• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.172-178
• /
• 2019

Inflammation is an innate immune response that protects the body from pathogens, toxins, and other dangers and is initiated by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns or danger-associated molecular patterns by pattern-recognition receptors expressing on or in immune cells. Intracellular pattern-recognition receptors, including nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2, and cysteine aspartate-specific protease (caspase)-4/5/11 recognize various pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns and assemble protein complexes called "inflammasomes." These complexes induce inflammatory responses by activating a downstream effector, caspase-1, leading to gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$ and IL-18. Ginsenosides are natural steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins found exclusively in the plant genus Panax. Various ginsenosides have been identified, and their abilities to regulate inflammatory responses have been evaluated. These studies have suggested a link between ginsenosides and inflammasome activation in inflammatory responses. Some types of ginsenosides, including Rh1, Rg3, Rb1, compound K, chikusetsu saponin IVa, Rg5, and Rg1, have been clearly demonstrated to inhibit inflammatory responses by suppressing the activation of various inflammasomes, including the NLRP3, NLRP1, and absent in melanoma 2 inflammasomes. Ginsenosides have also been shown to inhibit caspase-1 and to decrease the expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-18. Given this body of evidence, the functional relationship between ginsenosides and inflammasome activation provides new insight into the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ginsenoside-mediated antiinflammatory actions. This relationship also has applications regarding the development of antiinflammatory remedies by ginsenoside-mediated targeting of inflammasomes, which could be used to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.434-437
• /
• 2018

Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounts for a significant proportion of nosocomial infections. This study examined the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and clonal relatedness of P. aeruginosa isolates of clinical and environmental origin. These isolates displayed susceptibility to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, and ceftazidime of 65.0%, 62.5%, 90.0%, 100%, and 85%, respectively. PCR-RAPD analysis of the P. aeruginosa isolates revealed marked variation. No correlation was observed between the antibiotic resistance profiles and the DNA typing patterns.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 polypropylene 복합재료의 내스크래치성을 향상 시키기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 내스크래치성 개선을 위하여 PP의 분자량이 다른 두 종류의 PDMS계 M/B를 제조하여 각각의 함량에 따른 기계적 물성과 내스크래치성을 평가 하였다. 더 좋은 물성을 보인 마스터배치를 선택하여 grain pattern에 따른 내스크래치성을 평가 하였다. UTM과 편광현미경을 통하여 기계적 물성과 스크래치성을 평가 하였다. Color 3D laser Scanning microscope로 표면 grain pattern 형상을 관찰하였다. 마스터배치의 분자량과 함량에 따른 기계적 물성의 차이는 비교적 적은것으로 평가 되었으며 내스크래치 평가에서는 고분자량의 M/B를 첨가함에 따라 내스크래치성이 향상 되는 것으로 나타났다. Grain pattern에 따른 스크래치 평가에서는 grain pattern이 깊이가 깊고 불규칙하며 그 형태도 크고, 둥근형일 때 내스크래치성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 2010

Among 203 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from poultry with colibacillosis in korea, 14 isolates were selected from total 68 isolates transferred R plasmid and classified into 5 groups on the basis of antimicrobial minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) pattern, farm source and O serotype. An association between clonal origin and R plasmid of them was investigated by R plasmid profile, restriction endonuclease analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The strains that showed the same or very similar antimicrobial MIC pattern, but different farm source and O serotype, revealed different PFGE pattern, which seemed to be different clonal origin. And the strains that showed the same MIC pattern and O serotype, revealed different PFGE pattern, seemed to be originated from different clone. Also the strains showing the same MIC pattern and farm source, but different O serotype, revealed to be different clonal origin. The strains that showed the same or similar MIC pattern, farm source, and O serotype, revealed identical or similar PFGE pattern, which seemed to belong to be one clone. Meanwhile, horizontal transfer of R plasmid seems to be common in APEC with regardless of O serotype and clone of the strains. These results indicate that rapid and accurate epidemiological survey of APEC can be possible by the combination of O serotyping, plasmid profiling and PFGE analysis following the classification of them into groups of antimicrobial drug resistance pattern.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 1997

Nuclei were isolated from the protoplasts of Trichoderma harzianum T95 and treated with colchicine, a polyploid inducer. The nuclei were transferred into the protoplast of multi-auxotrophic Gliocladium virens G88 which cannot grow in minimal medium. The protoplast of G. virens G88 carrying the transferred nuclei were regenerated in a regeneration minimal medium containing $17{\mu}g/ml$ of chloroneb as a haploid inducer. Six intergeneric hybrids between G. virens and T. harzianum were isolated from the regeneration minimal medium. The hybrids could be classified into three types according to morphology, those with an isozyme pattern, those with an protein band and those with an randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) pattern produced by random primers and repetitive sequences. The first group was identified to be a haploid recombinant, the second group a heterokaryon, and the third appeared to be petite.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 2017

P48 Ebp1 is expressed in rapidly proliferating cells such as cancer cells and accelerates cell growth and survival. However, its expression pattern and role in central nervous system development have not been studied. Here, we demonstrated the spatiotemporal expression pattern of p48 Ebp1 during embryonic development and the postnatal period. During embryonic development, p48 Ebp1 was highly expressed in the brain. Expression gradually decreased after birth but was still more abundant than p42 expression after birth. Strikingly, we found that p48 Ebp1 was expressed in a cell type specific manner in neurons but not astrocytes. Moreover, p48 Ebp1 physically interacted with beta tubulin but not alpha tubulin. This fits with its accumulation in distal microtubule growth cone regions. Furthermore, in injured hippocampal slices, p48 Ebp1 introduction promoted axon regeneration. Thus, we speculate that p48 Ebp1 might contribute to microtubule dynamics acting as an MAP and promotes CNS axon regeneration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.910-913
• /
• 2004

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) gene is a structural gene associated with the growth and development of the animals. The present investigation was carried out to unravel nucleotide sequence and polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of IGFBP-3 gene in buffalo. Genomic DNA was isolated from a total of 157 animals belonging to Murrah, Surti, Jaffarabadi and Nagpuri breeds of Indian riverine buffalo. A 655 bp of IGFBP-3 gene was amplified in all the breeds and amplicons were digested with Hae III, Taq I and Msp I restriction enzymes. On digestion with Hae III yielded single restriction pattern of 8 fragments of sizes 201, 165, 154, 56, 36, 19, 16 and 8 bp in all the animals studied. Similarly Taq I and Msp I also revealed single restriction pattern yielding fragments of sizes 240 and 415 bp and 145 and 510 bp, respectively. This shows nonpolymorphic nature of restriction sites in buffalo. Nucleotide sequencing of 587 bp of IGFBP-3 gene in Murrah buffalo was done and submitted to the GenBank (Accession No. AY304829). Nucleotide sequencing revealed an addition of 4 bases in the intronic region as compared to cattle.

• 대한미생물학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.129-139
• /
• 2000

Acinetobacter baumannii strains are emerging pathogens of the nosocomial infection with an increasing frequency in recent years. The therapeutic difficulty due to the wide spread of multiple resistant strains was major problem in A. baumannii infection. It seems likely that high frequency of A. baumannii infection will be increasing epidemiological importance in the future. However, the current limited understanding of the epidemiology of A. baumannii infections is caused by lack of a rapid and practical method for the molecular characterization of A. baumannii strains. This study was undertaken to determine molecular types and genetic similarity among A. baumannii strains isolated from four hospitals by RAPD analysis. Eighty-five strains, including 40 from Chunnam University Hospital, 27 from Dankook University Hospital, 15 from Yonsei University Hospital, and 3 from Seonam University Hospital, were classified into three molecular types. Molecular type II was the most common pattern and included 72 strains. All strains from Dankook University Hospital and 40 strains from Chunnam University Hospital belonged to molecular type I or II. A. baumannii strains form Yonsei University Hospital were very distant similarity values. The range of genetic similarity values among 85 strains of A. baumannii was 0.26 to 1.00. Although phenotypes including biotype and antimicrobial resistance pattern of A. baumannii strains were same or very similar to each other, their RAPD patterns were quite different. Typing with phenotypes was found to be less reliable than molecular typing by RAPD analysis. These results suggest that RAPD analysis provides rapid and simple typing method of A. baumannii strains for epidemiological studies. This work is the first epidemiological report of A. baumannii infections in Korea and it is hoped that results of this work may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical importance and epidemiology of A. baumannii strains.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
• /
• pp.29.2-29.2
• /
• 2006

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.683-688
• /
• 1991

단일축 압출조리기를 이용하여 밀가루를 조리한 후 탁주발효용 기질로 사용하여 알코올 수율을 조사하였다. 또한 스팀가열과 비교하여 압출조리에 의한 밀가루 전분질의 분자구조 변화와 효소 민감성에 대하여 gel permeation chromatography(GPC)와 고유점도 측정으로 평가하였다. 밀가루의 GPC patternd은 스팀 가열이나 방출조리에 의하여 크게 변화되지 않았다. 그러나 ${\alpha}-amylase$를 30분간 처리할 경우 압출성형된 밀가루의 맥아당 생산량이 크게 증가하며 GPC pattern도 크게 변하여 저분자 전분질의 함량이 증가하며 고유점도는 감소하였다. 압출성형된 밀가루로 탁주발효를 한 결과 스팀증자된 밀가루로 탁주발효를 한 경우보다 실험실 규모 실험에서는 26%의 알콜생산 증대가 기록되었으며 공장규모 발효에서는 10% 이상의 알콜생산 증대를 얻을 수 있었다.