• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권3호
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• pp.408-418
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• 1999

전나무 천연집단의 유전적 다양성 및 유전적 구조를 추정하기 위해서 RAPD 표지자를 사용하였으며, 이의 통계적 분석에 AMOVA 방법을 이용하였다. 전나무 집단 전체의 평균 다형성 RAPD 표지자 비율은 71.9%였으며, 전체 변이량의 대부분은 집단내 개체간의 차이(80.2%)로 설명이 가능하였다. 집단간의 유전적 분화정도(${\Phi}_{ST}$)는 0.198로 조사되었다. 전체 집단을 태백산맥과 소백산맥 두 지역으로 나누어 분석하였을 때, 지역간 차이로 설명할 수 있는 변이량이 8.5%로 나타났으며, 통계적 유의성을 확인할 수 있었다. Bartlett 통계량에 의해 집단간 분산의 이질성을 조사한 결과, 태백산 집단과 가리왕산 집단이 특히 이 질적인 것으로 나타났으며, 전반적으로 태백산맥 지역의 집단들이 소백산맥 지역의 집단들 보다 상대적으로 유전적 이질성이 큰 것으로 나다났다. 마지막으로 기존 통계량과의 비교를 통해서 유전변이 분석에 있어서 AMOVA 방법의 적용 가능성에 대해서 논의하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2018

Trichophyton rubrum is one of the well-known pathogenic fungi and causes dermatophytosis and cutaneous mycosis in human world widely. However, there are not an available sequence type (ST) classification methods and previous studies for T. rubrum until now. Therefore, currently, molecular biological tools using their DNA sequences are used for genotype identification and classification. In the present study, in order to characterize the genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relation of T. rubrum clinical isolates, five different housekeeping genes, such as actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL), RNA polymerase II (RPB2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and ${\beta}$-tubulin (BT2) were analyzed using by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Also, DNA sequence analysis was performed to examine the differences between the sequences of Trichophyton strains and the identified genetic variations sequence. As a result, most of the sequences were shown to have highly matched rates in their housekeeping genes. However, genetic variations were found on three different positions of ${\beta}$-tubulin gene and were shown to have changed from $C{\rightarrow}G$ (1766), $G{\rightarrow}T$ (1876), and $C{\rightarrow}A$ (1886). To confirm the association with T. rubrum inheritance, a phylogenetic tree analysis was performed. It was classified as four clusters, but there was little significant correlation. Even so, MLST analysis is believed to be helpful for determining the genetic variations of T. rubrum in cases where there is more large-scale data accumulation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the first MLST analysis of T. rubrum in Korea and explored the possibility that MLST could be a useful tool for studying the epidemiology and evolution of T. rubrum through further studies.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.298-310
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• 2017

Morphological variation between cultivated and weedy types of Perilla frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa were studied in 327 germplasm by examining 17 morphological characters. The germplasm between the two varieties were varied for their qualitative and quantitative characters. The seed coat color of cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens is commonly light brown and brown while deep brown color was observed in the weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The leaf size, cluster length, plant height, flower number per cluster and seed weight in cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens were significantly (P<0.05) different from weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens exhibited significantly higher plant height (158.6 cm) compared to the weedy P. frutescens var. crispa (133.8 cm). Likewise, seed weight was significantly higher in cultivated (1.9 g) than in the weedy type of P. frutescens var. frutescens (1.6 g) and P. frutescens var. crispa (1.4 g). Principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the first and second principal component cumulatively explained 86.6% of the total variation. The cultivated type P. frutescens var. frutescens and its weedy accessions were not clearly separated with P. frutescens var. crispa by PCA. Hence it requires the use of molecular markers for better understanding of their genetic diversity.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

In 2007, a total of 77 isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from ear rot symptoms of corns collected from 5 locations in Gangwon Province, Korea. The fungal isolates were identified based on their morphological features. Out of the isolates, fifteen isolates were identified as Fusarium verticillioides which formed microconidia in long chains on monophialides. Four isolates were identified as F. subglutinans which formed microconida only on false heads. Six isolates were identified as F. graminearum which produced red pigment in PDA culture. Besides these Fusarium species, F. napiform, F. nygamai, and F. oxysporum were identified from the rest isolates. To assess for genetic diversity of the isolates, a random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique was carried out using URP primers. The results from the RAPD analysis showed that the isolates from corn were divided into 6 groups. These RAPD groups of the Fusarium species corresponded to morphological characters of the Fusarium species. The phylogenetic analysis of most isolates by DNA sequencing of EF-1$\alpha$ gene corresponded to morphological characters of the Fusarium species. The results of pathogenicity tests by two inoculation methods revealed that F. verticillioides, F. graminearum and F. subglutinans are strongly pathogenic to corn stalks.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.276-287
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• 2020

An algific talus slope is composed of broken rocks with vents connected to an ice cave, releasing cool air in summer and relatively warmer air in winter to maintain a more stable microclimate all year round. Such geological features create a very unusual and delicate ecosystem. Although there are around 25 major algific talus slopes in Korea, lichen ecology of these areas had not been investigated to date. In this study, we report the first exploration of lichen diversity and ecology at an algific talus slope, Jangyeol-ri, in Korea. A total of 37 specimens were collected over 2017-2018. Morphological and sequencing analysis revealed 27 species belonging to 18 genera present in the area. Of particular interest among these species was Solorina saccata, as it has previously not been reported in Korea and most members of genus Solorina are known to inhabit alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. We provide here a taxonomic key for S. saccata alongside molecular phylogenetic analyses and prediction of potential habitats in South Korea. Furthermore, regions in South Korea potentially suitable for Solorina spp. were predicted based on climatic features of known habitats around the globe. Our results showed that the suitable areas are mostly at high altitudes in mountainous areas where the annual temperature range does not exceed 26.6 ℃. Further survey of other environmental conditions determining the suitability of Solorina spp. should lead to a more precise prediction of suitable habitats and trace the origin of Solorina spp. in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.288-295
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• 2020

Species of Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales, and Basidiomycota) are well-known ectomycorrhizal symbionts of a broad range of hosts. Laccaria species are characterized by brown, orange, or purple colored basidiocarps, and globose or oblong, echinulate and multinucleate basidiospores. While some Laccaria species are easily identified at the species level using only the morphological characteristics, others are hard to distinguish at the species level due to small differences in morphology. Heretofore, ten Laccaria species have been reported in Korea. While studying the fungal diversity in the National Parks of Korea, two new Laccaria species were discovered. Species identification was done based on molecular analyses (ITS, 28S rDNA, rpb2, and tef1), then were confirmed by their corresponding morphologies. The two newly discovered Laccaria species are proposed here as Laccaria macrobasidia and Laccaria griseolilacina. The unique morphological characters of L. macrobasidia that distinguish it from its closely related species are orange-brown colored basidiocarp, long basidia and the absence of cheilocystidia. L. griseolilacina is characterized by a light grayish lavender-colored pileus and the absence of cheilocystidia. Two new species are described and illustrated in the present paper.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

DNA barcoding, an inventory of DNA sequences from a standardized genomic region, provides a bio-barcode for identifying and discovering species. Several recent studies suggest that the sequence diversity in a 648 bp region of the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) might serve as a DNA barcode for identifying animal species such as North American birds, insects and fishes. The present study tested the effectiveness of a COI barcode in discriminating Korean bird species. We determined the 5' terminus of the COI barcode for 92 species of Korean birds and found that species identification was unambiguous; the genetic differences between closely related species were, on average, 25 times higher than the differences within species. We identified only one misidentified species out of 239 specimens in a genetic resource bank, so confirming the accuracy of species identification in the banking system. We also identified two potential composite species, calling for further investigation using more samples. The finding of large COI sequence differences between species confirms the effectiveness of COI barcodes for identifying Korean bird species. To bring greater reliability to the identification of species, increased intra- and interspecies sampling, as well as supplementation of the mitochondrial barcodes with nuclear ones, is needed.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.152-155
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• 2004

Pseudomonas sp. K82 has been reported to be an aniline-assimilating soil bacterium. However, this strain can use not only aniline as a sole carbon and energy source, but can also utilize benzoate, p-hydroxybenzoate, and aniline analogues. The strain accomplishes this metabolic diversity by using dif-ferent aerobic pathways. Pseudomonas sp. K82, when cultured in p-hydroxybenzoate, showed extradiol cleavage activity of protocatechuate. In accordance with those findings, our study attempted the puri-fication of protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase (PCD 4,5). However the purified PCD 4,5 was found to be very unstable during purification. After Q-sepharose chromatography was performed, the crude enzyme activity was augmented by a factor of approximately 4.7. From the Q-sepharose fraction which exhibited PCD 4,5 activity, two subunits of PCD4,5 (${\alpha}$ subunit and ${\beta}$ subunit) were identified using the N-terminal amino acid sequences of 15 amino acid residues. These subunits were found to have more than 90％ sequence homology with PmdA and PmdB of Comamonas testosteroni. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated to be approximately 54 kDa, suggesting that PCD4,5 exists as a het-erodimer (${\alpha}$$_1$${\beta}$$_1$). PCD 4,5 exhibits stringent substrate specificity for protocatechuate and its optimal activity occurs at pH 9 and 15 $^{\circ}C$. PCR amplification of these two subunits of PCD4,5 revealed that the ${\alpha}$ subunit and ${\beta}$ subunit occurred in tandem. Our results suggest that Pseudomonas sp. K82 induced PCD 4,5 for the purpose of p-hydroxybenzoate degradation.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2009

The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway conserved from yeast to human plays critical roles in regulation of eukaryotic cell growth. It has been shown that TOR pathway is involved in several cellular processes, including ribosome biogenesis, nutrient response, autophagy and aging. However, due to the functional diversity of TOR pathway, we do not know yet some key effectors of the pathway. To find unknown effectors of TOR signaling pathway, we took advantage of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged collection of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We analyzed protein abundance changes by measuring the GFP fluorescence intensity of 4156 GFP-tagged yeast strains under inhibition of TOR pathway. Our proteomic analysis argues that 83 proteins are decreased whereas 32 proteins are increased by treatment of rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of TOR complex 1 (TORC1). We found that, among the 115 proteins that show significant changes in protein abundance under rapamycin treatment, 37 proteins also show expression changes in the mRNA levels by more than 2-fold under the same condition. We suggest that the 115 proteins indentified in this study may be directly or indirectly involved in TOR signaling and can serve as candidates for further investigation of the effectors of TOR pathway.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

오늘날 첨단산업의 발전과 지구환경 문제의 심각성에 대한 인식이 증가하여 시멘트 산업에서도 다각화 측면에서 다양한 종류의 기술들이 활성화되고 있는 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 최근에 새로이 검토되고 있는 시멘트 대체 재료로서 천연제올라이트를 주원료로 사용한 제올라이트 시멘트 콘크리트에 관한 기초 물성에 대해 분석하는데 목적이 있으며, 악취 및 유독가스 제거기능이 우수하며 중금속, 암모니아와 같은 양이온성 오염물질을 제거하는 이온교환능, 흡착능, 분자체효과를 가지며 또한 다공성 물질이라 보온능력이 좋은 것으로 알려진 천연제올라이트와 알칼리 활성제(NaOH)의 양에 따라 콘크리트의 압축강도, 슬럼프, 블리딩 및 공기량 등을 실험하였다. 천연제올라이트 콘크리트의 압축강도 측정결과 거의 40MPa정도로 측정되었으며 슬럼프, 블리딩, 공기량 시험에서도 일반 콘크리트과 비슷한 성능을 나타내어 향후 고성능, 고기능성 건설재료로 사용 가능하다고 판단되어진다.