• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1554-1560
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• 2015

802.11p WAVE is the next-generation wireless communication that can make Ad-hoc network communication possible for Vehicle-to-Vehicle. GBSR protocol, one of the 802.11p WAVE protocols, mainly focuses on improvements in networks that have a tendency to disconnect. However, it does not consider the transmission time and velocity of a packet thus, there is a disadvantage of there being a delay in the transmission velocity, in urgent situations like car accidents, emergency patients transportation and crimes. In this paper, we proposed A-GBSR protocol for transmission of a packet to mobile node which has a high speed through the improved beacon message and Adaptive Neighbor list Management that are considering of the GBSR protocol transmission velocity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.4002-4014
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• 2015

ITU-R M.1842-1, as a well-known specification dedicated to maritime mobile applications, has standardized wireless transmission protocols according to the particular characteristics of a maritime communications scenario. A time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure, along with modulation schemes to achieve a high data rate, has been described clearly in ITU-R M.1842-1. However, several specification items are still under "to be decided" status, which brings ambiguity to research works. In addition, the current version of ITU-R M.1842-1 is focused mainly on maritime transmissions in open-sea areas, where the cyclic prefix (CP) is set to zero and only 16-QAM is used in the multi-carrier (MC) system. System performance might be dramatically degraded in coastline areas due to the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by selective fading. This is because there is a higher probability that the signal will be reflected by obstacles in coastline areas. In this paper, we introduce the transmission resource block (TRB) dedicated to ITU-R M.1842-1 for a ship ad-hoc network (SANET), where the pilot pattern of TRB is based on the terrestrial trunked radio (TETRA). After that, we evaluated SANET performance under the maritime channel model in a coastline area. In order to avoid noise amplification and to overcome the ISI caused by selective fading, several strategies are suggested and compared in the channel estimation and equalization procedures, where the link-level simulation results finally validate our proposals.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.19-24
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• 2019

It is impossible to apply the routing protocol in the wired environment because MANET consists of only mobile nodes. Therefore, routing protocols considered these characteristics are required. In particular, if malicious nodes are not excluded in the routing phase, network performance will be greatly reduced. In this paper, we propose intrusion detection technique based on region to improve routing performance. In the proposed technique, the whole network is divided into certain areas, and then attack detection within the area using area management node is performed. It is a proposed method that can detect attack nodes in the path through cooperation with each other by using completion message received from member nodes. It also applied a method that all nodes participating in the network can share the attack node information by storing the detected attack node and sharing. The performance evaluation of the proposed technique was compared with the existing security routing techniques through the experiments and the superior performance of the proposed technique was confirmed.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.10 no.1 s.18
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• pp.75-86
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• 2006

The MANET that can make autonomous distributed Network with Routing function has many differences than past wireless communication. For upcoming ALL-IP environment, MANET device should be connected with wired Internet Network and MANET is required to have a gateway to bridge two different networks to share information from any place. In this paper, Using the GMAHN Algorithm proposed Proactive, Reactive, Hybrid method that provides Inteface between Wired Internet network and MANET, we learned each method's the advantage and disadvantage through the various network environments. And also, we presented the optimization method of Hybrid combined Proactive with Reactive.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.9A
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• pp.801-808
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• 2011

We propose MBAP(Multi-rate Broadcast Active Probing) technique to get the right measurements for link quality in Wireless Mesh Network (WMN). Most routing protocols for WMN make use of link quality-aware routing metrics, such as ETX(Expected Transmission Count) and ETT(Expected Transmission Time), while the hop count is usually used in MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork). A broadcast based active proving technique is adopted in the previous studies to get the ETX or ETT of a link. However this technique does not reflect the multi-rate feature of WLAN because it uses a single fixed transmission rate for broadcast which usually differs from the actual rate used in data transmissions. MBAP overcomes this shortage by exploiting various rate broadcast frames for probing. We implement MBAP on linux system by modifying WLAN driver and related kernel sub-systems. Experimental results show that MBAP can capture link quality more accurately than the existing techniques.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.4B
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• pp.184-191
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• 2008

NanoQplus, which is an embedded operating system for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and developed by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), provides programmer-friendly preemptive multi-threading programming technique, but it has poor network protocol stack, as compared to TinyOS, one of the famous operating systems for WSNs. In this paper, we apply dynamic MANET on-demand routing (DYMO) protocol, which is being standardized in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), to NanoQplus. Since DYMO has been proposed for mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and MANETs have less resource restrictions than WSNs, the basic DYMO protocol cannot be applied to WSNs without modifications. Moreover, coherence with MAC protocol should be considered in order to eliminate redundant data between MAC and network layers. Thus, we propose a modified version of the basic DYMO protocol for NanoQplus. The experimental results from a real sensor network test-bed show that the DYMO implementation using NanoQplus works efficiently in WSNs.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.53-58
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• 2014

MANET can quickly build a network because it is configured with only the mobile node and it is very popular today due to its various application range. However, MANET should solve vulnerable security problem that dynamic topology, limited resources of each nodes, and wireless communication by the frequent movement of nodes have. In this paper, we propose a domain-based distributed cooperative intrusion detection techniques that can perform accurate intrusion detection by reducing overhead. In the proposed intrusion detection techniques, the local detection and global detection is performed after network is divided into certain size. The local detection performs on all the nodes to detect abnormal behavior of the nodes and the global detection performs signature-based attack detection on gateway node. Signature DB managed by the gateway node accomplishes periodic update by configuring neighboring gateway node and honeynet and maintains the reliability of nodes in the domain by the trust management module. The excellent performance is confirmed through comparative experiments of a multi-layer cluster technique and proposed technique in order to confirm intrusion detection performance of the proposed technique.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2019

The tactical mobile ad-hoc network(MANET) consists of distributed autonomous networks between individual ground nodes, which is effective in terms of network survivability and flexibility. However, due to constraints such as limited power, terrain, and mobility, frequent link disconnection and shadow area may occur in communication. On the other hand, the satellite network has the advantage of providing a wide-area wireless link overcoming terrain and mobility, but has limited bandwidth and high-latency characteristic. In the future battlefield, an integrated network architecture for interworking multi-layer networks through a heterogeneous network gateway (HNG) is required to overcome the limitations of the existing individual networks and increase reliability and efficiency of communication. In this paper, we propose a new HNG architecture and detailed algorithm that integrates satellite network and the tactical MANET and enables reliable data transfer based on flow characteristics of traffic. The simulations validated the proposed architecture using Riverbed Modeler, a network-level simulator.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.165-174
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• 2006

Data dissemination using either flooding or legacy ad-hoc routing protocol is not realistic approach in the wireless sensor networks, which are composed of sensor nodes with very weak computing power, small memory and limited battery. In this paper, we propose the ELF(Energy-efficient Localized Flooding) protocol. The ELF is energy-efficient data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks. In the ELF protocol, there are two data delivery phases between fixed source and mobile sink node. The first phase, before the tracking zone, sensing data are forwarded by unicasting. After that, within the tracking zone, sensing data are delivered by localized flooding. Namely, the ELF Properly combines advantages from both unicasting and flooding. According to evaluation results by simulation, the proposed ELF protocol maintains very high data delivery ratio with using a little energy. Also, the property of average delay is better than others. From our research results, the ELF is very effective data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.561-565
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• 2006

무선 모바일 애드 혹 네트워크에서 에너지 효율을 위한 많은 라우팅 알고리즘이 연구되어 왔다. 이러한 제안된 다른 알고리즘들을 살펴보면, 에너지 효율 뿐 만 아니라 성능의 향상을 위한 노력도 기울여 왔다. 일반적으로 목적지 노드가 전송받은 RREQ의 메트릭을 통하여 에너지 효율적인 경로를 선택 하게 되는데, 이것은 결국 데이터 전송 지연이 발생하게 된다. 그리고 경로가 설정된 이후에 경로를 유지하는데 있어서, 노드의 이동이나 배터리의 소진으로 링크가 끊기게 되면 경로를 다시 찾는 과정에서 제어 패킷을 다시 플러딩 하기 때문에 여러 노드의 에너지 소비를 초래하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 기존의 AODV(On-Demand Distance Vector Routing) 프로토콜을 기반으로 다음과 같은 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 RREQ를 받은 노드가 남은 배터리의 양을 고려하여 전송의 여부를 결정하는 방법을 제안하고, 경로를 유지하는데 있어서 전송의 세기를 통해 노드의 이동성을 인지하고 링크가 끊기기 전에 다른 노드로 경로를 대체함으로써 경로 재설정을 통한 에너지 소비를 줄이는 방안을 제안한다.