• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.518-523
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• 2008

The mechanical properties of silicon carbide deposited by chemical vapor deposition process onto a graphite substrate are studied using nanoindentation techniques. The silicon carbide coating was fabricated in a chemical vapor deposition process with different microstructures and thicknesses. A nanoindentation technique is preferred because it provides a reliable means to measure the mechanical properties with continuous load-displacement recording. Thus, a detailed nanoindentation study of silicon carbide coatings on graphite structures was conducted using a specialized specimen preparation technique. The mechanical properties of the modulus, hardness and toughness were characterized. Silicon carbide deposited at $1300^{\circ}C$ has the following values: E=316 GPa, H=29 GPa, and $K_c$=9.8 MPa $m^{1/2}$; additionally, silicon carbide deposited at $1350^{\circ}C$ shows E=283 GPa, H=23 GPa, and $K_c$=6.1 MPa $m^{1/2}$. The mechanical properties of two grades of SiC coating with different microstructures and thicknesses are discussed.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.256-268
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• 2019

In this research, some mechanical properties of Al₂O₃-based composites containing nanoSiC and nanoMgO additives, including elasticity modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness, have been evaluated. Micron-sized Al₂O₃ powders containing 0.08 wt.% nanoMgO particles have been mixed with different volume fractions of nanoSiC particles (2.5 to 15 vol.%). Untreated samples have been sintered by using hot-press technique at temperatures of 1600 to 1750℃. The results show significant increases in the mechanical characteristics with increases in the sintering temperature and amount of nanoSiC particles, with the result that the elasticity modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness were obtained as 426 GPa, 21 GPa, and 4.5 MPa.m^1/2, respectively.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2023

Interest in aluminum alloys for the hydrogen valves of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) is growing due to the reduction in fuel efficiency by the high weight. However, when an aluminum alloy is used, deterioration in mechanical characteristics caused by hydrogen embrittlement and wear is regarded as a problem. In this investigation, the aluminum alloy used to prevent hydrogen embrittlement was subjected to surface treatments by performing hard anodizing and plasma ion nitriding processes. The hard anodized Al alloy exhibited brittleness in which the mechanical characteristics rapidly deteriorated due to porosity and defects of surface, resulting in a decrease in the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of toughness by 15.58 and 42.51%, respectively, as the hydrogen charging time increased from 0 to 96 hours. In contrast, no distinct nitriding layer in the plasma ion-nitrided Al alloy was observed due to oxide film formation and processing conditions. However, compared to 0 and 96 hours of hydrogen charging time, the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of toughness decreased by 7.54 and 13.32%, respectively, presenting excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.193-206
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• 2019

Although concrete is the most widely used construction material, its deficiency in shrinkage and low tensile resistance is undeniable. However, the aforementioned defects can be partially modified by addition of fibers. On the other hand, possibility of adding waste materials in concrete has provided a new ground for use of recycled concrete aggregates in the construction industry. In this study, a constant combination of recyclable coarse and fine concrete aggregates was used to replace the corresponding aggregates at 50% substitution percentage. Moreover, in order to investigate the effects of fibers on mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete, the amounts of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% steel fibers (ST) and 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15% polypropylene (PP) fibers by volumes were used individually and in hybrid forms. Compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), water absorption, toughness, elastic modulus and shrinkage of samples were investigated. The results of mechanical properties showed that PP fibers reduced the compressive strength while positive impact of steel fibers was evident both in single and hybrid forms. Tensile and flexural strength of samples were improved and the energy absorption of samples containing fibers increased substantially before and after crack presence. Growth in toughness especially in hybrid fiber-reinforced specimens retarded the propagation of cracks. Modulus of elasticity was decreased by the addition of PP fibers while the contrary trend was observed with the addition of steel fibers. PP fibers decreased the ultrasonic pulse velocity slightly and had undesirable effect on water absorption. However, steel fiber caused negligible decline in UPV and a small impact on water absorption. Steel fibers reduce the drying shrinkage by up to 35% when was applied solely. Using fibers also resulted in increasing the ductility of samples in failure. In addition, mechanical properties changes were also evaluated by statistical analysis of MATLAB software and smoothing spline interpolation on compressive, flexural, and indirect tensile strength. Using shell interpolation, the optimization process in areas without laboratory results led to determining optimal theoretical points in a two-parameter system including steel fibers and polypropylene.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 저속 충격에서 충격 속도에 따른 금속복합재료의 동적 거동을 연구하였다. 시험에 사용된 재료는 모재로 AC8A와 보강재로 알루미나($Al_2O_3$)와 탄소를 사용하였으며 용탕 주조법을 이용하여 금속복합재료를 제조하였다. 금속복합재료에는 15%의 부피분율을 가진 알루미나 예비성형체와 알루미나와 탄소를 각각 12%와 3% 사용한 혼합 에비성형체가 사용되었다. 제조된 금속복합재료는 인장 시험과 진동 시험을 통해 인장 강도와 탄성계수를 구하였으며, 저주파 여파기(low pass filter)와 계장화 충격 시험기를 이용하여 충격 속도에 따른 금속복합재료의 충격 거동을 연구하였다. 저주파 여파기를 이용함으로써 충격 속도에 관계없이 안정적인 실험치를 확보할 수 있었다. 충격 속도의 증가에 따라 모재와 금속복합재료의 충격에너지는 증가하였으나, 동적인성치는 일정한 값을 보였다. 충격 속도가 증가할수록 충격에너지 중 균열전파에너지의 향상이 두드러졌으며, 재료의 변형량이 증가하였다. 충격에너지 중 균열개시에너지와 동적파괴인성치의 관계를 설명하기 위하여 변형율 에너지와 노치에서의 응력 분포를 이용하여 간단한 모델을 제시하였으며, 이로부터 균열개시에너지는 동적 파괴 인성치의 자승에 비례하고 탄성계수에 반비례하는 것을 보였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.127-139
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• 2023

In this study, the steel fiber and the polypropylene fiber were used to enhance the mechanical properties of fully recycled coarse aggregate concrete. Natural crushed stone was replaced with recycled coarse aggregate at 100% by volume. The steel fiber and polypropylene fiber were used as additive material by incorporating into the mixture. In this test two parameters were considered: (a) steel fiber volume ratio (i.e., 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%), (b) polypropylene fiber volume ratio (i.e., 0%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%). The results showed that compared with no fiber, the integrity of cubes or cylinders mixed with fibers after failure was better. When the volume ratio of steel fiber was 1~2%, the width of mid-span crack after flexural failure was 5~8 mm. In addition, when the volume ratio of polypropylene fiber was 0.15%, with the increase of steel fiber content, the static elastic modulus and toughness of axial compression first increased and then decreased, and the flexural strength increased, with a range of 6.5%~20.3%. Besides, when the volume ratio of steel fiber was 1.5%, with the increase of polypropylene fiber content, the static elastic modulus decreased, with a range of 7.0%~10.5%. The ratio of axial compression toughness first increased and then decreased, with a range of 2.2%~8.7%. The flexural strength decreased, with a range of 2.7%~12.6%. On the other hand, the calculation formula of static elastic modulus and cube compressive strength of fully recycled coarse aggregate with steel-polypropylene fiber was fitted, and the optimal fiber content within the scope of the test were put forward.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.136-145
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• 1995

본 연구는 천연 굵은 골재 50%를 재생골재로 대치시켜 제조한 재생콘크리트를 일반 구조물에 사용할 수 있도록 성능을 향상시키기 위한 연구의 일환으로 수행되었다. 쇄석골재 사용시의 배합설계 방법으로 콘크리트를 제조하였고 일반적인 수중양생으로 공시체를 야생하였다. 재생콘크리트의 성능향상을 목적으로 유동화제와 플라이애쉬를 첨가하였다. 압축강도 등 각종 강도와 파괴인성 등을 측정하여 이를 일반콘크리트와 비교한 결과 재생콘크리트는 강도와 탄성계수가 낮고 변형율이 크며 파괴인성도 낮았다. 그러나 유동화제의 사용으로 물-시멘트비를 35%까지 낮추므로써 슬럼프 $16{\pm}2$cm에서 일반 구조물에 소요 압축강도보다 높은$225kg/cm^2$이상의 압축강도를 얻었다. 하지만 재생콘크리트를 일반 구조물에 사용을 위해서는 탄성계수와 변형율에 대한 향상이 필요하다. 또한 플라이애쉬의 사용은 장기 강도 증진 효과를 보이는 반면 강도 저하를 유발했다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.221-236
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• 2016

The aim of this paper is to investigate the compressive behavior and characteristics of amorphous metallic fiber-reinforced concrete (AMFRC). Compressive tests were carried out for two primary parameters: fiber volume fractions ($V_f$) of 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.8 %; and design compressive strengths of 27, 35, and 50 MPa at the age of 28 days. Test results indicated that the addition of amorphous metallic fibers in concrete mixture enhances the toughness, strain corresponding to peak stress, and Poisson's ratio at high stress level, while the compressive strength at the 28-th day is less affected and the modulus of elasticity is reduced. Based on the experimental results, prediction equations were proposed for the modulus of elasticity and strain at peak stress as functions of fiber volume fraction and concrete compressive strength. In addition, an analytical model representing the entire stress-strain relationship of AMFRC in compression was proposed and validated with test results for each concrete mix. The comparison showed that the proposed modeling approach can properly simulate the entire stress-strain relationship of AMFRC as well as the primary mechanical properties in compression including the modulus of elasticity and strain at peak stress.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.96-100
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• 1997

Tensile properties of carbon fiber reinforce composite laminates with non-woven carbon mat are evaluated in this paper. Composite laminates are made by inserting non-wovon carbon mat between layers, The specimens were cut and polished according to ASTM standard . Longitudinal and Transverse Young's modulus are obtained by tensile test. Young's moduli without non-woven carbon mat are compared with those with non-woven carbon mat. Longitudinal and Transverse tensile strength are also investigated. Experimental results show that the transverse Young's modulus of composite materials with non-woven carbon mat is about 10% higher than that of composite materials without non-woven carbon mat. Longitudinal tensile strength of composite materials with non-woven carbon mat is about 24% higher than that of composite materials without non-woven carbon mat. Transverse tensile strength and torughness also increase by inserting non-woven carbon mat between layers.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.690-700
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• 1998

Rubber-toughened particles which are used in the field of chemical engineering are used to increase the fracture toughness of thermoset resin. The application of Core-Shell particles, one of rubber-toughened particles, as a filler for dental composite or restoration have not been examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible use of Core-Shell particles for dental composite, and the hypothesis was that additional toughening mechanisms are activated by the addition of Core-Shell particles. After blending 50vol% quartz with Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin matrix, the experimental resins were made by the addition of Core-Shell particles with varied content level as 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, and 20wt%. Fracture toughness was determined on three-point bending specimen with single-edge notch according to ASTM-E 399. Also, flexural properties, that is, strength and modulus were measured by three-point bending testing. Fractogragh of fracture toughness specimen was observed using SEM (JEOL 6400 SEM, MA). The following results from this study were obtained ; 1. Fracture toughness of composite resin added 2.5wt% Core-Shell particles was significantly higher than control group ($p{\leq}0.05$). 2. Flexural properties were decreased with increasing Core-Shell particle content, which showed a correlation statistically ($p{\leq}0.05$). 3. A toughening mechanism such as lamination and microcrack was observed in specimen determined high fracture toughness. 4. The dispersion of Core-Shell itself and quartz filler particles was limited present high content of Core-Shell particles, which decreased a resulting mechanical properties of composites. These results suggest that adequate Core-Shell particles can be used to enhance mechanical properties included toughening for dental composites.