• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this is to identify the relationship among the age, body mass index(BMI) and exercise frequency(EF) with knee joint position sense in korean healthy women. Methods: Healthy women of 328 who participated in this study were tested knee joint position sense; reposition error was measured with a Myrin goniometer. Each reposition error was analyzed using descriptive statics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean reposition error by age groups was significant decrease getting older. The mean reposition error by BMI groups was significant decrease getting higher. And the mean reposition error by EF groups was significant decrease getting lower. The knee joint position sense showed a significantly correlation with age(r=0.36, p=.00), BMI(r=0.34, p=.00) and EF(r=-0.50, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of knee joint position sense was EF. The reposition error according to stepwise multiple regression is $3.36+(-2.64){\times}EF+0.13{\times}age$, and account for 46%($R^2=0.46$) of the variance in the knee joint position sense. Conclusion: The older the women are, for prevent of knee injuries due to decreased joint position sense, regular exercise is essential factor.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting health promoting lifestyle in nursing students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done using a convenient sampling (n=682) in a three-year nursing college. The health promoting lifestyle was measured by the instrument of Walker's and self esteem was measured by the instrument of Rosenberg's. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, oneway ANOVA and Stepwise multiple regression. Results: The average score of health promoting lifestyle was 2.34. The score of psycho-social well-being subscale was higher than that of health promoting behavior subscale. The highest score was on the interpersonal relations subscale, and the lowest score was on the physical activity subscale. The self-esteem, mental health status, satisfaction with school life, school year, perceived economic status, and gender accounted for 31.9% of the variance of health promoting lifestyle. Conclusion: Self-esteem was the most powerful influencing variable of the health promoting lifestyle, and physical activity was the lowest score of the health promoting lifestyle subscale. Therefor nursing educators should consider to include a health promotion program with increasing self esteem and physical activity in the nursing curriculum.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1998

Transgenic animal and cell line models which are recently developed and used in toxicology fields combined with molecular biological technique, are powerful tools to study the mechanism of mutation in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Transgenic models, which have exogenous DNA incorporated into their genome, carry recoverable shuttle vector containing reporter genes to assess endogenous effects or alteration in specific genes related to disease processes. The lac I and lac Z gnee most widely used as a mutational target in transgenic systems. The assay is performed by treatment with putative mutagenic agents, isolation of genomic DNA from cells or tissues, exposure the isolated DNA to in vitro packaging extract, plating and sequencing. The results from these processes provide not only mutant frequency as quantitative evaluation but also mutational spectrum as qualitative evaluation of various agents. Therefore we introduce and review the principle, detailed procedure and application of transgenic mutagenesis assay system in toxicology fields especially in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.101-113
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide an appropriate direction for effective field practice program by analyzing the influencing factors on satisfaction of field instructor in ambulance ride practice of paramedic students in Korea. Methods: The questionnaires were filled out by 204 paramedic students from July 22 to September 13, 2013. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 19.0 program. Results: The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of satisfaction of field instructor was sincerity of directions. A combination of sincerity of directions (38.2%), achievement(15.4%), improvement of knowledge(3.9%) 4-week field practice(3.0%), 2 week field practice(1.6%), 4 grade(1.8%) pre-expectation of field practice(1.8%) accounted for 65.6% of the variance in paramedic students. Conclusion: We proposed the effective field practice program as well as sincerity of directions of field instructors. It is necessary to discuss before ambulance ride practice within the faculty and the field instructors.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.89-105
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• 2000

Electronic commerce includes the tasks that support the buying and selling of goods and services, and interactions among those tasks. Electronic commerce enables companies to close stores, reduce inventory requirements, and distribute products over the internet. Electronic commerce can simplify communication and change relationships The expanding global e-marketplace has triggered an evolution with powerful implications. The introduction of interactive media and the online environment has made real-time, customized one-to-one advertising, marketing and commerce possible. I-marketing is the most rapidly growing channel being explored today. Users of this expanding medium include a range of service providers, publishers, marketers of music, s/w, other products that cross an increasing number of industry lines. Thus, the opportunities for e-business marketing strategy, and new businesses based on interactivity and sophisticated database technology are vast. This study explores the e-business marketing strategy of digital age. Strategic e-marketing can harness the power of today's technology to propel a company of any size farther into the worldwide market than ay any other time in history, increasing potential profits and productivity.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.948-956
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• 2016

Many franchise stores are in the surrounding. These stores offer many membership services. But, small traders do not provide much customer management service. For example, non-franchised cafes provide the services through paper coupons. However, most of paper coupons are available only in one store that issued the coupon. Besides, these coupons are in stamp format. Due to the absence of customers' management service, it is hard for small traders to attract customers compared to the franchise. Therefore, in this paper, We had implemented a mobile application, and applied to new customer management service in order to increase the price competitiveness of small traders. This service issues electronic coupon through a mobile app. customers can receive a relatively large amount of discount, and a deadline of coupons are short. When customers use coupons, new coupons are issued at the same time. This structure can be powerful means to lead customers' frequent visit. Small traders can gain a lot of regular customers by using this service.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.632-638
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• 2012

A smartphone is one of the best candidate devices on which context based services can be provided because a smartphone has considerably powerful computing ability and large memory capacity and it is a personal belonging. One of the most important factors of context is the moving status of the smartphone. For example, if the smartphone is not moving and the user is in an exhibition room then we can conclude that the user is watching an exhibit. This paper proposes an algorithm of determining the moving status of a smartphone for the first time. Our test results showed that the proposed algorithm is 100% correct.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.512-520
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• 2010

As the applications based on Mobile and Ubiquitous becoming more extensive, the communication security issues of those applications are appearing to be the most important concern. Therefore, every part of the system should be thoroughly designed and mutually coordinated in order to support overall security of the system. In this paper. we propose new technique which uses the voice features in order to generate Mobile One Time Passwords(OTPs). Voice is considered to be one of the powerful personal authentication factors of biometrics and it can be used for generating variable passwords for one time use. Also we performed a simulation of homomorphic variability of voice feature points using dendrogram and distribution of voice feature points for proposed password generation method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.1 s.108
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• pp.10-18
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• 2005

The main concept of social carrying capacity is based on the principle that 'there are limits to the number of users a given recreation site can accommodate in order to provide quality of recreation experience'. The quality of the experience is revealed as user's satisfaction and perceived crowding. In this respect, studies of social carrying capacity have been frequently conducted by measuring perceived crowding and satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to identify the variables affecting perceived crowding, and causality bet-ween satisfaction and perceived crowding. Four hundred seventy six visitors were selected at Naejangsan National park on peak day of autumn excursion through on-site survey. The collected data were applied by factor analysis for categorizing the research variables, and multiple regression for finding the causality among variables. The study results are follows. The expectation of crowding, as a normative variable for perceived crowding, are categorized by three factors; circulation, user facility, and landscape. The circulation factor is the most powerful affecting perceived crowding among three factor. The landscape factor, however, do not have statistical significance on perceived crowding. The causality between satisfaction and perceived crowding is found. Although this relation is significant in statistics, magnitude of the coefficient is very small. It might be interpreted that satisfaction cannot be predicted simply from a user's perception of crowding, but a multi-dimensional concept such as adaptation and coping behavior.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to present basic data for better space plan of the apartment housing. It attempted to examine the possession and space usage of furniture and housing goods in three type floor plan. It also studied in relation to socidemographic variables and physical variables. The major findings were as follows :1) Housewife age, educational level, family income, number of family members were affected variables to the possession of housing goods and furniture except furniture possession to housewife age.2) It appeared similarity in the furnishing of housing goods and furniture in case of same floor plan.3) Generally, the space of living room was used often in furnishing of furniture and housing goods. 4) Linear arrangement of sofa set and corner arrangement of Anbang furniture are a tendency to get a effective space for activities in living room.5) The size of floor plan space was the most powerful variable to explain the possession and space usage of housing goods and furniture.6) The scarce of space result in pressing the household living space hard. The storage space should be planned and chosen after consideration of human factors according to the tastes, character of the users, and the space factors according to the composition of unit plan and the size of each living space. In case of the small size plan, particularly, it needed to the Built-in furniture as a effective method.