• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2007

Developmental disability shows life-long behavioral abnormality with no significant physical malformation. This study was undertaken to develop an animal model for developmental disability by using two-factor approach. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial toxin, and NAN-190, a $5-HT_{1A}$ receptor antagonist, were administered to Sprague-Dawley rats on postnatal day (PND) 5 to induce inflammation and an altered 5-HT system, respectively. Long-term alteration of behavior occurred in the drug-treated groups. The LPS-treated group showed impaired motor coordination in the Rota-rod test. The LPS- treated or both LPS and NAN-190-treated groups showed impaired fore-paw muscle power in the wire maneuver test. These groups also showed decreased white matter volume and increased serotonergic fibers. The LPS and NAN-190-treated group also exhibited neurologic deficit in the placing reaction test and impaired equilibrium function in the tilt table test. The results showed that a variety of altered behaviors can be generated by two factor model, and suggested that combination of important etiologic factors and possible underlying defects is a promising strategy of establishing an animal model for developmental disabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.793-798
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• 2010

In this paper we propose a low-power walking compensation method for biped robot based on consumption energy analysis. Firstly, basic walking motions that can reduce energy consumption of robot movements are implemented based on consumption energy analysis according to robot axes. We define knee bent motion as a basic walking motion. It can improve energy consumption and motion stability by lowering center of gravity of the biped robot. We analyze consumption energy of left and right leg of the robot using motor currents and propose a compensation method of walking motions to reduce unbalance of consumption energy between left leg and right leg. It can also improve energy consumption and walking stability of the robot. The proposed low-power compensation method based on consumption energy analysis is verified by walking experiments of a small biped robot with an embedded system.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2015

Background: Ginseng is known to have antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The present study investigated a possible role of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in suppressing dopaminergic neuronal cell death and the cleavage of p35 to p25 in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. Methods: Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg of MPTP at 24-h intervals for 5 d, and then administered KRG (1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 100 mg/kg) once a day for 12 consecutive days from the first injection. Pole tests were performed to assess the motor function of the mice, dopaminergic neuronal survival in the SN and ST was evaluated using tyrosine hydroxylase-immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), p35, and p25 in the SN and ST were measured using Western blotting. Results: MPTP administration caused behavioral impairment, dopaminergic neuronal death, increased Cdk5 and p25 expression, and decreased p35 expression in the nigrostriatal system of mice, whereas KRG dose-dependently alleviated these MPTP-induced changes. Conclusion: These results indicate that KRG can inhibit MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death and suppress the cleavage of p35 to p25 in the SN and the ST, suggesting a possible role for KRG in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.139-148
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this case is to report the improvement of two patients diagnosed with eight and a half syndrome after combination therapy of oriental and western medicine. Methods : We treated the patients with combination therapy of oriental and western medicine such as acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medication, antithrombotic agents and steroid therapy. Changes of peripheral facial paralysis were evaluated using House-Brackmann facial grading system and the degree of dizziness, tenderness and pain of upper abdomen were assessed using numerous rating scale. Changes in motor grade of upper and lower extremities were evaluated using medical research council scale. Results : We have recently experienced two cases of eight and a half syndrome - a syndrome characterized by the coexistence of one and a half syndrome, a rare ophthalmoparetic syndrome characterized by a conjugate horizontal gaze palsy in one direction and an internuclear ophthalmoplegia in the other, and cranial nerve VII palsy. The one and a half syndrome was caused by acute cerebral infarction. Two patients in this report were improved through combination therapy of oriental and western medicine. Conclusions : We report the clinical course and treatment methods of eight and a half syndrome.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2017

The rise of eco-friendly personal electric mobility is a worldwide trend and the first Korean-made IT convergence electric skateboard, Youth Board, is developed to lead the trend. Youth Board is remotely controllable using either Youth Wearable Controller or Youth App through Bluetooth v4.0 communication, can speed up to 25 km/hr, and operating time is approximately 1.5 hr. A LED display located in the front side of Youth Board deck shows three different states to a rider for user convenience: remaining battery SOC, current driving speed, and braking amount. Indoor EMC test results between Youth Board and Youth Wearable Controller and outdoor Youth Board driving test results are analyzed. In particular, driving test results show the maximum current output is about 15% lowered compared to the other competitor electric skateboard and it lessens the power burden of the motor ESC. These results show Youth Board's usefulness as a personal mobility in the sense of small, light, and inexpensive aspects.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.207-217
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• 2010

Recently, the use of DC power increased due to the increased use of digital load. Power factor of input current decrease and input current harmonics increase, and conversion loss which is occurred in the AC / DC converter is a problem to provide the proper DC voltage to the device equipped with an internal AC / DC converter. Hybrid system supplies the AC power and DC power to AC load (motor load and the transformer load) and DC loads (computers, TV, LED fluorescent light) at the same time it supplies the renewable energy and utility energy taken power from Utility to user for improving the efficiency and renewable energy improvements in ease of use. This paper studies DC characteristics of traditional AC load for Hybrid distributions.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-76
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of child care type on infant's developmental outcomes assessed by K-ASQ, focusing on the child-centric role of nurture policy. For this, this study categorized child care type into types including home nurturing, child care center, and subtypes of each category. The findings of multiple regression analysis using the first-third wave data of Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC) are as follows. First, the child care center experience had rather positive effect on the development of all abilities in the infants comparing to home nurturing. Second, the time of attending child care center was differently related to the development of motor, communication, and personal-social skill in infanthood. Finally, the accreditation of child care showed a difference only in terms of social development of infants. In conclusion, even if the experience of using child care center has positive impact on infant's developmental level, it is still in need of improving service quality such as reinforcing accreditation system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.820-824
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop basic technology of hybrid rocket vehicle by constructed and launched. This small hybrid rocket using HDPE/LN2O and Aluminium steel for its body (weight : 12.5 kg, diameter : 114 mm, height : 1.8 m) was designed. The fuel grain and injector were designed for 50 kgf thrust and burning time 2.5 sec. This rocket was loaded the data acquisition device for obtaining data of pressure and velocity during its flying and equiped an automatic ejector system using spring/motor and timer to collect the rocket more safely after launching. It was launched successfully, but found some problem that the rocket's weight was heavier than expected and the thrust was not enough to reach the designed altitude and analyzed its flight path way.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 2011

This study evaluated the respiratory capacity of spastic cerebral palsy children who were grouped by GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) levels and identified the acoustic characteristics of three different types of Korean stops (stop consonants) which are needed for the temporal coordination of larynx and supra-larynx, in these children. Thirty-two children with dysarthria due to spastic cerebral palsy were divided into two subgroups: 14 children classified at GMFCS levels I~III were placed in Group 1 and 18 classified at GMFCS levels IV~V were placed in Group 11, and 18 children with normal speech were selected and placed in the control group. /a/ pronged phonation (sustained vowel /a/) and nine Korean VCV syllables were used. Examined acoustic characteristics were maximum phonation time (MPT) and closure duration and aspiration duration. The results were as follows: 1) The MPTs of the cerebral palsy (CP) groups, both Group I and Group II, were significantly shorter than those of the normal group. 2) The closure durations of the two CP groups were longer than those of the normal group for all 9 target syllables. 3) The aspiration durations of the two CP groups were longer than those of the normal group. 4) The closure duration of the normal and CP Group I was significantly different among tense, aspirated, and lax. However, the CP Group II was different from normal. 5) The aspiration duration of the normal and CP Group I was significantly different among aspirated, tense, and lax. However, the CP Group II was different from normal. 6) The place of articulation influenced less than the manner of articulation on closure and aspiration duration.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

Almost of stroke patients who experience aftereffects such as motor, sensory and cognitive disorders have to take some rehabilitation therapies. It is known that the consistent training for rehabilitation therapy in their home is more effective than rehabilitation therapy in hospital. A few home training programs were developed but these programs don't give any appropriate feedback messages to the client. Therefore, we developed a home training program which can provide appropriate feedback message to the clients using the Kinect sensor which can analyze user's 3-D dimensional motion. With this development, the client can obtain some feedback messages such as the knowledges of performance, results and self-controlled feedback. The program will be more effective than any existing programs.