• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.456-466
• /
• 2015

Today, a definition of tourism is shifting from simple sightseeing to experiencing various cultures directly and/or indirectly. Along with the shift, all countries of the world dedicate their full attention on globalization project. In order to do so, they try to promote their images and cultures through eating and drinking spaces for food where the rest of the world can approach with ease. China is a country of diverse culinary culture. By analyzing eating and drinking spaces operated in four Chinese cities, this research studies how the traditional Chinese elements are expressed in modernization. With the research, it will navigate a direction as a new design way to establish modernized traditionality in the future. The research conducted an advanced research that set up and analyzed a standard frame of realizing practice for traditionality. By doing so, it sorted out and reviewed the characteristics of interior space into four styles; an indicative imitation method, a partial invoked method, a partial transformation method and a conceptual reception method. According to the outcome of an analysis, (a) the indicative imitation method that directly employed Chinese tradition was most used one, followed by (b) the partial invoked method that carried a part of traditional space, (c) the partial transformation method that simplified or transformed the tradition, and (d) the conceptual reception method that interpreted hidden minds and concepts by illustrating modern spirit over an inherent order in traditional Chinese space, in respective order.

• Architectural research
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 2019

In modern times, numerous cities are competing to create the unique skyline adjacent to the water. Tall buildings located across the river have a great contribution to the skyline of a riverfront city and can be a precious asset for the city. Moreover, in several cities, tall buildings and their impact on the urban skyline are a matter that should be considered and regulated in urban design. Therefore, as a prominent element in a larger visual setting of the city, tall buildings should improve the visual quality of the skyline rather than diminish that quality. This research attempts to provide an objective method to analyze the visual quality of the skyline made by a group of tall buildings through their feature of heights and spatial arrangement from riverfront views. The analysis is determined by the design variables of building heights variation, heights transition, density, and spacing of a group of tall buildings. A comparative case study of tall buildings in Yeouido and Lujiazui was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the analysis. The proposed method can be used in a simple way in the quantitative approach to quantify the visual quality of the skyline. In conclusion, Yeuido's skyline is not quite interesting from the riverfront view in terms of height variation and continuity of the skyline view because they are dispersed. Conversely, Lujiazui's skyline from the riverfront vantage points has a good quality in all aspects of the feature of height and spatial arrangements of tall buildings cluster. These factors can be used for the urban designer on how proposed tall buildings within the cluster should appropriately respond to adding image on the skyline.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.1196-1213
• /
• 2020

There is a growing interest in the development of smart environments through predicting the behaviors of inhabitants of smart spaces in the recent past. Various smart services are deployed in modern smart cities to facilitate residents and city administration. Prediction algorithms are broadly used in the smart fields in order to well equip the smart services for the future demands. Hence, an accurate prediction technology plays a vital role in the smart services. In this paper, we take out an extensive survey of smart spaces such as smart homes, smart farms and smart cars and smart applications such as smart health and smart energy. Our extensive survey is based on more than 400 articles and the final list of research studies included in this survey consist of 134 research papers selected using Google Scholar database for period of 2008 to 2018. In this survey, we highlight the role of prediction algorithms in each sub-domain of smart Internet of Things (IoT) environments. We also discuss the main algorithms which play pivotal role in a particular IoT subfield and effectiveness of these algorithms. The conducted survey provides an efficient way to analyze and have a quick understanding of state of the art work in the targeted domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first survey paper on main categories of prediction algorithms covering statistical, heuristic and hybrid approaches for smart environments.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2019

현대사회의 속도가 가속화됨에 따라 사람들의 생활도 빠르게 흘러가게 되었다. 즉 카페는 사람들이 필요로 하는 도시의 휴식처가 되었으며 스타벅스의 현지화가 더욱 확대됨에 따라 각양각색의 테마 카페들 사이에서 어떻게 두각을 드러내었는지, 카페 공간의 환경 디자인에서 어떤 뚜렷한 특징을 드러내었는지 연구가 필요하게 되었다. 본 논문의 연구 범위로는 중국의 상하이, 쑤저우, 선전, 베이징 네 곳과 한국의 부산, 서울, 경주, 제주 네 곳이며 이러한 지역의 스타벅스 실내 환경 디자인을 현지조사를 하였다. 한국과 중국의 카페 내부 환경의 디자인 특징과 스타일을 대조하였으며 공간 디자인의 각 요소를 분석하여 한국과 중국의 스타벅스 환경 디자인의 차이점을 종합하였다. 동시에 향후 카페 디자인 전략의 방향과 향후 발전될 디자인에 대해 제기하였으며 조사결과 스타벅스 브랜드의 실내 환경 디자인은 주로 지역 문화의 특징이 두드러지는 것으로 나타났다. 현지 경제 문화의 특징에 근거하여 유행하는 문화 요소를 표현하였고 특징 있는 카페 브랜드 문화를 만들어내며 카페 시장의 활발한 발전을 이끌었다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제23권8호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2023

Due to Traffic accidents people faces health and economical casualties around the world. As the population increases vehicles on road increase which leads to congestion in cities. Congestion can lead to increasing accident risks due to the expansion in transportation systems. Modern cities are adopting various technologies to minimize traffic accidents by predicting mathematically. Traffic accidents cause economical casualties and potential death. Therefore, to ensure people's safety, the concept of the smart city makes sense. In a smart city, traffic accident factors like road condition, light condition, weather condition etcetera are important to consider to predict traffic accident severity. Several machine learning models can significantly be employed to determine and predict traffic accident severity. This research paper illustrated the performance of a hybridized neural network and compared it with other machine learning models in order to measure the accuracy of predicting traffic accident severity. Dataset of city Leeds, UK is being used to train and test the model. Then the results are being compared with each other. Particle Swarm optimization with artificial neural network (PSO-ANN) gave promising results compared to other machine learning models like Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, Nearest Centroid, K Nearest Neighbor Classification. PSO- ANN model can be adopted in the transportation system to counter traffic accident issues. The nearest centroid model gave the lowest accuracy score whereas PSO-ANN gave the highest accuracy score. All the test results and findings obtained in our study can provide valuable information on reducing traffic accidents.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.117-130
• /
• 2010

The main objective of this research was to understand the characteristics of contrast color coordination through the analysis of modern woman fashion color coordination as they appear in the 'Collections' from '04 SS to '09/'10 AW. Data collection of 122 was done through review of '$pr{\hat{e}}t$-$\grave{a}$-porter Collections' of four cities; Milan, London, New York, Paris. Statistical analysis of frequency and qualitative interpretation of contrast color coordination characteristics were completed. The main findings were as follows; (1) The combined color type of 'red+blue' and 'yellow+blue' were the most frequently appeared in the same ratio, and followed by 'green+violet', 'red+yellow', 'green+orange', and 'orange+violet'. The contrast tone showed the most, and followed by the similarity and identity, and the type of tone harmony used differently according to the type of contrasting color combination. (2) The general characteristics of contrasting color harmony were as follows,; Some contrasting colors looked harmonious when used light colors and the contrast between light and dull colors which made the hues even more harmonious. Also combinations of dull colors which work well with other dull colors or vivid colors. Light & vivid color or light & dark color, however, often showed too much contrast and using two contrasting vivid colors presented awkward and restless look. When used one vivid color and one dark color, a little easier to looked at, but still not particularly elegance or effectively harmonious. (3) The types of contrasting color harmony showed some differences between seasons. Contrasting color harmony showed more frequently in the S/S collections than in A/W collections.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2017

대도시의 발전과정에서 각종 문제가 지속적으로 발생하기 때문에, 도시가 몰락하지 않도록 하기 위해서는 대도시 재생문제가 도시문제의 중대한 사항으로 대두되지 않도록 해왔다. 본 논문은 대도시 재생의 발전 배경부터 시작하여, 현재 각국에서 연구하고 있는 대도시 재생문제 현상에 대해 다룬다. 사례들을 선별, 분석하고 평가하는 과정을 통해, 연구가치가 비교적 높은 사례들 찾아서 분석하였다. 사례분석을 통해 선진국들의 대도시 재생문제에 대한 우수한 조치를 알 수 있고, 다른 각도에서 대도시 재생문제 해결가능성과 방법을 찾을 수 있다. 생태디자인 전략 라운드와 리스트 이런 연구 방법과 사례분석 결과에 따라서 산업단지의 건설 초기에는 문화적 가치를 발굴하는 것이 필요하고, 중기에는 상업과의 충분한 결합이 되도록 진행하는 것이 필요하며, 후기에 와서는 환경의 후속적 보호 작업에 잘 맞는지에 대해서 중요시되어야 한다.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.21-33
• /
• 2005

The main objective of this research was to understand the characteristics of identical color coordination through the analysis of modern female fashion color coordination as they appear in the 'Collections'. Data collection of 2026 was done through review of '$pr\hat{e}t-\grave{a}$-porter Collections' of four cities; Milan, London, New York, Paris. Lastly, statistical analysis of frequency and $X^2$-test and also qualitative interpretation of identical color coordination characteristics were completed. The main findings were; The color coordination of modern women's fashion produces a unified theme, or monochromatic harmony, through the use and coordination of identical colors. The clear contrast of tones portrays a strong image especially in achromatic color coordination, and through the use of texture variation, monochromatic color coordination becomes even more compelling. The tone variation, observed most often in monochromatic color coordination was the black and white contrast, which enhances the simplicity and clarity. Within chromatic color combinations, tone on tone color coordination was achieved by varying brightness. Furthermore, the observation of Faux Camaeu indicates that the coordination of different textures is used often in identical color coordination. While achromatic colors can lead to a hard and rough feeling, it also is compensated through the use of varying textures. In addition, adding variety of textures can add subtle interests to the simplicity of white. Lastly, in all four collections, the chromatic identical color coordination was found more frequently than the achromatic. In Paris, N.Y. & London, the chromatic identical coordination was used more often than chromatic. Milan showed most use of achromatic coordination. The use of the tones showed similar trends in all four collections, with contrasting tone being used most often, followed by similar and identical tones.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.239-243
• /
• 2009

지방자치단체의 도입과 정착으로 지역 간의 다양한 경쟁으로 도시마케팅에 대한 중요성이 매우 증대되고 있다. 이에 따라 지역발전을 위한 일련의 활성화 정책들이 등장하기 시작하고 이 과정에서 지역들이 갖고 있는 고유의 역사와 문화는 훌륭한 핵심수단으로 인식되기 시작했다. 도시가 경쟁력을 갖기 위해 그 도심만의 유 무형의 자원을 개발하여 이를 매력적인 자산으로 활용하는 것이 그 출발점이라 할 수 있다. 그 지역이 갖는 도시정체성을 확립하고 이를 위해 특별한 장소 만들기를 위한 계기가 필요하다. 이러한 도시정체성은 그 도시가 지금까지 지내온 시간을 바탕으로 한다. 이러한 역사적인 요소를 통해 지역의 이미지를 제고시키는 전략을 개발하여 대외적인 홍보방안 수립을 위한 이미지 강화 프로그램을 제안하고 한다. 대전시에 존재하는 문화적 요소인 근대 역사물의 보존과 활용을 통해 지역의 매력적인 도시로서 이미지를 제고 시키고 도시 정체성에 대한 포지셔닝을 구축하고, 지속가능한 도시 재생에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.425-430
• /
• 2008

Residential architecture was a lot more changed due to adopting modern residential type since 1960s. But people in farm houses are still living in a space of their past life causing a discrepancy. For this reason, the paper will identify the changed use for farm houses focusing on their plane views, and reason for the changed use as well. The result of this paper is expected to play a role for practical data to reasonably change and re-model farm houses located in back of cities such as Hyunpoong area. Targeted area for this paper, in order to survey change in residential environment due to industrialization and modernization, has narrowed down to 42 farm houses which are located Yuga-Myun, Hyunpoong-Gun, Dalsung-Gun where tradition and modern characteristics are harmonized being built before 1960s Researching relied on both documentary records and survey on the site, and survey on documentary records was performed in a way that preceding research for changed use of residential area was to be compared with people's farm houses in Kyeongsang-Do area, and survey on the site was carried out by photographing and land surveying and interview and analysis for them, and finally we acquired the result by analyzing use of interior for houses and plane view and relations between culture and social environment. From the result of this paper, there was a trend that farm houses had been improved function of a specific space by enlarging space and enlarged construction for inner rooms. And among spaces, kitchen and bath room was mostly enlarged its left side, and inner room had mostly enlarged its rear side, and kitchen was frequently enlarged in its side space. These kinds of variation in space is believed to be result of change of life style and house facilities