• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.73-90
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• 2011

Global companies regard the conditions of a location as one of the most crucial factors to assess the competitiveness of ports and the port hinterland, as well as emphasize creation of throughput and the importance of value added logistics in the hinterland under diffusing Supply Chain Management(SCM). This study deals with the evaluation of competitiveness in 7 hinterlands and the establishment of assessment model in hinterland. This study analyzes the importance of factors for the port hinterland competitiveness using AHP method. As a result, logistics factor, accounting for 62.3%, is shown as the relative more important factor, followed by hinterland's economy factors(27.3%) and city/policy factor(10.4%). The result implicates that measures to activate logistics factors with relatively high importance are essentially needed in order to improve the competitiveness of the hinterland of Busan New Port. Especially, it is needed to establish service routes of the port and air networks and to expand infrastructure for support. This study also assesses the competitiveness of hinterlands for the seven domestic and foreign ports based on importance of assessment factors for the hinterland competitiveness using AHP analysis. Busan(3.903) is ranked fourth behind Singapore(4.570), Hong Kong(4.357) and Shanghai(4.042) in assessment.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.107-114
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• 2013

The interest in traditional Korean housing has greatly increasing in Korean housing market. However, it is difficult to wildly disseminate for a high construction cost reason. In order to effectively facilitate the Hanok construction, Korean government has initiated a project that develops a new style Korean housing, which meets the requirements of low cost and modernized life style. Cost of building is mainly affected by materials and construction methods. Hanok has some special commodities those significantly impact the cost. In order to effectively cut down the costs, well-organized planning for costs is very important. Also, improving the productivity by utilizing new materials and methods can result in cost down. In this context, this paper compared and analyzed two different types of Korean housing; one is a modernized Korean house which used new materials and methods, the other is a traditional Korean house which was build up by purely traditional methods. Productivity has also been compared and analyzed for 5 major commodities between two types of models. Based on these comparative data, effect of cost down by new model has been analyzed. As a result it is confirmed that by using the new materials and methods could highly effect to increasing productivity and cost down. Especially, the cost of Roofing have been more influenced by using new material while the Wood and Finishes have been influenced by new construction method. Construction cost of Foundation (Earthwork, Concrete, Masonry) and Openings were influenced both factors, changing of materials and methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2014

The present study aims to design an optimized hull shape of a floating pendulum-type wave energy converter(WEC). The purpose of these structure is to improve the performance and stability of the WEC by reducing its motion under operating and survival wave conditions. In this study, motion reduction structures, like restoring and dampling plates were installed on a floating pendulum WEC that has been the subject of previous studies. Restoring plates were installed to increase the restoring force and shift the natural period to a shorter period. Damping plates were installed to shift the natural period to a longer period by increasing the added mass. The effects of the structures were then analyzed under different incident wave conditions. The design parameters for the motion reduction structures were size, shape, and installed position. The wave-induced motion characteristics and performance of the floating pendulum WEC were also investigated numerically. Based on the simulation results, we are able to optimize the motion reduction structure of the WEC, thus improving its efficiency and durability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.13
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• pp.39-71
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• 1986

Interlibrary loan has been a very common library service in the developed countries but it is yet to be actualized formerly in Korea. As Korea is moving toward an information society where all the individual user's request in the library should be met, we need to understand, in detail, the theory and practice of interlibrary loan service. As various information technology has been applied to the libraries, the libraries became the open system. Thus, the libraries become more cooperative, form networks, and make interlibrary loan service available. This study is based on the following three hypothesis formulated from the systems theory. 1. If libraries cooperate each other and form some kind of networks by mail, computers or telecommunications, they become the open system. 2. If a library develops as the open system, interlibrary loan becomes available in the library. 3. If the interlibrary loan system works, the role of the librarians will be changed. The research was carried out by analyzing the various studies about interlibrary loan service and by examining the interlibrary loan systerns presently working in the U.S.. The conclusions are reached deductively from the data. Some of the terminology used are defined as follows: System: a network of interrelated procedures that are joined together to perform an activity or to accomplish a specific objective. It is, in effect, all the ingredient which make up the whole. Cooperation: Working together to benefit participant libraries. Network: a much more structured type of cooperation in which definite regions or areas are connected by electronic or other means to promote interlibrary loaning of materials, in-service traing & other sharing of resources. Interlibrary loan: the lending of books between libraries. The model of cooperation or networks was used to be (1) a star type, (2) a hieranchical type, (3) a distributed type or (4) the combination of aforementioned three. However, the development of the telecommunications and computers enables all kinds of libraires cooperate together. Interlibrary loan service starts with the needs of user's information. The information have to be logically accessed through bibliographies, computers, electronic mails and satellite communications. And the logical access requires the information technology and the libraries become cooperative. The physical access to the information follows next but only traditional method of mail and some commercial service are currently available for this purpose. Therefore, researches are needed to develop this physical access. If the libraries form networks, the microaspect of library changes accordingly as the macroaspect changes. If the libraries . cooperate to become one large world library, the librarians plan, organize, control library operations and report the results. And the librarians work inside and outside of the library to cooperate with other libraries. Only the cooperation of the libraries will enhance interlibrary loan and the Korean librarians have to be prepared to accept the new role of librarianship for the interlibrary loan service.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.147-163
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• 2013

The world faces several issues of energy crisis and environmental deterioration due to over-dependence on single source of which is fossil fuel. Though, fuel is needed as ingredients for industrial development and growth of any country, however the fossil fuel which is a major source of energy for this purpose has always been terrifying thus the need for alternative and renewable energy sources. The search for alternative energy sources resulted into the acceptance of a biofuel as a reliable alternative energy source. This work presents the study of optimization of process of transesterification of vegetable oil to biodiesel using NaOH as catalyst. A $2^4$ factorial design method was employed to investigate the influence of ratio of oil to methanol, temperature, NaOH concentration, and transesterification time on the yield of biodiesel from vegetable oil. Low and high levels of the key factors considered were 4:1 and 6:1 mole ratio, 30 and $60^{\circ}C$ temperatures, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% catalyst concentration, and 30 and 60 min reaction time. Results obtained revealed that oil to methanol molar ratio of 6:1, tranesetrification temperature of $60^{\circ}C$, catalyst concentration of 1.0wt % and reaction time of 30 min are the best operating conditions for the optimum yield of biofuel from vegetable oil, with optimum yield of 95.8%. Results obtained on the characterizzation of the produced biodiesel indicate that the specific gravity, cloud point, flash point, sulphur content, viscosity, diesel index, centane number, acid value, free glycerine, total glycerine and total recovery are 0.8899, 4, 13, 0.0087%, 4.83, 25, 54.6. 0.228mgKOH/g, 0.018, 0.23% and 96% respectively. Results also indicate that the qualities of the biodiesel tested for are in conformity with the set standard. A model equation was developed based on the results obtained using a statistical tool. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of data shows that mole ratio of ground nut oil to methanol and transesterification time have the most pronounced effect on the biodiesel yield with contributions of 55.06% and 9.22% respectively. It can be inferred from the results various conducted that vegetable oil locally produced from groundnut oil can be utilized as a feedstock for biodiesel production.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.181-188
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• 2015

The non-contact permanent magnet gear has advantages of high efficiency and improved reliability. It has other advantages of no mechanical friction loss, very little noise and vibration, and no need for lubricant. With these advantages, the non-contact permanent magnet gear that solves the physical contact problem of the mechanical gear has drawn attention. Due to this unique non-contact characteristic, the non-contact permanent magnet gear which is capable of non-contact torque transmission has replaced mechanical gear. The mechanical gears which is in many fields of the modern industry, is used mostly for power transmitting mechanical devices. However, it also has the problem of a low torque density, which requires improvement. In this paper, a novel pole piece shape is proposed in order to improve the problem of low torque density of the non-contact permanent magnet gear. The experiment data required for predicting the relationships among them are obtained using finiteelement Operating method based on two-dimensional (2-D) numerical analysis. Therefore, this paper derived an optimal model for thenon-contact permanent magnet gear with the novel pole piece using the Box-Behnken design, and the validity of the optimal design of the proposed pole piece shape through variance analysis and regression analysis demonstrated. In this paper, we performed the thransfer torque analysis in order to improve the torque density and power density, we have performed on optimal design of proposed pole piece shape using box-behnken.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.824-827
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• 2011

Needs for Smart Grid development are increasing all over the world as a solution to its problem according to depletion of energy resources, climatic and environmental rapidly change and growing demand for electrical power. Especially decentralized power is attracting world's attention. In this mood a new era for a unit scale of decentralized power environment is on its way in building. However there is a problem to have to be solved in the uniformity of power quality because the amount of power generated from renewable energy resources such as wind power and solar light is very sensitive to climate fluctuation. And thus this paper tries to suggest an energy management algorithm on basis of real time monitoring for meteorological data. The proposed EMS model embodies the method for predicting the power generation by monitoring and analyzing the climatic data and controling the efficient power distribution between the renewable energy and the existing power. The ultimate goal of this paper is to provide the technological basis for achieving zero-energy house.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2015

Exposure to cold sea water can be life-threatening to the drowned individual. Although appropriate life jacket can be usually be provided for the buoyance at the drowning accident, heat loss can make the drowned individual experience the hypothermia. Inflatable life jackets filled with inflatable air pocket can increase the thermal protection as well as the buoyancy force. Because it is important to know how the human body behaves unde the different life jacket, present study compares the thermal insulation capacity of solid type life jacket with that of inflatable life jacket. In order to represent the insulation capacity of life jacket, thermal resistance is estimated based on the assumption of steady-state. Also, a transient three-dimensional thermal distribution of the thigh is analyzed by using finite element method implementing the Pennes bioheat equation. The finite element model is a segmental, multi-layered representation of the body section which considers the heat conduction within tissue, bone, fat and local blood flow rate.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.240-258
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• 2020

The advances in science technology brought about a new form of learning called flipped-learning: a combination of on-line and off-line learning. A flipped learning is a form of blended learning which has become quite popular, nowadays, in the field of education. Despite the emphasis on the importance of medical humanities in medical education program, there are no effective teaching and learning models to realize the purpose of medical humanities education. This study explores the possibility of flipped-learning to apply medical humanities classes. The class was designed based on the ADDIE model consisting of five stages, analysis - design - development - execution - evaluation. In order to do 'flipped-learning,' the instructor reconstructs the purpose of medical humanities education, instructional purpose and content, and analyzed learner. The contents of the medical humanities class were structured considering the purpose of the introduction to the medical humanities in the medical education program and the competencies that medical personnel should have in the developed health care environment. The instructor produces a video of the lecture and makes it possible to use LMS (Learning Management System) before and after classes, and conducts discussion activities so that learner-learner and learner-teacher interaction could actively occur during the class. The result of applying medical humanities lesson as flipped learning is as follows: First, it can realize the essence of medical humanities education. Second, it contributes to strengthening the competencies of health care provider. Third, flip learning can be used as a new teaching strategy for medical humanities education. The result of this study is expected to suggest new ways of introduction to teaching method in the traditional medical humanities class and contribute to the practice of designing and doing flipped learning of medical humanities class in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.258-264
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• 2011

A MCS technique is represented to stochastically analyze the uncertainties of wave forces exerted on the upright sections of composite breakwaters. A stochastical models for horizontal and uplift wave forces can be straightforwardly formulated as a function of the probabilistic characteristics of maximum wave height. Under the assumption of wave forces followed by extreme distribution, the behaviors of relative wave forces to Goda's wave forces are studied by the MCS technique. Double-truncated normal distribution is applied to take the effects of uncertainties of scale and shape parameters of extreme distribution into account properly. Averages and variances of relative wave forces are quantitatively calculated with respect to the exceedance probabilities of maximum design wave height. It is found that the averages of relative wave forces may be decreased consistently with the increases of the exceedance probabilities. In particular, the averages on uplift wave force are evaluated slightly larger than those on horizontal wave force, but the variations of coefficient of the former are adversely smaller than those of the latter. It means that the uncertainties of uplift wave forces are smaller than those of horizontal wave forces in the same condition of the exceedance probabilities. Therefore, the present results could be useful to the reliability based-design method that require the statistical properties about the uncertainties of wave forces.