• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 1997

Effect of modified atmosphere packaging conditions on quality changes of dry jujube was investigated. Dry jujubes with moisture content of 26.7% were packaged in PET/Al/PE film pouches with modified atmospheres. The tested packages include those with normal air, vacuum, CO2 flushing, N2 flushing and O2 scavenger. Packages were stored at 25$^{\circ}C$ for 6 months, during which ascorbic acid concentration, browning level, titratable acidity and surface color were measured. Generally modified atmosphere packages could improve quality retention of dry jujubes except that vacuum package resulted in large surface color change. CO2-flushed package showed the best quality retention of high ascorbic acid content and low browning during 112 days, but caused high amounts of ascorbic acid destruction and browning in longer storage. In all the modified atmosphere packages titratable acidity reached a maximum followed by decline and subsequent rise, while it increased linearly with time in normal air package. Considering ascorbic acid retention browning level and surface color changes during 112 days, the packages of CO2 flushing and N2 flushing were better than others.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2007

The method to characterize the fresh produce respiration was presented with possible application of modified atmosphere package design. Particularly the respiration model based on enzyme kinetics was introduced as function of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations. The method to estimate the equilibrated package atmosphere for any package conditions was presented by incorporation of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ permeabilities of the packaging film. Temperature dependences for fresh produce respiration and gas permeation were given by Arrhenius equation and then used to analyze the effect of temperature on the package atmosphere. An example analysis was presented for better understanding of the concept.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1137-1142
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• 1998

Modified atmosphere packagings were designed by combining the respiration characteristics of the enoki mushroom at 10oC and the measured film permeabilities to O2 and CO2 gases to attain the beneficial package atmosphere were fabricated and tested during storage. The packages of 100g size with 30 m low density polyethylene and cast polypropylene showed the good agreement between estimated and experimental package atmospheres. However, polyvinylchloride stretch wrap packs showed the gas composition close to the air, which was due to leaking of stretch wrapping. The CPP package attaining O2 below 1% and CO2 concentration of 15~20% gave the best retention of quality and thus the longest shelf life among the tried packages, and it was superior to the others in the Hunter L value, stipe elongation and sensory qualties.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2020

Al-laminated packaging film incorporating ascorbic acid or tocopherol at inner food contact layer was tested in the potential to improve antioxidative preservation of powdered infant formula under CO₂-enriched atmosphere. Product of 200 g was packaged with the packaging film containing 0.3% antioxidant in sealant layer of low density polyethylene and stored at 30℃ for 286 days with periodic measurement of package atmosphere and product's quality attributes. The CO₂-flushed package resulted in shrinkage of tight contact between the product and the film not allowing gas sampling of package atmosphere after 140 days. Package of tocopherol-incorporated film allowed some ingress of oxygen after 112 days presumably due to its weakening of heat-seal area. The increased oxygen concentration in the tocopherol-added film package led to the concomitant increase of peroxide value, an index of lipid oxidation. On the other hand, packaging of ascorbic acid-added film pouch could suppress lipid oxidation marginally in consistent manner compared to control package without any antioxidant.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2022

Packages of different atmospheres (air (control), 100% CO₂, vacuum, and vacuum + O₂ absorber) were prepared for 0.4 kg rice cake (ddukgukdduk) using gas-barrier plastic film and stored at 10℃ for 11 days. The stored products were evaluated in their packages atmosphere, total aerobic bacteria, yeast and molds, texture and sensory quality during storage period. In the air package, the O₂ concentration decreased from initial 21% to 16% on storage 4 days and the CO₂ concentration increased to 23% on storage of 11 days, which resulted from the growth of microorganisms. CO₂ concentration decreased from initial 98% to 36% on storage 11 days in the 100% CO₂ package. It is reasoned that CO₂ was dissolved into the product reducing the volume of the package. Vacuum and vacuum +O₂ absorber package maintained shrunk vacuum condition until 11 days of storage. Total aerobic bacteria count increased significantly in the control package (6.41 log (cfu/g) after 11 days) compared to the 100% CO₂ package (4.96 log (cfu/g) after 11 days). Yeast and molds were 6.66 in control package, 3.43 in 100% CO₂ package, 4.66 in vacuum package, and 3.78 in vacuum + O₂ absorber package after 11 days. There was no significant difference between control and the other treatments for the texture of the stored products. Sensory quality was the worst in control package on the storage of 8 days. All treatment groups except control improved the quality preservation, but vacuum and vacuum + O₂ absorber packages suffered from cracking of the product. Thus 100% CO₂ flushing is suggested as a desired packaging condition.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

신선 농산물의 필름포장은 적정의 저온저장 시에는 적정 변형기체조건 유지로 품질유지가 양호하나, 상대적으로 온도가 높은 판매유통단계에서는 적정조건의 유지가 어려워 품질손실이 발생한다. 저온저장과 판매유통단계에서 농산물 주위에 적정 변형기체(modified atmosphere, MA)조성을 유지하는 개별(1차)포장/2차 포장의 결합 및 해체 개념을 설계한 마스터 포장 시스템이 최근에 제안되고, 단감, 큰느타리 버섯, 밤, 딸기에 대해서 적용된 바 있다. 온도에 따라 다른 농산물의 호흡과 포장의 기체이동 현상의 상호관계를 이용한 마스터 포장 시스템의 개념을 체계화하고, 적정 MA 유지를 위한 설계변수의 조합을 살펴보았다. 바람직한 포장기체조성을 형성 유지할 수 있는 마스터 포장 시스템의 설계를 위한 수학적 모델이 제시되었다. 아울러 마스터 포장 시스템의 이점과 함께 적용을 위한 한계에 대해서 논의하였다. 마스터 포장 시스템의 적용 확대를 위한 미래의 연구방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1994

Fresh ginseng was packed by using available commercial plastic films of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cast polypropylene (CPP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). PVC was used as a wrapping on polystyrene tray, and CPP and LDPE were applied as pouch packages. Gas composition of the package and keeping quality of ginseng in the packages were evaluated for 20 day storage at 5$^{\circ}C$. LDPE (27$\mu\textrm{m}$ thick) Package modified the Package atmosphere to 11.7% O2 and 2.1% CO2, gave low microbial growth and good sensory score after 20 day storage.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제18권1_2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

흑미를 첨가하여 제조한 기능성 찐빵에 변형기체포장으로 적용하여 저장성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 흑미 첨가 찐빵은 미생물적으로 매우 민감하여서 쉽게 부패될 수 있는 특성을 가지고 있으며, 이를 억제할 수 있는 변형기체 포장이 저장성 향상과 유통기한 연장에 기여할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 미생물적 품질과 관능적 품질에 근거하여 각 포장조건 별 저장수명은 함기 포장에서는 5일 미만, 질소 포장에서는 5일, 이산화탄소 60%/질소 40% 포장에서는 8일, 이산화탄소 100% 포장에서는 15일로 설정할 수 있었다. 하지만 이산화탄소 포함 변형기체 조건에서도 노화에 의한 texture 변화는 계속 진행되므로, 이러한 저장수명 연장에의 변형기체 포장의 적용은 찐빵의 재가열 등의 상황에서 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Enzyme kinetics-based respiration model can be effectively used for estimating respiration rate in $O_2$ consumption and $CO_2$ production of fresh produce as a function of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ concentrations. Arrhenius equation can be applied to describe the temperature dependence of the respiration rate. Parameters of enzyme kinetics-based respiration model and activation energy of Arrhenius equation were compiled from analysis of literature data and closed system experiment. They enable to estimate the respiration rate for any modified atmosphere conditions at temperature of interest and thus can be used for design of modified atmosphere packaging of fresh produce.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.240-243
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• 2001

Fresh pasta was packaged in a modified atmosphere of 22% $CO_2$/78% $N_2$ and compared with a control air package for its quality changes during storage at 8$^{\circ}C$. The modified atmosphere packaging suppressed the microbial growth of total aerobic bacteria and yeasts/molds with a concomitant reduction in the rates of physical and chemical quality changes, and thus successfully extended the shelf life of fresh packs from 20 days of air packs to 40 days based on microbial criterion of 10$^{6}$ cfu/g. The shelf life extension was greater when the initial microbial quality of the product was better.