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A Study on the Initial Action of Navigators to Avoid Risk of Collision at Sea

충돌위험 회피를 위한 선박 운항자의 초동조치에 관한 연구

  • Lee, Yun-Suk (Department of Ship Operation of Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Park, Jun-Mo (Graduate school of Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Joong (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology)
  • Received : 2014.07.28
  • Accepted : 2014.08.11
  • Published : 2014.08.31

Abstract

The Convention on the international regulations for preventing collisions at sea, 1972(COLREGs) defines the collision avoidance principles and various navigation rules for the prevention of collision at sea. In particular, the initial responses to avoid risk of collision are mainly decided by navigation officer's experience and subjective judgement. However, collision accidents could be effectively prevented if the minimum criteria of quantitative initial response are suggested to the junior officers and the cadets who have insufficient sea experience and navigation competency. This study reviewed the COLREGs terms related to the initial response and the existing papers concerned with risk assessment model. A questionnaire survey is also carried out for safe passing distance, degrees of alternating course and initial response distance to avoid collision in accordance with various encounter situations. Base on these results, we propose the proper minimum safe passing distance between the vessels, the initial response distance and required turning angles for alternation in each encounter situations. The suggested criteria of initial response will contribute to the prevention of collision at sea as well as the improvement of gradual navigation technology.

해상에서의 충돌사고 예방을 위한 충돌회피 원칙 및 각종 항법 등을 규정하고 있는 국제해상충돌예방규칙은 선박 간 충돌회피를 위한 초기대응 기준에 대해 대부분 선박 운항자 경험 및 주관적 판단에 의해 결정하도록 명시되어 있다. 그러나 초임 해기사나 학생들은 선박 운항 환경을 종합적으로 판단할 수 있는 경험 및 능력이 부족하므로, 충돌방지를 위한 최소한의 정량적인 초동조치 기준을 제시해 줌으로써 충돌사고를 효과적으로 예방할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 해상충돌예방규칙 및 기존 충돌위험 관련 연구 동향을 분석하였으며, 다양한 승선경력을 가진 선박 운항자들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 선박 간 조우관계에 따라 주관적으로 판단하는 최소 안전 이격거리와 초기대응의 개시 거리 및 변침각도를 조사하였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 기초로 선박 조우 관계별 충돌회피를 위한 초기 동작이 필요한 거리, 안전 이격거리 및 변침각도를 제시한다. 초기대응 기준은 해양사고 예방뿐만 아니라 점진적인 운항 기술의 향상에 기여할 것이다.

Keywords

References

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  1. A Study on Collision Avoidance Action in the Situation of Encountering Multiple Ships by the Reserve Officer vol.24, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2018.24.3.346