• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.745-754
• /
• 2011

To improve the textural properties of gluten free rice flour based products, the physicochemical and pasting properties of extruded non-waxy rice flours using extruder were investigated. The high yielding Tongil type rice variety, Hanarum was used. Hanarum rice flour was prepared by dry milling from soaked and dried rice grain. The operation conditions of twin screw extruder were 250 rpm of screw speed, $160^{\circ}C$ of barrel temperature, and 24, 27, and 30% of moisture content. Hanarum extruded rice flour (HERF) were lower in crude lipid and ash contents, but higher in crude protein than Hanarum rice flour (HRF). The color values of HERF showed significantly different (p<0.05) with different moisture contents. Water binding capacities, apparent amylose contents, and damaged starch of HERF were higher than those of HRF. Moisture contents affected water binding capacities of HERF. Solubility increased with increasing heating temperature and solubilities of HERF differed significantly (p<0.05). X-ray crystallinity was changed after extrusion cooking and that of HERF showed sharp peaks at $2{\theta}=18-20^{\circ}$. The pasting viscosities of HERF kept lower values (~ 10 RVU) constantly.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 1998

Recently pipe-framed greenhouses are widely constructed on domestic farm area. These greenhouses are extremely light-weighted structures and so are easily damaged under strong wind due to the lack of uplift resistance of foundation piles. This experiment was carried out by laboratory soil tank to investigate the displacement be haviors of cylindrical pile foundations according to the uplift loads. Tested soils were sampled from two different greenhouse areas. The treatment for each soil type are consisted of 3 different soil moisture conditions, 2 different soil depths, and 3 different soil compaction ratios. Each test was designed to be repeated 2 times and additional tests were carried out when needed. The results are summarized as follows : 1. When the soil moisture content are low and/or pile foundations are buried relatively shallow, ultimate uplift capacity of foundation soil was generated just after begining of uplift displacement. But under the high moisture conditions and/or deeply buried depth, ultimate up-lift capacity of foundation soil was generated before the begining of uplift displacement. 2. For the case of soil S$_1$, the ultimate uplift capacity of piles depending on moisture contents was found to be highest in optimum moisture condition and in the order of air dryed and saturated moisture contents. But for the case of soil S$_2$, the ultimate uplift capacity was found to be highest in optimum moisture condition and in the order of saturated and air dryed moisture contents. 3. Ultimate uplift capacities are varied depending on the pile foundation soil moisture conditions. Under the conditions of optimum soil moisture contents with 60cm soil depth, the ultimate uplift capacity of pile foundation in compaction ratio of 80%, 85%, and 90% for soil 51 are 76kg, 115kg, and 155kg, respectively, and for soil S$_2$are 36kg, 60kg, and 92kg, respectively. But considering that typical greenhouse uplift failure be occurred under saturnted soil moisture content which prevails during high wind storm accompanying heavy rain, pile foundation is required to be designed under the soil condition of saturated moisture content. 4. Approximated safe wind velosities estimated for soil sample S$_1$and S$_2$are 32.92m/s and 26.58m/s respectively under the optimum soil condition of 90% compaction ratio and optimum moisture content. But considering the uplift failure pattern under saturated moisture contents which are typical situations of high wind accompanying heavy rain, the safe wind velosities for soil sample S$_1$and S$_2$are not any higher than 20.33m/s and 22.69m/s respectively.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.1226-1229
• /
• 1999

In order to investigate the harvest time for the production of high value added ark shell(Scapharca subcrenata) cultured at the south coast of Korea, the seasonal variations of proximate composition(mois ture, protein, fat, ash and glycogen) in the edible portions of ark shell were measured from December 1994 to December 1995. Moisture contents were the lowest in spring, but the highest in summer season being the spawning season of the S. subcrenata. The other hand, protein contents were a maximum in spring and minimum in summer. In June, just before the spawning season, fat and glycogen content was the highest, and ash content was little changed through a year. After spawning season, glycogen contents, showed decrement. In evaluating the seasonal variation of protein, moisture, and glycogen content in ark shell, the relationships of moisture protein content, moisture glycogen content and glycogen protein content show to be reverse.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제53권4호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2011

Forest area covers 64 % of the national land of Korea and the forest plays a pivotal role in the hydrological process such as flood, drought, runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, etc. In this study, soil moisture monitoring for conifer forest in experimental forest of Seoul National University has been conducted using FDR (Frequency Domain Reflection) for 6 different soil layers, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 cm during 2009~2010, and precipitation data was collected from nearby AWS (Automatic Weather Station). Soil moisture monitoring data were used to estimate soil moisture recession constant (SMRC) for analyzing soil moisture recession characteristics. From the results, empirical soil moisture recession equations were estimated and validated to determine the feasibility of the result, and soil moisture contents of measured and calculated showed a similar tendency from April to November. Thus, the results can be applied for soil moisture estimation and provided the basic knowledge in forest soil moisture consumption. Nevertheless, this approach demonstrated applicability limitations during winter and early spring season due to freezing and melting of snow and ice causing peculiar change of soil moisture contents.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2000

In order to investigate the appropriate processing season and the production of high value-added products in ark shell(Scapharca subcrenata) cultured at the south coast of Korea, the foot muscle, mantle, and adductor muscle were analyzed for moisture, protein, fat, ash, and glycogen using specimens collected bimonthly from December 1994 to December 1995. The contents of moisture in foot muscle and mantle increased in spring season, however their proteins decreased in same season. Glycogen and fat in foot muscle, mantle, and adductor muscle were most abundant in June, just before the spawning season, but all the cmponsnts dwindled during spawning season. The other hand, the contents of ash in tissues were almost the same level through the year. Thus, the contents of moisture, protein, fat, and glycogen were almost the same level through the year. Thus, the contents of moisture, protein, aft, and glycogen were fluctuated by season. Especially, they showed a marked seasonal variation at before and after sparning season. So, a major cause of seasonal variation in S. subcrenata would be connected with a period of reproduction and spawning season.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.754-755
• /
• 2015

In this research, moisture contents and roof deflection of two test-bed Korean traditional timber houses, Hanoks, were monitored. The monitored houses are consisted of two types of Hanoks. One is a one-story traditional Hanok built by traditional construction method, and the other is a two-storied new-styled Hanok built by modernized construction method. The monitoring has been carried out for about thirty months. The moisture contents and roof deflections were analyzed and compared. The moisture contents of the traditional Hanok built by raw wood were somewhat higher than that of the new-styled Hanok built by glued structural wood. The mean vertical deflection of angle rafters of traditional Hanok is about twice more than that of the new-styled Hanok.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 목재펠릿의 연소 시 발생되는 타르, 재, 클링커의 생성 특성 분석과 더불어, 1등급 목재펠릿의 함수율에 따른 목재펠릿보일러의 성능 분석이 수행되었다. 타르는 목재펠릿이 연소됨에 따라 생성되어 연소실 전열면에 부착되었고, 전열면에 부착되거나 배기가스와 함께 배출되지 못한 재의 경우, 바닥면에 축적되었으며, 클링커는 3등급 목재펠릿의 연소 중에 버너부에서 생성, 고형화되는 것으로 나타났다. 목재펠릿의 등급이 결정되는 요인으로써 함수율은 중요한 요인으로 작용된다. 벌채부산물을 이용한 목재펠릿은 불균일한 함수율로 인해, 연소 생성물의 발생량이 증가되는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이에 따른 연소시스템에서의 효율 저하, 시스템 작동 오류 등의 문제점이 발생되었다. 특히, 목재펠릿의 함수율에 따른 목재펠릿보일러의 성능 분석에서, 1등급 목재펠릿의 함수율이 6.6%p 증가하였을 때, 보일러효율이 약 27.08%p 감소되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.538-543
• /
• 2009

Active clays, Diatomite, bentonite and zeolite were used as porous materials for fabricating hygroscopic gypsum boards. Pohang active clay and Cheolwon diatomite showed excellent characteristics of moisture adsorption and desorption. These characteristics were caused by higher surface area and pore volume of porous materials. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% active clay(P1) was 62.0 g/m$^2$, and moisture desorption content was 50.2 g/m$^2$. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% diatomite(P) was 59.5 g/m$^2$, and moisture desorption content was 49.0 g/m$^2$. Moisture adsorption contents of gypsum boards with porous materials were higher than that moisture desorption contents of gypsum board without porous materials. Correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture adsorption content of gypsum boards was 0.98. Also, correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture desorption content of gypsum boards was 0.97. Moisture adsorption and desorption contents were influenced by surface area and pore volume of the gypsum boards, and surface area had a larger effect on moisture adsorption and desorption.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.45-49
• /
• 1968

이 시험(試驗)은 리기다소나무의 재(材) 부분별(部分別) 함유(含有) 수분량(水分量)을 조사(調査)하기 위(爲)하여 실시(實施)된 시험(試驗)인데 조사(調査)된 재부분(材部分)은 간재(幹材)에서 심재(心材)와 변재(邊材) 그리고 기재(技材), 말목재(末木材), 근재등(根材等)이다. 이 시험(試驗)에서 사용(使用)한 시험목(試驗木)과 측정(測定)된 재부분별(材部分別) 평균함수율치(平均含水率値)는 table(l), (2)와 같고 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. (1) 리기다소나무 동계벌목재(冬季伐木材)의 각(各) 재부중(材部中)에서 함수율(含水率)이 가장 높은 부분(部分)은 말목재(末木材)이었고 가장 낮은 부분(部分)은 심재(心材)이었다. (2) 재부분별(材部分別) 함수율(含水率)을 비교(比較)하여 보면 근재(根材)와 기재간(技材間) 그리고 근재(根材)와 변재간(邊材間)에는 차이(差異)가 없었고 말목재(末木材)와 기타재부간(其他材部間) 그리고 심재(心材)와 기타재부간(其他材部間)에는 차이(差異)가 있었다. (3) 개체간(個體間)의 재부분별(材部分別) 연균(年均) 함수율간(含水率間)에는 일반적(一般的)으로 큰 변이(變異)가 없으나 기재(技材)에서는 매우 큰 변이(變異)를 나타낸다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 1987

Measurement methods of moisture content were compared with 7 dried vegetables (red pepper, onion, green onion, garlic, ginger, carrot and radish). The moisture contents of dried vegetables having different moisture contents were determined by atmospheric oven drying, infrared balance, vacuum oven and Karl Fisher methods. Vacuum oven and Karl Fisher methods gave the relatively agreed results and considered to give the accurate moisture content. Atmospheric oven drying and infrared balance methods resulted in higher moisture content than methods mentioned above, because of the thermal decomposition of solid. Calibration of the moisture data of atmospheric oven drying method into the vacuum oven data was undertaken. The thermodecomposable solid fraction was high in onion, radish, green onion and carrot, and was in the range of 8.0-11.7% of the total solid in these products.