• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.91-94
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• 2001

유방 질만 분석을 위한 병리진단에서는 암종세포의 세관형성 정도와 핵의 다형성과 유사분말정도를 기준으로 하여 나누는 방법이 용이하고 재현성이 높다. 그 중에서도 세포핵의 크기와 다형성, 핵과 세포질의 비율은 양성종양과 악성종양을 분류하는데 있어서 중요한 요소중의 하나이다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 유방 질단 영상에서 세포핵을 추출하여, 핵의 형태학적 특징값인 핵의 연적 둘레, 가로·세로(장·단축)의 길이를 구하고 핵과 세포질의 비율을 계산한 후, 추출한 형태학적 특성 칸들이 양성종양과 악성종양으로 분류하는데 있어서 유의한 특성 값인지 비교·분석하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 1999

An extremely cadmium-tolerant budding yeast, Hansenula anomala B-7 underwent a morphological switch in response to either heat shock treatment or cadmium stress, respectively. It exhibited a morphological transition from a unicellular yeast form to a pseudohyphae-like coagulation when subjected to prolonged heat shock treatment. In contrast, the yeast cells showed an irregularity in surface morphology when given thermal stress for a short time. Patterns of proteins expressed in the pseudohyphae-like cells demonstrated that several proteins were overexpressed while others were underexpressed in comparison with those prepared from the cells in the yeast form. It was a striking feature, however, that nearly 40％ of the proteins extracted from the cells in the pseudohyphae form appeared to be composed of a single polypeptide. This polypeptide was apparently overexpressed during the pseudohyphae phase and its molecular weight was estimated to be 58 kDa according to SDS-PAGE analysis. However, a significant level of the protein was not observed in the cells before transition to pseudohyphae. The architecture of the cell shape was also damaged when incubated in a medium containing more than 1,000 ppm (8.9mM) of cadmium ions, although able to proliferate at a slow rate. However, the irregularity in the cell morphology exerted either by the brief heat shock treatment or by the cadmium stress with the high concentrations of the metal ions was not repaired, even though the damaged cells were allowed to grow for sufficient time in fresh, cadmium-free medium.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.175-182
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• 2015

Previous studies suggested that myelinated axons innervating rat molar pulps undergo morphological changes in their peripheral course. However, little information is available on the morphological feature of the parent axons at the site of origin. We therefore investigated the size of the myelinated parent axons and their morphological features at the proximal sensory root of the trigeminal ganglion by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection into rat upper molar pulps and subsequent light and electron microscopy. A total of 248 HRP-labeled myelinated axons investigated were highly variable in the size. Fiber area, fiber diameter, axon area (axoplasm area), axon diameter (axoplasm diameter), and myelin thickness were $11.32{\pm}8.36{\mu}m^2(0.80{\sim}53.17{\mu}m^2)$, $3.99{\pm}1.53{\mu}m(1.08{\sim}9.26{\mu}m)$, $8.70{\pm}6.30{\mu}m^2(0.70{\sim}41.83{\mu}m^2)$, $3.13{\pm}1.13{\mu}m(0.94{\sim}7.20{\mu}m)$ and $0.43{\pm}0.23{\mu}m(0.07{\sim}1.06{\mu}m)$, respectively. The g-ratio (axon diameter / fiber diameter) of the labeled axons was $0.79{\pm}0.05$ (0.61~0.91). Axon diameter was highly correlated with myelin thickness (correlation coefficients, r=0.83) but little correlated with g-ratio (r=-0.33) of individual myelinated parent axons. These results indicate that myelin thickness of the myelinated parent axons innervating rat molar pulps increase with increasing axon diameter, thus maintaining a constant g-ratio.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.945-952
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• 2013

The R wave of QRS complex is the most prominent feature in ECG because of its specific shape; therefore it is taken as a reference in ECG feature extraction. But R wave detection suffers from the fact that frequency bands of the noise/other components such as P/T waves overlap with that of QRS complex. ECG signal processing must consider efficiency for hardware and software resources available in processing for miniaturization and low power. In other words, the design of algorithm that exactly detects QRS region using minimal computation by analyzing the person's physical condition and/or environment is needed. Therefore, efficient QRS detection based on SOM(Subtractive Operation Method) is presented in this paper. For this purpose, we detected R wave through the preprocessing method using morphological filter, empirical threshold, and subtractive signal. Also, we applied dynamic backward searching method for efficient detection. The performance of R wave detection is evaluated by using MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate the average of 99.41% in R wave detection.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1482-1496
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• 1999

기존의 스테레오 정합 알고리즘은 크게 명암기반기법과 특징기반기법의 두 가지로 나눌 수 있다. 그리고, 각 기법은 그들 나름대로의 장단점을 갖는다. 본 논문은 이 두 기법을 결합하는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 물체모델링을 목적으로 하기 때문에 배경을 제거하여 정합하는 방법을 사용한다. 이를 위해, 정합요소들과 정합유사함수가 정의되고, 정합유사함수는 두 기법사이의 장단점을 하나의 인수에 의해 조절한다. 그 외에도 거리차 지도의 오류를 제거하는 coarse-to-fine기법, 폐색문제를 해결하는 다중윈도우 기법을 사용하였고, 물체의 표면형태를 알아내기 위해 morphological closing 연산자를 이용하여 물체와 배경을 분리하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이러한 기법들을 기반으로 하여 여러가지 영상에 대해 실험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과들은 본 논문이 제안하는 기법의 효율성을 보여준다. 정합의 결과로 만들어지는 거리차 지도는 3차원 모델링을 통해 가상공간상에서 보여지도록 하였다.Abstract Classical stereo matching algorithms can be classified into two major areas; intensity-based and feature-based stereo matching. Each technique has advantages and disadvantages. This paper proposes a new algorithm which merges two main matching techniques. Since the goal of our stereo algorithm is in object modeling, we use images for which background is removed. Primitives and a similarity function are defined. The matching similarity function selectively controls the advantages and disadvantages of intensity-based and feature-based matching by a parameter.As an additional matching strategy, a coarse-to-fine method is used to remove a errorneous data on the disparity map. To handle occlusions, multiple windowing method is used. For finding the surface shape of an object, we propose a method that separates an object and the background by a morphological closing operator. All processes have been implemented and tested with various image pairs. The matching results showed the effectiveness of our method. From the disparity map computed by the matching process, 3D modeling is possible. 3D modeling is manipulated by VRML(Virtual Reality Manipulation Language). The results are summarized in a virtual reality space.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2018

The problem of traffic light detection and recognition has recently become one of the most important topics in various researches on autonomous driving. Most algorithms are based on colors to detect and recognize traffic light signals. These methods have disadvantage in that the recognition rate is lowered due to the change of the color of the traffic light, the influence of the angle, distance, and surrounding illumination environment of the image. In this paper, we propose machine learning based detection and recognition algorithm using shape information to solve these problems. Unlike the existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm detects and recognizes the traffic signals based on the morphological characteristics of the traffic lights, which is advantageous in that it is robust against the influence from the surrounding environments. Experimental results show that the recognition rate of the signal is higher than those of other color-based algorithms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.8
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• pp.55-67
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• 1998

This paper presents an automatic facial feature point extraction algorithm in sequential color images. To extract facial region in the video sequence, a moving color detection technique is proposed that emphasize moving skin color region by applying motion detection algorithm on the skin-color transformed images. The threshold value for the pixel difference detection is also decided according to the transformed pixel value that represents the probability of the desired color information. Eye candidate regions are selected using both of the black/white color information inside the skin-color region and the valley information of the moving skin region detected using morphological operators. Eye region is finally decided by the geometrical relationship of the eyes and color histogram. To decide the exact feature points, the PCA(Principal Component Analysis) is used on each eye and mouth regions. Experimental results show that the feature points of eye and mouth can be obtained correctly irrespective of background, direction and size of face.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-87
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• 2017

We propose a method to analyze the user reviews and ratings of the products in the online shopping mall and automatically extracts the features of the products to determine the characteristics of a product. By judging whether a rating is given by a specific feature of a product, our method distributes the score to each feature. Conventional methods force users to wastes time reading overflowing number of reviews and ratings to decide whether to buy the product or not. Moreover, it is difficult to grasp the merits and demerits of the product, because of the way reviews and ratings are provided. It is structured in a way that it is impossible to decide which rating is given to the which characteristics of the product. Therefore, in this paper, to resolve this problem, we propose a method to automatically extract the feature of the product from the user review and distribute the score to appropriate characteristics of the product by calculating the rating of each feature from the overall rating. proposed method collects product reviews and ratings, conducts morphological analysis, and extracts features and emotional words of the products. In addition, a method for determining the polarity of a sentence in which the feature appears is given a weight value for each feature. results of the experiment and the questionnaires comparing the existing methods show the usefulness of the proposed method. We also validates the results by comparing the analysis conducted by the product review experts.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.303-316
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• 2009

Genetic variation among the base isolates and monosporidial strains derived from these isolates of Tilletia indica- the causal agent of Karnal bunt (KB) in wheat, was analyzed by morphological, growth behaviors and RAPD-ISSR based molecular polymorphism. Genetic make up of fungal cultures vary among each other. The magnitude of variation in KBPN group is less (narrow genetic base) when compared to the other groups KB3, KB9 and JK (broad genetic base) reflecting that variability is a genetically governed process. The generation of new variation with different growth characteristics is not a generalized feature and is totally dependant on the original genetic make-up of the base isolate generating new monosporidial strains. Thus, it can be concluded that monosporidial strains derived from mono-teliosporic isolate, consists of genetically heterogeneous population. The morphological and genetic variability further suggests that the variation in T. indica strains is predominantly derived through the genetic rearrangements through para sexual means.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.665-675
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• 2007

The morphological change of ECG is the important diagnostic parameter to finding the malfunction of a heart. Generally ST segment deviation is concerned with myocardial abnormality. The aim of this study is to detect the change of ST in shape using a polynomial approximation method and the reference ST type. The developed algorithm consists of feature point detection, ST level detection and ST shape classification. The detection of QRS complex is accomplished using it's the morphological characteristics such as the steep slope and high amplitude. The developed algorithm detects the ST level change, and then classifies the ST shape type using the polynomial approximation. The algorithm finds the least squares curve for the data between S wave and T wave in ECG. This curve is used for the classification of the ST shapes. ST type is classified by comparing the slopes of the specified points between the reference ST set and the least square curve. Through the result from the developed algorithm, we can know when the ST level change occurs and what the ST shape type is.