• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.268-284
• /
• 1995

This study was designed to test effects of nursing ethics education (NEE) on moral reasoning and ethical decision making of subjects. This NEE that was teached for 10 hours course was composed of these : Nurses' ethical code, moral responsibility, Moral value and professional accountability, Respect for human life, General ethics, Theory and Norms of biomedical ethics, Ethical decision making model and Discussion about hypothetical ethical dilemmas Twenty-five senior student nurses were sampled from four year college of nursing from Nov. 3rd, 1993 to Nov. 24th, 1993. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires included two kinds of tests. Rest's Defining Issues Test was adopted to measure the stage of moral development, which was classified with the stage 2 (instrumental relativist orientation), the stage 3 (interpersonal concordance), the stage 4 (law and order), the stage 5A (societal consensus), and the stage 5B (intuitional humanism), the stage 6 (universal ethical practice). In particular, the level of principled thinking (P) was measured by summing these scores of the stages 5A, 5B, and 6. The possible range of P is 0 to 95. As for measuring the levels of morality and nursing dilemma, Crisham's Nursing Dilemma Test was adopted. This test generated the morality score(MS) and the dilemma score (DS). The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mc Nemar's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were as follows ; 1. For the Moral Reasoning both before and after NEE, The Mean score of the stage 5A was significantly higher than that of other stages.(P=0.0001) Before NEE, the mean score of the stage 4 was significantly different from stage 2, 3, 5A, and after NEE, different from stage 2, 5B,6. 2. The analysis of change of moral development level revealed that the score of stage 4 increased after NEE.(P=0.0004) 3. The Effect of NEE for the mean score of 5A, 6, P after education was significantly different by birth place. 4. With regard to the five dilemmas postulated such as forcing medication performing cardiac pulmonary resuscitation, reporting a medication error, informing diagnosis to terminally ill adult, and providing new-nurse orientation, the mean score of the MS and the DS was no significant difference with general characteristics of the students. Effect of NEE morality score and dilemma score after education was no significant difference. 5. As for the correlations between moral reasoning and decision making, the score of the stage 2, 5A, 6, DS was positively correlated with the scores of before and after. Positive correlation was also observed between the scores of stage 2 and stage 4, stage 3 and 6. On the other hand, the score of P was negatively correlated with the scores of stage 2 and of stage 4 and of stage 5A. The score of the stage 5A was also negatively correlated with the score of the sge 6.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.327-333
• /
• 2014

해상에서의 충돌사고 예방을 위한 충돌회피 원칙 및 각종 항법 등을 규정하고 있는 국제해상충돌예방규칙은 선박 간 충돌회피를 위한 초기대응 기준에 대해 대부분 선박 운항자 경험 및 주관적 판단에 의해 결정하도록 명시되어 있다. 그러나 초임 해기사나 학생들은 선박 운항 환경을 종합적으로 판단할 수 있는 경험 및 능력이 부족하므로, 충돌방지를 위한 최소한의 정량적인 초동조치 기준을 제시해 줌으로써 충돌사고를 효과적으로 예방할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 해상충돌예방규칙 및 기존 충돌위험 관련 연구 동향을 분석하였으며, 다양한 승선경력을 가진 선박 운항자들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 선박 간 조우관계에 따라 주관적으로 판단하는 최소 안전 이격거리와 초기대응의 개시 거리 및 변침각도를 조사하였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 기초로 선박 조우 관계별 충돌회피를 위한 초기 동작이 필요한 거리, 안전 이격거리 및 변침각도를 제시한다. 초기대응 기준은 해양사고 예방뿐만 아니라 점진적인 운항 기술의 향상에 기여할 것이다.

• 벤처창업연구
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2014

최근 들어 창업 수요가 증가함에 따라 다양한 분야에서 창업교육이 이뤄지고 있다. 아울러 창업교육의 양적인 증가와 더불어 체계적이고 효과적인 창업교육 방법의 전문성이 요구되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 주목받고 있는 창업 멘토링 교육 요인을 교육 콘텐츠 특성, 교육시스템, 멘토 역량으로 분류하여 이러한 요인들이 창업교육 만족도 및 창업의지에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검증하였다. 실증 분석 결과를 요약하면 첫째, 창업 멘토링 교육 요인중에서 교육 콘텐츠 특성과 멘토 역량이 창업교육의 만족도를 높게 하는 것으로 분석되었고, 창업 멘토링 교육 콘텐츠 특성과 시스템은 창업의지에도 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 창업교육의 효과적인 방법으로 확산되고 있는 창업 멘토링 교육에서 우수한 교육 콘텐츠 확보와 멘토 역량 강화의 중요성을 강조함으로써 향후 다양한 분야에서의 창업 멘토링 운영방향을 제시했다는 점에서 시사점이 있다고 하겠다.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.439-455
• /
• 1998

This is the descriptive investigation study intended to provide basic informations to develop concrete method of nurse arbitration which can improve the quality of nursing care on family by investigating and analyzing the perception and practice on family nursing of clinical nurse. 332 nurses working in 4 university hospitals in Seoul have been the object and the collection of data have been conducted by visiting cooperated by the department of nursing in university hospital from April 4th through April 17th 1998. The measuring instrument of the perception and the practice on family nursing which was written by the researcher was used based on the family nursing arbitration by recently amending Calgary Family Arbitration of the Model of Wright & Leahey. Cronbach's a value of this instrument was .9288 in the perception and .9168 in the practice the collected data have been analyzed by frequency percentage, averaged value. t-test, F-test(ANOVA), Duncan's Multiple Range, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and the results are as the follows: 1. The perception on patient's family nursing of clinical nurse showed comparatively high by 3.22 in average(maximum 3.52, minimum 2.82) on the basis of 4 point but the practice showed low by average 2.47(maximum 3.02, minimum 2.11), By providing the patients and their family with "The information about the health problem of the which is the role of giving explanation and information about the disease. the nurse presents the method of their helping patient and in case that the family lack of knowledge about the health problem and crisis of the patient which is the role of education about the method of solving the crisis and change. the nurse educates about the necessity and method of taking care of the crisis and the changes. The third question that the relation of recognizing the difficuly of family and cooperating with them in supporting the patient for mutual function is to be formed showed high in the degree of perception and practice of the necessity. 2. General characteristics of perception about patient's family nursing of the object showed no significant difference except the concerns about the family usually(F=5.472. p<.001) and general characteristics which showed significant difference in the degree of practice were educational background (F=3.177, p<.05), clinical experience (F=2.462, p<.05) and position(F=7.029. p<.001), and attention about patient's family(F=10.603, p<.001), 3. The relation between perception and practice about the nursing on patient's family showed pure correlation but the degree was very low(r=.188, p<.05). The above results showed that the clinical nurses has been high understanding about the necessity of patient's family nursing but the degree of practice has been very low due to the lack of education about the family nursing, having no ways of nurse arbitration for practical duty and lack of political administrative support. Therefore concrete and systematic family situation and arbitration method to be applied clinically are required to be developed and also the education about patient's family nursing and the development of the course for clinical practice are required and political and administrative support for clinical practice about patient's family nursing is required as well.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제63권6호
• /
• pp.459-472
• /
• 2019

이 연구는 논의-기반 모델링 전략을 적용한 일반화학실험 수업에서 글쓰기 대상에 따른 과학 글쓰기가 예비 화학교사들의 모델링 능력 및 모델링에 대한 인식에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 또한 이와 함께 예비 화학교사들의 화학개념 이해에 미치는 영향도 알아보았다. 이를 위해서 사범대학 화학교육과에 재학 중인 예비 화학교사 1학년 18명을 대상으로 11개 주제의 논의-기반 모델링 전략을 적용한 일반화학실험 수업을 진행하였다. 화학개념 이해는 사전과 사후의 화학개념 이해 검사 점수에 대한 효과크기를 비교하였다. 모델링 능력은 예비 화학교사들이 제시하는 모델을 설명, 표상화, 의사소통의 3가지 영역으로 구분하여 집단의 효과크기를 분석하였으며, 모델링에 대한 인식을 알아보기 위해서 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과, 예비 화학교사의 화학개념 이해와 모델링 능력은 글쓰기 대상인 독자의 수준이 낮은 경우, 효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며 글쓰기 대상에 따른 집단에서 모델링에 대한 인식은 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 모델링 과정을 경험함에 따라 예비 화학교사들의 응답이 더 구체적으로 변해가는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권9호
• /
• pp.377-385
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 동태적 분석방법을 이용한 경제적 사후영향평가를 통해 기 체결한 14건의 FTA 이행이 국내 농업부문에 미친 영향을 분석하였다. 2015년 기준 전체 농산물 수입액 중 FTA 체결국으로부터의 수입 비중은 82.4%에 달한다. 분석에는 농업부문 세부 품목별 피해액 계측이 용이하고 품목별, 용도별 관세철폐일정을 모형에 반영할 수 있는 장점을 가진 부분균형 모형이면서 농업부문에 국한된 일반균형모형인 한국농촌경제연구원의 KASMO 2015 모형이 사용되었다. 분석 결과, FTA 이행으로 축산업과 과수 산업을 중심으로 농업 생산액이 상당히 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 기존의 선행연구 대부분이 개별 FTA에 대한 사후영향평가에 국한되었으며, 이는 다수의 FTA 이행으로 무역창출과 무역전환 효과, FTA 누적효과 등이 혼재되어 있다는 점을 반영하지 못한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 농업부문에서의 FTA 효과를 보다 객관적이고 종합적으로 평가하였고, 이는 향후 FTA 국내보완대책 수정 보완에 필요한 정책방향을 제시하는데 어느 정도 기여하였다. 물론, FTA 효과에서 국내보완대책과 일반 농정사업의 성과를 분리할 수 있는 보다 정교한 분석이 추가적으로 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2018

In this study, the differences of holding power according to the shape and weight distribution of concrete weight used in shellfish shell fishery were investigated through the experiments. To investigate the differences in shape, five bar-shaped concrete weights with the same length and different cross-sectional shapes were produced. The sectional shape of each weight was square, triangle, circle, small cross, and large cross (SQ, TR, CI, CR-S, CR-L). Ten rectangular parallelepiped weights with different bottom area and cross-sectional area were produced. To investigate the differences by the weight distribution, the holding power on the square model (SQ) with six 50 g weights at different positions was investigated. All the holding power was obtained by measuring the tensile force generated when the concrete weight was pulled at a constant speed on the sand. As a result, there were no differences in holding power between the ten rectangular weights. However, the experiment on weights with different cross-sectional shapes showed differences in holding power. The holding power was higher in the order of CR-L > CR-S > CI > TR > SQ. In the weight distribution test, the holding power was higher as the front side of the weight was heavier. Generally, the frictional force is the same even if the shape is different, when two objects have the same value in the weight and the roughness. On the other hand, it seems to have a large impact when the shape of the bottom is deformed in the course of pulling the object. Particularly, the larger the degree of protrusion like cruciform weights, the more the holding power increased while deeply digging the bottom. It is also likely that the holding power increases as the front weight increases.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.477-482
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 순환골재와 순환골재/제강슬래그 조합을 이용하여 수용액상에서 $Cr^{6+}$과 $As^{3+}$ 흡착 특성을 평가하였다. 순환골재와 제강슬래그의 주요 성분(CaO, $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$)이 각각 91%와 86.9% 함유되어 흡착제로서 유리한 조성을 가지고 있다. 순환골재와 순환골재/제강슬래그 조합에 있어서 $Cr^{6+}$과 $As^{3+}$의 동역학적 평형은 각각 180 min과 360 min 이후에 도달하였다. 동적흡착결과를 유사 1차 모델과 유사 2차 모델로 분석한 결과 두 모델 모두 더딘 평형 결과를 나타냈다. 순환골재와 순환골재/제강슬래그 조합에 있어서, 평형흡착 실험은 Freundlich 모델에 잘 부합했고, $Cr^{6+}$보다 $As^{3+}$의 흡착량이 더 높았다. 용액의 pH가 6에서 10으로 증가함에 따라서 $As^{3+}$의 흡착률은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, $Cr^{6+}$는 감소를 나타냈다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 순환골재 및 순환골재/제강슬래그 조합은 중금속($Cr^{6+}$, $As^{3+}$)을 효율적으로 제거할 수 있는 흡착제로 판단된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.331-340
• /
• 2000

Primary school is regarded as an important period when many health-related behaviors and life-styles begin to be formed. Acquiring them through school heath education has a strong influence on the health promotion of not only the family but also the community. The objectives of this study were to evaluate current oral health care of elementary schools in Chungnam province and to provide information for further development in elementary school oral health. We performed a questionnaire survey to 280 health teachers and among them, 155 teachers answered. The result of this study were as follows: 1. Sixty five percent of the health teachers had little interest in oral health. Major information sources for teaching oral health were books in 58.1% of the 155 teachers and 83.2% of teachers spent 30 minutes to 1hour per day in oral health care practice for the students. 2. Contents of the oral health education were composed of regular and special curriculums, and an average of education time during a semester was 2.6 hours in 3rd grade, and 1.3 hours in first and second grade. 60.6% of the teachers made the children practice the proper method of tooth brushing during the education time. 3. Major problems in oral health education were insufficient time, lack of equipment and difficulty in teaching method. The educational media were tooth models among 91.0% and OHP among 85.2% of the teachers. The tooth model was usually used in first to fourth grades and OHP in fifth to sixth grades. But 63.9% health teachers need to develop stronger educational methods using multimedia. 4. Meanwhile the most important strategy of oral health in urban schools was health education, that of rural schools was fluoride mouth-rinsing programme. Fluoride mouth-rinsing programmes were performed by 60.0% of the elementary school. Periodic dental examination was performed in all elementary schools. 98.2% of the schools sent the results home through school notification letters, but post-examination management was performed in only 67.1% of them 64.5% of the health teachers do follow-ups on the oral disease of the children after the examination. Only 0.7% of the schools have oral health education plans for the students' parents. Considering these major strategies for elementary school oral health care were health education, practicing proper methods of tooth brushing, periodic dental examinations, and fluoride mouth-rinsing programmes. But health teachers need more time for oral health education, practicing and management, and developing education materials. With regard to the high demand for oral health education and poor follow-up after periodic examination, the oral health education in elementary school should be considered as a formal educational course for more proper management of oral health, including application of major strategies to the children in earlier grades and efforts for increasing recognition and participation of the parents.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제13권10호
• /
• pp.209-218
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 융합시대의 시장상인대학 교육이 교육성과에 미치는 영향이 있는지에 대하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 **시에 위치한 시장상인대학 수료생을 대상으로 설문지를 300부를 배포하여 설문조사에 성실하게 응답한 수료들의 설문지 274부를 채택하여 본 연구에 사용하였다. 본 연구의 대상자들의 연령으로는 50대가 121명으로 가장 많았고 60대 이상이 91명으로 많이 나왔다. 이는 소상공인의 종사하는 사람의 연령이 시니어가 많은 것으로 나왔다. 종속변수인 교육성과는 교육으로 매출을 올랐고, 자기개발에 82.4%가 도움이 되었으며, 이 교육을 통해 창업성공에 자신감이 증가하였고 상인대학 교육이 전체적으로 만족한 결과로 나왔다. 이 연구를 위하여 기존에 대한 시장상인대학 선행연구와 국, 내외 기존문헌을 토대로 연구하였다. 시장상인대학 교육의 특성요인으로서 교육서비스, 변화의도, 도전정신, 고객커뮤니케이션의 결정요인을 도출하고 이들 요인과, 매개변수로 경영자금의 관계에 대한 연구모형과 가설을 설정하여 이를 실증적으로 분석, 검증하는 연구를 목적으로 두었다.