonics aircraft Flight Control Computer (FLCC) equipped with modern architecture processor to perform the system integration test. Safecritical FLCC integration test, which requires automatic test for thousands of test cases and real-time input/output test condition generation, depends on the processor-monitoring device called Processor Interface (PI). The PI, which relies upon on the FLCC processor's external address and data-bus data, has some limitations due to multi-fetching capability of the modern sophisticated military processors, like C6000's VLIW (Very-Long Instruction Word) architecture and PowerPC's Superscalar architecture. Several techniques for limitations were developed and proper monitoring approach was presented for modem processor-adopted FLCC system integration test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.154-156
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• 2001

인터넷 상의 많은 전자 상거래 쇼핑몰에 있는 상품 정보에 대한 비교 서비스를 제공하는 시스템들이 개발되고 있다. 이러한 서비스를 위해서는 분산된 전자 상거래 쇼핑몰들의 정보를 수집하여 통합하는 노력이 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 멀티 에이전트 구조로 설계한 인터넷 상의 쇼핑몰들로부터 상품 정보를 수집하여 서비스하는 시스템에 대해서 소개한다. 이 시스템에서는 랩퍼 생성 서브시스템, 정보 수집 서브시스템, 카테고리 분석 서브시스템, 데이터 정제 서브시스템 등의 구성 요소들이 유기적으로 결합되어 동작한다. 이 논문에서는 전체적인 시스템의 구성에 대해서 살펴보고, 각 서브시스템의 기능 및 구조에 대해서 기술한다. 또한 쇼핑몰로부터 정보를 추출하기 위한 랩퍼 생성 기법과 상품 정보의 카테고리를 결정하는 방법에 대해서 소개한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.225-236
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• 2009

This study has identified human performance research issues associated with the implementation of new technology in nuclear power plants (NPPs). To identify the research issues, current industry developments and trends were evaluated in the areas of reactor technology, instrumentation and control technology, human-system integration technology, and human factors engineering (HFE) methods and tools. The issues were prioritized into four categories based on evaluations provided by 14 independent subject matter experts representing vendors, utilities, research organizations and regulators. Twenty issues were categorized into the top priority category. The study also identifies the priority of each issue and the rationale for those in the top priority category. The top priority issues were then organized into research program areas of: New Concepts of Operation using Multi-agent Teams, Human-system Interface Design, Complexity Issues in Advanced Systems, Operating Experience of New and Modernized Plants, and HFE Methods and Tools. The results can serve as input to the development of a long-term strategy and plan for addressing human performance in these areas to support the safe operation of new NPPs.