• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-32
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• 2020

This study aims to develop contemporary fashion designs from the unique Yao minority costumes and to explore the possibility of developing creative designs by using knitting materials. The research method is based on the cultural clothing and costumes of the Chinese ethnic minority, as well as literature concerning the Yao costumes and photo data to investigate the cultural background and characteristics apparent in Yao costumes. The overall design characteristics of Yao costumes are as follows. First, the shape of Yao costumes are divided into straight-lined short tops with pleated skirts or shorts, or cardigan tops with pants and aprons, or long shirts, pants, and a belt. Each variant of tribal clothing is different. Second, the colors used are mainly black or dark blue, and these are accented by other colors, such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and white. Third, the clothing patterns are mainly in plant, animal, natural, geometric, and human, etc. motifs. The most common patterns in daily life are the patterns using geometric shapes, plants, or animals. Using the background of the unique lifestyles of the Yao ethnic minority, this study applied hand knitting and jacquard techniques for a knit fashion design. In order to develop traditional patterns, Yao patterns were entered into an Illustrator and SDS-ONE APEX3-4 was used for simulation. Using wool fibers as the raw material; the knitting machine used a Bird's eye Jacquard technique-10GG. The results of this research and design work were as follows. First, the knitted clothing design using Yao clothing elements has significance for the development and flexible use of ethnic elements in contemporary creative design. Second, the straight cut design using hand-knitted and jacquard-knit fabrics can minimize waste materials and provide more possibilities for sustainable design development. Third, it provides additional methods for the combination of hand-knitting and jacquard knitting fashion design.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2017

The BCBJ (Back Contact and Back Junction) or back-lit solar cell design eliminates shading loss by placing the pn junction and metal electrode contacts all on one side that faces away from the sun. However, as the electron-hole generation sites now are located very far from the pn junction, loss by minority-carrier recombination can be a significant issue. Utilizing Medici, a 2-dimensional semiconductor device simulation tool, the interdependency between the substrate thickness and the minority-carrier recombination lifetime was studied in terms of how these factors affect the solar cell power output. Qualitatively speaking, the results indicate that a very high quality substrate with a long recombination lifetime is needed to maintain the maximum power generation. The quantitative value of the recombination lifetime of minority-carriers, i.e., electrons in p-type substrates, required in the BCBJ cell is about one order of magnitude longer than that in the front-lit cell, i.e., $5{\times}10^{-4}sec$ vs. $5{\times}10^{-5}sec$. Regardless of substrate thickness up to $150{\mu}m$, the power output in the BCBJ cell stays at nearly the maximum value of about $1.8{\times}10^{-2}W{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, or $18mW{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, as long as the recombination lifetime is $5{\times}10^{-4}s$ or longer. The output power, however, declines steeply to as low as $10mW{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ when the recombination lifetime becomes significantly shorter than $5{\times}10^{-4}sec$. Substrate thinning is found to be not as effective as in the front-lit case in stemming the decline in the output power. In view of these results, for BCBJ applications, the substrate needs to be only mono-crystalline Si of very high quality. This bars the use of poly-crystalline Si, which is gaining wider acceptance in standard front-lit solar cells.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2015

이 연구는 사회적기업이 소수자 보호정책으로 어떠한 의미를 가지는가에 대해 본질적으로 접근하였다. 특히, 소수자정책에 많은 영향을 미치는 북한이탈주민들과 사회적기업과의 관계를 중심으로 논의하였다. 연구결과를 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 북한이탈주민들이 대한민국 사회에 적응하는데 가장 큰 어려움은 경제활동, 사회적 이질감인데, 사회적기업은 놓은 효과성을 가진 정책이라는 점을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 기존의 사회적기업이 지나치게 중앙정부 위주로 진행되어져 창의와 발전이 결여된 지원 모형이였다는 점이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 민관협동형 정책모형으로 변화해야 한다는 교훈을 얻을 수 있었다. 셋째, 사회적기업은 단순한 경제활동 수준을 넘어, 사회, 문화, 생활, 언어 등의 사회교육의 순기능을 가지고 있으므로 북한이탈주민들의 사회적기업 참여를 일정부문 의무화해야 한다는 교훈을 얻을 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 소수자정책으로써 북한이탈주민과 사회적기업의 관계를 설명하는데 이론적으로 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.627-641
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• 2008

1949년 신중국 성립 이후 중국에서는 빈번한 행정구역 개편이 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 개편은 주로 '공소제도(共銷制度)'와 '호구제도(戶口制度)'에 기반한 '시관현제(市管縣制)'와 '현개시(縣改市)' 실시에 의한 것이었다. 이 글에서는 이러한 배경을 가진 중국의 행정구역 개편과 그에 수반된 지명의 개편이 소수민족지구에서는 어떠한 영향과 의미를 가지고 있는 지에 대해 검토하고자 하였다. 변경 소수민족지구에서 진행된 시(市)의 증가 및 그에 수반된 행정구역과 지명의 개편은 해당 지역에서 내재적으로 이루어진 인구의 증가나 산업화 및 산업구조의 고도화를 반영한 것이라기보다는 한족이면서 비농업호구를 소지한 인구의 증가를 반영한 것으로, 해당 지역을 보다 완전하게 중국이라는 국토의 일원으로 포섭하는 과정이었다는 점을 결론으로 도출할 수 있었다. 따라서, 신중국 성립 이후 변경 소수민족지구에서 실시된 행정구역과 지명의 개편과정은 '인민'과 '지역'에 대한 확인 과정이면서, 동시에 분류와 통제의 과정, 정체성의 해체와 재구성의 과정이라고 해석할 수 있다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.48-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the similarities between religious costumes and Kazakh and Tajik minority women's costumes in the Chinese northwestern minority population that believes in both Islam and Shamanism. The research was conducted by investigating the forms, colors, and patterns of 240 representative costume pieces and making quantitative comparisons between religious and traditional costumes. The results showed that the Kazakh and Tajik costumes were similarly formed, both intended to cover the human body. Both the Islamic and traditional headdresses were also similarly shaped. In terms of color, black, white, green, and blue were found frequently in the Islamic religious costumes, as were red and yellow. Red, white, and brown, ascribed to the colors of shamanism, signifying incantations, were also frequent, indicating that this was engrained in their lives. A review of the traditional costumes revealed the patterns of Islam. Plants, geometry, abstraction, and letter patterns were dominant, whereas the meaning of the Islamic patterns, rebirth, sun, life, and hope, influenced the traditional costume patterns. Patterns associated with incantations, like the animal horns shown in the shamanism religious costumes, were persistently observed even after the people were converted to Islam. This study on the similarities between religious and traditional costumes in the Chinese minority might help us understand the connection between religious and traditional costumes and elucidate the cultural costume transition process.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제26권
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• pp.353-377
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• 2012

This treatise studies on how ideology and value of Chinese minority race undergo change according to social, political transition that the Chinese minority race has experienced for a long time and I also have tried to elucidate how these kinds of their experiences have been effected upon their own life, even it is part of my basic subjects for my study. Hence I would give weigh to focus on contemplating process of the past and the present rather than predictive discussion of how their pursuing value will be transformed. For my ebullient study, I'm willing to make Yi-Zu's moral culture become axis of my treatise, and capitalize on not only how Han-Zu's ideological philosopies have been disseminated, but also how acculturation have been taken place in Yi-Zu's moral culture system. Yi-Zu has the longest history and the greatest their own population, even the largest residence of various Chinese minority races. And Yun-Nan is the historical place where not only various Chinese minority races have lived, but also acculturation between Chinese majority, Han-Zu and them have been begotten. Above all, I would delve into traditional religion to understand Yi-Zu's moral culture as was already mentioned that it is my axis of treatise. Furthermore, I deliberated on how Taoism have been infiltrated Yi-Zu's moral culture, also how Han-Zu's ideological philosophies have been permeated Yi-Zu's, and what is more how to help themselves still remained in Yi-Zu's. Through my such these efforts, I analyze the aspect of embracing of Han-Zu's moral culture by Yi-Zu's and some facts of vicissitudes about it.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2167-2175
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• 2015

Autophagy is a self-digestion process, wrapping cytoplasmic proteins or organelles to form vesicles for degradation in lysosomes. The process plays an important role in the maintenance of intracellular homostasis. Here we overview articles on autophagy and cancer/tumors in Pubmed and found 327 articles. Autophagy exists in many tumors and is involved in cell malignant transformation and tumor cell growth. In early phases of tumorigenesis, autophagy clears the abnormally folded proteins and dysfunctional organelles such as mitochondria. Autophagy can also inhibit cell stress responses and prevent genetic damage. When a tumor develops, autophagy helps tumor cells survive nutritional deficiencies and hypoxic conditions. Studies of autophagy in the occurrence and progression of tumors should provide new therapeutic strategies for tumors.

• 복식
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• 제42권
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• pp.25-42
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• 1999

This study aims to prove that the fact that minority races in the north-eastern region contributed sable skin to the Quing Dynasty might be related to Cho-Sun of King Muryong in the Warring states period because documents are available here and there. The Chinese had been using fur clothing since ancient times but we cannot find any mention that they had used sable skin. This fact shows that sable skin was not widely used because of its rarity. Cho-pi had been used in making costume on a large scale from the period of the Han Dynasty to the end of the Quing Dynasty. Cho-pi was very rare and it was used as a measure of bartering. China met the demand of cho-pi by the Cho-pi contributions of the frontier minority races. It might bwe that the high demand of Cho-pi in the Quing Dynasty forced minority races to contribute Cho-pi The documents concerning Cho-pi in the north-eastern region are of great importance not only to the history of costume but also to the history of ancient economy and national culture.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2015

This paper suggests heuristic algorithm with polynomial time complexity for rigging elections problem that can be obtain the optimal solution using linear programming. The proposed algorithm transforms the given problem into adjacency graph. Then, we divide vertices V into two set W and D. The set W contains majority distinct and the set D contains minority area. This algorithm applies divide-and-conquer method that the minority area D is include into majority distinct W. While this algorithm using simple rule, that can be obtains the optimal solution equal to linear programing for experimental data. This paper shows polynomial time solution finding rule potential in rigging elections problem.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

Among the various possible factors affecting the Minority Carrier Life Time (MCLT) of the mc-Si crystal, dislocations formed during the cooling period after solidification were found to be a major element. It was confirmed that other defects such as grain boundary or twin boundary were not determinative defects affecting the MCLT because most of these defects seemed to be formed during the solidification period. With a measurement of total thickness variation (TTV) and bow of the silicon wafers, it was found that residual stress remaining in the mc-Si crystal might be another major factor affecting the MCLT. Thus, it is expected that better quality of mc-Si can be grown when the cooling process right after solidification is carried out as slow as possible.