• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.318-328
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• 2023

Recently, embedded systems, such as mobile platforms, have multiple processing units that can operate in parallel, such as centralized processing units (CPUs) and neural processing units (NPUs). We can use deep-learning compilers to generate machine code optimized for these embedded systems from a deep neural network (DNN). However, the deep-learning compilers proposed so far generate codes that sequentially execute DNN operators on a single processing unit or parallel codes for graphic processing units (GPUs). In this study, we propose PartitionTuner, an operator scheduler for deep-learning compilers that supports multiple heterogeneous PUs including CPUs and NPUs. PartitionTuner can generate an operator-scheduling plan that uses all available PUs simultaneously to minimize overall DNN inference time. Operator scheduling is based on the analysis of DNN architecture and the performance profiles of individual and group operators measured on heterogeneous processing units. By the experiments for seven DNNs, PartitionTuner generates scheduling plans that perform 5.03% better than a static type-based operator-scheduling technique for SqueezeNet. In addition, PartitionTuner outperforms recent profiling-based operator-scheduling techniques for ResNet50, ResNet18, and SqueezeNet by 7.18%, 5.36%, and 2.73%, respectively.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.145-164
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• 2010

Since the third generation (3G) mobile communication service has been launched by most mobile communication operators in Korea, the portion of data service in mobile communication service becomes one of the most important factors in mobile communication service market. In past mobile communication market, most mobile communication operators made their profit mostly from voice communication service. However, the portion of profit from data service has gradually increased based on both video phone call and mobile Internet service. In this situation, LG telecom launched the full browsing mobile Internet service. This service provides a new type of mobile Internet service platform which enables to access the World Wide Web using mobile browsers, so we generally access the Web using web browsers in the desktop computer. Under the open network structure of mobile Internet like situation, it is very important to analyze the factors which can affect the competition between mobile communication service companies. So, in this paper, we first present the current state of full browsing service, followed by the expectation of its growth potentials and barriers. Then, we analyze the advantages and disadvantage of LG telecom as a first-mover and SK telecom/KTF as followers. Finally, based on this analysis, we predict the future competition among these companies and the market.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

The rapid increase of mobile devices such as smart phone and smart pad have raised the needs for seamless multimedia services during moving at anytime and anywhere. Current 4G mobile devices are equipped with both 4G (LTE) and WLAN (WiFi) interfaces, and mobile services operators provide wireless Internet services using 4G network with a wider coverage and WiFi zone. Generally users prefer to use the Internet services through WLAN rather than LTE in the coverage of WLAN. However, since WLAN has a long L2 handover latency, it is difficult to support seamless services during a handover. In this paper, we proposed an efficient handover scheme based on flow mobility for WLANs to support a seamless service during handovers by using the overlaid 4G network with a wider coverage. Also, we showed the outperformance of the proposed scheme on a testbed.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.469-476
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• 2012

Recently, as the smart devices such as smart phone and smart pad are becoming increasingly common, the number of the smart devices users is increasing explosively. Therefore, the mobile Internet traffic is tend to get more and more increasing, and thus it is expected that the demand for using mobile Internet traffic will be exponentially increasing annually worldwide. In addition, mobile communications operators concentrate on much efforts and investments in order to effectively solve these problems at home and abroad, and the interest on the network-based (i.e., PMIPv6-based) distributed mobility management technology, which effectively distributes the explosively increasing mobile Internet traffic, is getting larger and larger. In this paper, we address the overview and recent research trend of PMIPv6-based distributed mobility management technology, and also describe the necessity and future prospect for studying PMIPv6-based distributed mobility management technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.945-948
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• 2005

Mobile computing devices are becoming increasingly prevalent in a huge range of physical area, offering a considerable market opportunity. The focus of this paper is on the development of a platform of fault diagnosis system integrating with personal digital assistant (PDA). An improvement of induction machine rotor fault diagnosis based on AI algorithms approach is presented. This network system consists of two parts; condition monitoring and fault diagnosis by using Artificial Intelligence algorithm. LabVIEW allows easy interaction between acquisition instrumentation and operators. Also it can easily integrate AI algorithm. This paper presents a development environment fur intelligent application for PDA. The introduced configuration is a LabVIEW application in PDA module toolkit which is LabVIEW software.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.56-71
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• 2002

Third generation mobile radio systems (3G) are currently being deployed in different regions of the world. Future systems beyond 3G are already under discussion in international bodies and forums such as ITU, WWRF and R&D programs of the European Union and in other regions. These systems will determine the research and standardization activities in mobile and wireless communication in the next years. Based on the experience of 3G future systems will be developed mainly from the user perspective with respect to potential services and applications including traffic demands. Therefore, the Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) was launched in 2001 as a global and open initiative of manufacturers, network operators, SMEs, R&D centers and the academic domain. WWRF is focused on the vision of such systems the Wireless World - and potential key technologies. This paper describes the international context of activities on systems beyond third generation, the goals, objectives and structure of WWRF, the user perspective as the starting point for a future system design and the key enabling technologies for the Wireless World.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

This paper introduces the 5G spectrum auction in Germany that occurred last summer and ended overheatedly after an extraordinarily long period. We describe the context of the latest German spectrum auction and trace the participants' bidding behavior. This case details the trend of the 5G spectrum auction and the factors that affect the spectrum auction as follows: First, it is determined that investment obligations that force network installations can be a financial burden to mobile network operators (MNOs) and require a careful approach. Second, excess demands can cause auction overheating and the spectrum supply volume needs to be determined by a proper demand forecast and investment incentive. Third, 'Set-Aside' for local usage aids in developing the vertical industry; however it limits the spectrum supply for mobiles and leads to higher bidding prices. Fourth, a modified adoption of a typical spectrum auction can alleviate MNO's financial burdens to secure the broadband spectrum. Finally, competition to secure the necessary bandwidth in the situation of limited spectrum supply may delay the process of the spectrum auction, causing it overheated.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.72-80
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• 2021

Multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) have evolved to accommodate broadcasting services in 3GPP standards. One long-standing approach is to comprise the multimedia broadcast multicast service single-frequency network based on the cellular networks of mobile operators, and another approach adds a broadcasting network to 3GPP standards. In this paper, we overview the MBMS architecture and key entities in MBMS services. In addition, the trends of MBMS are discussed in terms of technology and 3GPP standards, where MBMS functionality is described according to 3GPP releases. Finally, we discuss its capability through a comparison with ATSC 3.0, which is the latest terrestrial broadcasting standard, and then we present the current status and future perspectives of MBMS in 3GPP.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.100-113
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• 2023

This study was aimed to derive implications in terms of competition to establish a reasonable spectrum policy for fifth-generation (5G) spectrum allocation through an in-depth analysis of C-band spectrum auctions. As a result of examining auctions in five countries, namely, Belgium, Sweden, Canada, Brazil, and Hong Kong, we identified various characteristics. First, the minimum bandwidth that is essential for service competition is guaranteed. Second, in Brazil, the network construction cost of mobile network operators is regarded as a part of the spectrum price. Third, a joint allocation of spectrum is permitted in Sweden, and spectrum sharing after allocation for 5G services is allowed in Canada. Finally, the reserved spectrum is provided for new service providers in Belgium and Canada. Our findings may provide insights for establishing policies of 5G spectrum allocation and competition in the telecommunications service market in Korea.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5701-5722
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• 2018

The continuous increase in the cost of energy production and concerns for environmental sustainability are leading research communities, governments and industries to amass efforts to reduce energy consumption and global $CO_2$ footprint. Players in the information and communication industry are keen on reducing the operational expenditures (OpEx) and maintaining the profitability of cellular networks. Meanwhile, network virtualization has been proposed in this regard as the main enabler for 5G mobile cellular networks. In this paper, we propose a generic framework of slice resource provisioning and customized physical resource allocation for energy-efficiency and quality of service optimization. In resource slicing, we consider user demand and population resources provisioning scheme aiming to satisfy quality of service (QoS). In customized physical resource allocation, we formulate this problem with an integer non-linear programming model, which is solved by a heuristic algorithm based on minimum vertex coverage. The proposed algorithm is compared with the existing approaches, without consideration of slice resource constraints via system-level simulations. From the perspective of infrastructure providers, traffic is scheduled over a limited number of active small-cell base stations (sc-BSs) that significantly reduce the system energy consumption and improve the system's spectral efficiency. From the perspective of virtual network operators and mobile users, the proposed approach can guarantee QoS for mobile users and improve user satisfaction.