• Title/Summary/Keyword: Mixture Behavior

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The Influence of Resin Mixture Ratio for the Use of Prepreg on the Fatigue Behavior Properties in FRMLs

  • Song, Sam-Hong;Kim, Cheol-Woong
    • International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2000
  • Fiber reinforced metal laminates(FRMLs) were new type of hybrid materials. FRMLs consist of high strength metals(Al 5052-H34) and laminated fiber with structural adhesive bond. The effect of resin mixture ratios on the fatigue crack propagation behavior and mechanical properties of aramid fiber reinforced aluminum composites was investigated. The epoxy, diglycidylether of bisphenol A(DGEBA), was cured with methylene dianiline(MDA) with or without an accelerator(K-54). Eight kinds of resin mixture ratio were used for the experiment ; five kinds of FRMLs(1)(mixture of epoxy and curing agent) and three kinds of FRMLs(2)mixture of epoxy, curing agent and accelerator). The characteristic of fatigue crack propagation behavior and mechanical properties FRMLs(2) shows more effecting than that of FRMLs(1).

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Stochastic Mixture Modeling of Driving Behavior During Car Following

  • Angkititrakul, Pongtep;Miyajima, Chiyomi;Takeda, Kazuya
    • Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2013
  • This paper presents a stochastic driver behavior modeling framework which takes into account both individual and general driving characteristics as one aggregate model. Patterns of individual driving styles are modeled using a Dirichlet process mixture model, as a non-parametric Bayesian approach which automatically selects the optimal number of model components to fit sparse observations of each particular driver's behavior. In addition, general or background driving patterns are also captured with a Gaussian mixture model using a reasonably large amount of development data from several drivers. By combining both probability distributions, the aggregate driver-dependent model can better emphasize driving characteristics of each particular driver, while also backing off to exploit general driving behavior in cases of unseen/unmatched parameter spaces from individual training observations. The proposed driver behavior model was employed to anticipate pedal operation behavior during car-following maneuvers involving several drivers on the road. The experimental results showed advantages of the combined model over the model adaptation approach.

DEM analyses of the mechanical behavior of soil and soil-rock mixture via the 3D direct shear test

  • Xu, Wen-Jie;Li, Cheng-Qing;Zhang, Hai-Yang
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.815-827
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    • 2015
  • The mechanical behavior of soil and soil-rock mixture is investigated via the discrete element method. A non-overlapping combination method of spheres is used to model convex polyhedron rock blocks of soil-rock mixture in the DEM simulations. The meso-mechanical parameters of soil and soil-rock interface in DEM simulations are obtained from the in-situ tests. Based on the Voronoi cell, a method representing volumtric strain of the sample at the particle scale is proposed. The numerical results indicate that the particle rotation, occlusion, dilatation and self-organizing force chains are a remarkable phenomena of the localization band for the soil and soil-rock mixture samples. The localization band in a soil-rock mixture is wider than that in the soil sample. The current research shows that the 3D discrete element method can effectively simulate the mechanical behavior of soil and soil-rock mixture.

Shear Behaviour of Sand-silt Mixture under Low and High Confining Pressures (모래-실트 혼합토의 구속압력에 따른 전단특성 파악)

  • Kim, Uk-Gie;Zhuang, Li
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.27-38
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    • 2015
  • Triaxial tests on sand-silt mixture specimens under low and high confining pressures were performed to understand their shear behaviors. The fines content in the mixture is lower than the threshold value. A series of tests under different conditions including fines contents (0%, 9.8%, 14.7%, 19.6%), density of specimen (controlled by different compaction energies of $E_c=22kJ/m^3$, $E_c=504kJ/m^3$), confining pressure (100 kPa, 1 MPa, 3 MPa, 5 MPa) were performed to investigate influences of these factors. Based on the test results, the threshold fines content, where the dominant structure of mixture changes from sand-matrix to fines-matrix, decreases with the increase of confining pressure. Under very high confining pressures, as a result of sand particle crushing, the behavior of the dense specimen is similar to that of the loose specimen which shows hardening, compression behavior, and shear strength increases with increase of fines content. In conclusion, silt is granular material like sand, and its influence on shear behavior of sand-silt mixture is very different from that of plastic fines on sand-fines mixture.

Effect of pasture Types and Endophyte Infection on the Animal Behavior of Korean native Cattle (Tall Fescue의 초지형과 Endophyte 감염이 한우의 가축행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Joung-Kyong;Kim, Dong-Am;Yun, Sei-Hyung;Seo, Sung
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.267-274
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    • 1996
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pasture types(mixture and mono tall fescue pasture) and endophyte infection on the animal behavior of Korean native cattle at the Experimental Field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute, Suweon, in 1994. The results obtained are sumunarized as follows: DM intake of Korean native cattle was increased with mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue for both pasture types. Mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue showed good animal preference. Daily grazing time was increased with mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue in monoculture, while annual grazing period was increased with monoculture and endophyte-infect tall fescue. Amount of drinking water of Korean native cattle was increased with tall fescue monoculture rather than mixture, however the amount of drinking water was higher with endophyte-infect tall fescue in monoculture. Salt intake of Korean native cattle was increased with mixture and endophyte-6ee tall fescue in monoculture. Rectal temperature of Korean native cattle was not influenced by pasture types and endophyte infection. Based on the results of this experiment, DM intake of Korean native cattle and daily grazing time were increased by mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue with good quality.

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Phase Equilibrium of Binary Mixture for the (Carbon Dioxide + 1-Phenyl-2-Pyrrolidone) System at High Pressure

  • Lee, Ho;Jeong, Jong-Dae;Byun, Hun-Soo
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.56 no.5
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    • pp.732-737
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    • 2018
  • Experimental data of phase equilibria are reported for the binary mixture of 1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone in supercritical carbon dioxide. Phase behavior data was measured in a synthetic method at a temperature ranging from 333.2 to 393.2 K and at pressures up to 97.14 MPa. The solubility of 1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone in the carbon dioxide + 1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone system increased as temperature increased at a constant pressure and it exhibited the type-I phase behavior. The experimental data for the binary mixture were correlated with the Peng-Robinson equation of state using mixing rule and the critical properties of 1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone were predicted with the Joback and Lyderson method.

Finite Element Analysis of Partially Saturated Soil Considering Pore-air Pressure (간극공기압을 고려하는 불포화토의 유한요소해석)

  • Kim, Jae-Hong;Hwang, Young-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2011
  • A model of solid-water-air coupling in triphasic mixture is compared to that of solid-water coupling in biphasic mixture with an application to partially saturated soils. Based on thermodynamics, the mathematical framework governing the behavior of a partially saturated soil is derived by using balance equations, and numerical implementation through drainage experiment of a sand column is carried out to validate the obtained formulations. The role of the air phase in the hydro-mechanical behavior of triphasic mixture can be analyzed from the interaction among phases and from the solid skeleton's constitutive behavior, and the three-phase model found applications in geotechnical engineering problems, such as $CO_2$ sequestration and air storage in an aquifer.

Study on the Effect of Resin Mixture Ratios on the Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior and Mechanical Property in a FRMLs (수지 혼합비가 FRMLs의 피로균열전파거동과 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Cheol-Woong;Sohn, Se-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.16 no.8
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    • pp.149-154
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    • 1999
  • FRMLs(Fiber Reinforced Metal Laminates) is a new type of hybrid materials. FRMLs consists of high strength metal and fiber which are laminated using a structural adhesive bond(epoxy resin). The effect of resin mixture ratios on the fatigue crack propagation behavior and mechanical property of Aramid fiber reinforced aluminum composites was investigated. The epoxy, diglycidylether of bisphenol A(DGEBA) was cured with methylene dianiline(MDA) with or without accelerator(K-54). Eight kinds of resin mixture ratio were tested for the experiment ; five kinds of FRMLs(1))epoxy & curing agent) and three kinds of FRMLs(2)(epoxy & curing agent & accelerator). FRMLs(2) have a more effective characteristics on the fatigue crack propagation behavior and mechanical property than FRMLs(1)

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Numerical Analysis of Responses of a Elasto-plastic Tube under Kerosene-air Mixture Detonation (케로신-공기 혼합물의 비정상연소 모델과 탄소성 관의 동적 거동 수치해석)

  • Lee, Younghun;Gwak, Min-cheol;Yoh, Jai-ick
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2015.12a
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    • pp.169-172
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    • 2015
  • This paper presents a numerical investigation on kerosene-air mixture detonation and behaviors of thermal elasto-plstic thin metal tube under detonation loading based on multi-material analysis. The detonation loading is modeled by the kerosene-air mixture detonation which is compared with CJ condition and experimental cell size. And the thermal softening effect on elasto-plstic model of metal tube is indicated by different dynamic response of detonation loaded tube in various temperature and tube thickness.

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The Effect of Injection Timing and Cavity Geometry on Fuel Mixture Formation in a Central Injected DI Gasoline Engine (중앙 분사방식의 직분식 가솔린 기관에서 연료 혼합기 형성에 미치는 분사시기와 캐비티 형상의 영향)

  • 김태안;강정중;김덕줄
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.32-38
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    • 2004
  • This study was performed to investigate the behavior of liquid and vapor phase of fuel mixtures with different piston cavity diameters in a optically accessible engine. The conventional engine was modified as Central Injected DI gasoline engine with swirl motion. Two dimensional spray fluorescence images of liquid and vapor phase were acquired to analyze spray behavior and fuel distribution inside of cylinder using exciplex fluorescence method. Piston cavity geometries were set by Type S, M and L. The results obtained are as follows. In the spray formation after SOI, the cone angle and width of the spray were decreased at late injection timing. With a fuel injection timing of BTDC $180^{\circ}C$, fuel was not greatly affected in a piston cavity but generally distributed as homogeneous mixture in the cylinder. With a fuel injection timings of BTDC $90{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$, fuel mixture was widely distributed in near the cavity center. As a injection timing was late in the compression stroke, residual width of fuel mixture was narrow in proportion to piston cavity.