• Journal of Information Display
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

Optically isotropic liquid crystal (LC) mixture such as blue-phase LC and nanostructured LC composites exhibit the advantages of fast response time, high contrast ratio and wide-viewing angle due to the induced birefringence along the horizontal electric field. Utilizing this mixture, a novel single cell gap in-plane switching-type polymer-stabilized blue-phase transflective liquid crystal display by embedding the nanowire grid polarizer as a polarization-dependent reflective polarizer in the R region is proposed. This device can be used as a normal black mode without any quarter-wave plate or patterned in-cell phase retarder. Moreover, the transmittance is identical to the reflectance so that it will be suitable for single gamma driving. Detailed electro-optic performances, such as voltage-dependent light efficiency and viewing angle of the proposed device configuration, are investigated.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.911-918
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• 2009

This paper presents a new sensorless control method for single-phase switched reluctance motors using induced electromotive force (EMF) due to the residual flux both on the stator and the rotor during phase commutation. The induced EMF falls to zero when the rotor pole moves away from the overlap with the stator pole. By detecting this instant, the speed and position of the rotor can be simply estimated. This method is very simple to implement and it is insensitive to variations in the system parameters as it does not require any stored magnetic data or offline inductance measurements but requires only measurements of the terminal voltage and a simple analog circuit. The proposed method is implemented on a 6/6 single-phase switched reluctance motor. However, it can also be implemented on a multiphase SRM regardless of the size, operation speed and switching mode of the motor hence making the proposed method viable to many applications. Simulation and experimental verification is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2015

This study develops a digital control scheme with power factor correction for a front-end converter in an electric vehicle battery charger. The front-end converter acts as the boost-type switching-mode rectifier. The converter assumes the two roles of the battery charger, which include power factor control and robust charging performance. The proposed control scheme consists of a charging control algorithm and a grid current control algorithm. The scheme aims to obtain unity input power factor and robust performance. Based on the linear average model of the converter, a constant-current constant-voltage charging control algorithm that passes through only one proportional-integral controller and a current feed-forward path is proposed. In the current control algorithm, we utilized a second band pass filter, a single-phase phase-locked loop technique, and a duty-ratio feed-forward term to control the grid current to be in phase with the grid voltage and achieve pure sinusoidal waveform. Simulations and experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, both simulations and experiments.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2015

Heated glasses are widely used to prevent surface condensation and freezing in ship and building windows. This study proposes a heated glass temperature control system composed of power and control circuits to control the temperature of heated glasses. The proposed temperature control system adopts a digital controller instead of a conventional analog controller. Thus, the proposed system has better characteristics, such as precise setup and control of glass temperature, setup and control of output power, and control mode change between ON/OFF and phase controls. The system can also implement multi-functional control algorithms. The control characteristics are not dependent upon external disturbances, such as ambient temperature and electrical noises. Furthermore, the proposed temperature control system utilizes the power line communication (PLC) method to control the number of heated glasses without any extra communication lines. The system proposes a new communication protocol with strong immunity to electrical switching noises. A new sensorless algorithm is used to detect the temperature of the heated glass. This study presents the design guidelines in detail and its effectiveness are confirmed by implementing a 4-kw prototype temperature control system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.391-398
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• 2014

This paper presents a resonant step-down DC/DC converter to reduce the voltage stresses of a 3-phase inverter module under the three-phase AC utility line condition. Under this condition, a conventional 3-phase inverter module suffers from high voltage stresses as a result of the high rectified DC link voltage; hence, a high-cost high-voltage-rating inverter module must be used. However, using the proposed converter, a low-cost low-voltage-rating inverter module may be adopted to drive the motor even under the 3-phase AC line condition. The proposed converter, which can be realized with small size inductor and low-voltage-rating semiconductor devices, operates at a high-efficiency mode because of the zero-current switching operations of all the semiconductor devices. The operational principles are explained and a design example is provided in the study. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed converter.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04c
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• pp.159-161
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• 2007

$CO_2$ laser sees that is most suitable to get this effect through minimum formation damage and advantage that is root enemy of effect that happen in minimum cellular tissue depth of 0.1mm is stable living body organization or internal organs institution. Formation damage by ten can be related in formation's kind or energy density, length of evaporation time. If shorten evaporation time, surroundings cellular thermal damage 200 - because happen within 400ums laser beam in rain focus sacred ground surroundings cellular tissue without vitiation me by evaporation Poe of very small floor as is clean steam can. Application is possible to vulva cuticle cousins by a paternal aunt quantity, uterine cancer, cuticle tumor by laser system that $CO_2$ laser gets into standard in obstetrics and gynecology application. Because effect that super pulse output is ten enemies of laser if uniformity one pulse durations are short almost is decreased, most of all pulse module special quality of pulse style $CO_2$ laser for obstetrics and gynecology mode stabilization by weight very, in this research to get into short pulse duration and higher frequency density, do switching by high frequency in DC-DC Converter output DC's ripple high frequency to be changed, high frequency done current ripple amount of condenser for output filter greatly reduce can. Ripple of output approximately to Zero realization applying possible inductor realization through a special quality experiment do.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

We have theoretically investigated the effects of the interplay between the driving voltage of Mach-Zehnder(MZ) modulators and the bandwidth of low-pass filters(LPF) in 10[Gb/s] duobinary modulation systems. For the change of driving voltage ratios(driving voltage/switching voltage), the transmission performance has been evaluated over 200[km] of single-mode fiber(SMF) systems. For driving voltage ratios with smaller than 100[%], the transmission performance has been maintained and greatly affected by the bandwidth of LPFs than the driving voltage. For driving voltage ratios with larger than 100[%], the transmission performance has been degraded and is not sensitive to the bandwidth of LPFs. To see the limitation of driving voltage, we have reduced the driving voltage ratio to 50[%]. Our results suggest that 10[Gb/s] duobinary signals with driving voltage ratio with smaller than 100[%] have been transmitted over 200[km] SMF within 2[dB] power penalty without dispersion compensation. For the driving voltage ratio with 50[%], we have verified that the transmission performance was maintained.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the electro-optical (EO) characteristic of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode cell by the ion beam alignment method on the a-C:H thin film. The suitable inorganic thin films for FFS cell and the aligning capabilities of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) using the new alignment material of a-C:H thin film were studied. An excellent voltage-transmittance (V-T) and response time curve of the ion beam aligned FFS-LCD was observed with oblique ion beam exposure on the a-C:H thin films. Also, the V-T hysteresis characteristics of the ion beam-aligned FFS-LCD with IB exposure on the a-C:H thin films is almost the same as that of the rubbing-aligned FFS cell on a polyimide surface.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1119-1129
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• 2014

This study proposes a novel five-level three-phase hybrid-clamped converter composed of only six switches and one flying capacitor (FC) per phase. The capacitor-voltage-drift phenomenon of the converter under the classical sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategy is comprehensively analyzed. The average current, which flows into the FC, is a function of power factor and modulation index and does not remain at zero. Thus, a specific modulation strategy based on space vector modulation (SVM) is developed to balance the voltage of DC-link and FCs by injecting a common-mode voltage. This strategy applies the five-segment method to synthesize the voltage vector, such that switching losses are reduced while optional vector sequences are increased. The best vector sequence is then selected on the basis of the minimized cost function to suppress the divergence of the capacitor voltage. This study further proposes a startup method that charges the DC-link and FCs without any additional circuits. Simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the proposed converter, modulation strategy, and precharge method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.610-617
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• 2004

This paper presents a novel high frequency generating circuit integrated chopper-inverter using ZVS with high power-factor. The proposed topology is integrated half-bridge boost rectifier as power factor corrector(PFC) and half-bridge high frequency resonant inverter into a single-stage. The input stage of the half-bridge boost rectifier works in discontinuous conduction mode(DCM) with constant duty cycle and variable switching frequency. So that a boost converter makes the line current follow naturally the sinusoidal line voltage waveform. Simulation results have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed high frequency resonant inverter. Characteristics values based on characteristics analysis through circuit analysis is given as basis data in design procedure. Also, experimental results are presented to verify theoretical discussion. This proposed inverter will be able to be practically used as a power supply in various fields as induction heating applications. fluorescent lamp and DC-DC converter etc.