• Water Engineering Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2001

Issues and problems in formulating South Korea's water resources policy are discussed in terms of water quantity and quality. South Korean needs both water conservation and water supply capability for the growing population and economic activities. The government has attempted to build more large-scale dams to store and supply water for residential, farming and industrial uses, but the environmentalists who emphasize conservation and environmental protection oppose the government. The environmentalists are popular among the general public. Water quality has been deteriorating from point- ad non-point sources. urban and farm runoffs are serious pollutants. All want by preserve water quality. There is no dispute on this matter between the government and the environmentalists. Money is hard to come by to preserve water quality. Economic and financial crises and no self-sufficient local governments' revenue structure are pessimistic. Basic survey on water resources, hydrology and hydraulic is badly needed for the future water resources planning.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.99-103
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• 2014

Purpose - The objective of this study was to examine the volatility of the exchange rate of the Somali shilling (SoSh) during 2010, especially the exchange rate between the Somali shilling and US dollar. Research design, data, and methodology - The study employed aquantitative research design; the data was analyzed using contents analysis for the data pertaining to the exchange rate between the US dollar and Somali Shilling in 2010. Results - The main findings were that the exchange rate was very volatile during 2010 because of three sources: (1) Imbalance of demand and supply in the money market, (2) People adopting the US dollar as the medium of exchange forgoods and services, thereby reducing the circulation of the SoSh, and (3) Lack of a strong central bank. Conclusions - The study suggested three possible remedies: the establishment of an effective central bank that matches the demand and supply of the currencies, adoption of the Somali shilling as the official currency base for the prices of commodities, and minimizing the imports into the country and maximizing its exports, to support the strengthening of the Somali shilling.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-68
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• 2017

Platform finance is emerging as an alternative finance for SMEs by suggesting a new funding source based on a new technology named FinTech. The essence of this business is the adapting ICT challenges to the financial industry that can adequately reflect risk assessment using Big Data and effectively meet individual risk-return preference. Thus, this is evolving as an alternative to existing finance in the form of P2P loans for Micro Enterprises and supply-chain finance for SMEs that need more working capital. Platform finance in Korea, however, is still at an infant stage and requires policy support. This can be summarized as follows: "Participation of institutional investors and the public sector," meaning that public investors provide seed money for the private investors to crowd in for platform finance. "Negative system in financial regulations," with current regulations to be deferred for new projects, such as Sandbox in the UK. In addition, "Environment for generous use of data," allowing discretionary data sharing for new products," and "Spreading alternative investments," fostering platform finance products as alternative investments in the low interest-rate era.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.742-758
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• 2000

Some local governments in Korea are currently developing various Urban Information Systems (UIS) to computerize their work. But they have spent too much money on their own UIS development because they have not reused the existing UIS of others. It has caused the central government to invest money repeatedly. The work of some local governments is generally very similar to those of others. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a solution to the reinvestment problem. To solve the problem, this paper suggests that they could model a city's business using Unified Modeling Language and Component-Based Development Process (CBD). They could also develop a UIS from the existing models, and then other municipalities can reuse the developed UIS. This paper illustrates the water supply business of P City in Korea and Rational Unified Process as a CBD. This paper also describes methods to apply CBD, to establish a reusable business model, analysis model, and design model, and to develop the software components of ActiveX Controls form for the water supply business.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.9-15
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• 2015

The exchange rate is a very important macro variable that has influence on the whole economy and has, therefore, been the topic of many discussions amongst policymakers, academics and other economic agents. The issue of whether to have a fixed, pegged or floating exchange rate regime was highly debated during the 1970s. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what factors determine the exchange rate in Somalia. Quantitative research methodology has been employed to develop regression model using time series data for the period of 12 years. The regression model has been developed based on Quantity theory of money, purchasing power parity and uncovered interest rate parity theory. Somalia is on the countries where the highest exchange rate volatility exists; for example in 2012, the rate jumped 29% percent and two weak later dropped 21%, when Turkish humanitarian aid agencies injected the market a lot of U.S dollar. Based on my study using regression model for time series data of 12 years, the four factors are mainly attributable for the exchange rate volatility of Somalia; these factors include the balance of payment, inflation rate, money supply (mostly come from remittance and NGOs) and Bank profits.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.7-13
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the real exchange rate and the output, which is based on the macroeconomic equilibrium theory in China. Its aim will be to verify whether the change in the real exchange rate has a significant effect on the output or not. Research design, data, and methodology - This study endeavors tries to investigate the correlation among economic variables under the macroeconomic market (the commodity market and the money market) equilibrium. So, time-series data from 1990 to 2016 is applied to establish a vector auto-regression (VAR) model so as to perform an empirical analysis. Results - The empirical results reveal that an increase in the real exchange rate will result in an increase in the output in the short run. However, the empirical results also indicate that this kind of mechanism cannot work in the long run. Conclusions - The effect of a decrease of real exchange rate on output is significant in the short run. Also, this paper suggests that the total supply and the total demand can promote economic growth. The fiscal and money policy play a significant role in economic growth in China as well.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.17-29
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the dynamic linkage between conditional stock market volatility and macroeconomic uncertainty of Bangladesh. Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses monthly data covering the time period from January 2005 to December 2018. A comprehensive set of macroeconomic variables, namely industrial production index (IP), consumer price index (CPI), broad money supply (M2), 91-day treasury bill rate (TB), treasury bond yield (GB), exchange rate (EX), inflow of foreign remittance (RT) and stock market index of DSEX are used for analysis. Symmetric and asymmetric univariate GARCH family of models and multivariate VAR model, along with block exogeneity and impulse response functions, are implemented on conditional volatility series to discover the possible interactions and causal relations between macroeconomic forces and stock return. Results: The analysis of the study exhibits time-varying volatility and volatility persistence in all the variables of interest. Moreover, the asymmetric effect is found significant in the stock return and most of the growth series of macroeconomic fundamentals. Results from the multivariate VAR model indicate that only short-term interest rate significantly influence the stock market volatility, while conditional stock return volatility is significant in explaining the volatility of industrial production, inflation, and treasury bill rate. Conclusion: The findings suggest an increasing interdependence between the money market and equity market as well as the macroeconomic fundamentals of Bangladesh.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to verify and statistically analyze the effect of credit card expenditure on money demand. Statistical analysis was Performed regarding credit spending volume. Ml, M2, M3, non-monetary banking deposit (OFI) and many other parameters based on time-series data for 14 years, from 1985 to 1998. The results suggest that credit card is not the main cause of inflation or increase of money supply but it would become an economic creation on contributing to human life in the coming century. Therefore the monetary authorities must develop the credit card industry, so as to improve positive function of credit cards and to keep controlling some of its negative functions minimally.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.13-48
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• 2019

Purpose - This study is to analyze the monetary indicators and the key macroeconomic indicators and to assess the effectiveness of state regulation on its basis. The analysis of monetary aggregates of Russian Federation, CIS, the countries of leading countries of North-East Asia at the present stage of development. Research design and methodology - The volume of data on Russia was analyzed from the 1995 to the 2018. The data from the 1950 to the 2019 were estimated on China. The data from the 1980 to the 2018 were estimated on Japan. On South Korea - since the 1960 to the 2018. On Republic of Belarus - since the 2003 to the 2018. On Tajikistan - from the 2008 to 2017. On Kazakhstan - from the 1994 to the 2018. On Kyrgyzstan - from the 2002 to the 2018. On Armenia - from the 2003 to the 2018. Results - Hypothesis 1: In Russian Federation, the monetary stock has a stable tendency to grow. The volume of money stock of Russia and the analyzed countries is much determined by external debt, GDP, the export, the import, and the international reserves. Hypothesis 2: The growth of money supply does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of money stock does not always lead to negative consequences. The monetary stock should be commensurate with the macroeconomic indicators of the state. Conclusions - The growth of the monetary stock does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of monetary stock not always lead to negative consequences.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.141-164
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• 2020

With business environments around the world facing uncertainty and complexity, companies have focused on supply chain management as one of the essential elements in securing a competitive advantage. Successful supply chain management requires internal efforts to strengthen the core competencies of the company and the integration of individual functions in the supply chain. This study aims to investigate the effect of information sharing between companies on supply chain integration and corporate performance. The research hypothesis established in previous studies was analyzed using structural equation modeling. A total of 723 questionnaire responses were used to test the hypotheses of this study. We found that the integration and sharing of information between companies have a great influence on supply chain integration, which has positive effects on corporate performance at the operational and strategic levels, including finance, market share, and customer satisfaction. The integration of supply chains via information integration and sharing between companies can promote the flow of information, services, goods, and money. Therefore, if information is disconnected between actors in the supply chain, it will lead to negative effects on the management of the entire supply chain. On the other hand, if supply chain actors can share information efficiently in real time on one platform, they can expect to optimize the entire supply chain. Information sharing and integration at the strategic and operational levels play a vital role in supply chain integration, which contributes to achieving a company's performance targets and enhancing its competitiveness.