• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2011

We compared three EDTA-based phenotypic screening methods for detecting IMP-1 and VIM-2 type metallo-${\beta}$- lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp., EDTA-double disk synergy test (EDTADDST), Etest MBL, and imipenem (IPM)-EDTA disk test. A total of 183 isolates (65 Acinetobacter spp. and 118 Pseudomonas spp. showing IPM resistance), confirmed to MBL genes by PCR, were used. The criteria for MBL production were (i) presence of a synergistic zone between IPM and EDTA disks in EDTA-DDST, (ii) reduction of IPM minimal inhibitory concentration by ${\geq}$ 3 twofold dilutions in the presence of EDTA in the Etest MBL, and (iii) ${\geq}$ 7 mm increase in the inhibition zone around the IPM plus EDTA disks compared with a sole IPM disk in the IPM-EDTA disk test. In this study using 87 MBL-producing and 96 MBL-nonproducing isolates, the sensitivities/specificities of EDTA-DDST, Etest MBL and IPM-EDTA disk tests were 94.3/78.1%, 89.7/91.7%, and 97.7/95.8%, respectively. When the threshold for the increase of the inhibition zone around the IPM plus EDTA disk over a sole IPM disk was altered to ${\geq}$ 5 mm and ${\geq}$ 8 mm for Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp., respectively, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98.9% and 96.9%, respectively. Of the three EDTA-based phenotypic tests, the IMP-EDTA disk test was superior for detection of MBL-producing isolates.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2006

The antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts from 17 seaweeds was screened using a paper disc method and using three human skin pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Candia albicans. The serial extraction of Neorhodomela aculeata was also conducted using four different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each extract was examined for the three pathogens. Of the 17 seaweeds, the MeOH extracts of Ulva conglobata, N. aculeata and Symphyocladia latiuscula showed antimicrobial activities. For the extracts from N. aculeata and S. latiuscula, the inhibition zones were more than 10 mm in diameter against S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and >7mm for C. albicans. The inhibition zone of U. conglobata treatment was about 8 mm for S. aureus only. The MIC of each N. aculeata extract ranged from 8 to 32 mg/mL against the three human skin pathogens, and the lowest value (8 mg/mL was with the methanol extract. These results suggest that the MeOH extract of N. aculeata might be useful for developing new antibiotics against human skin pathogens.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권2호통권23호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis)that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50 ${\mu}$l diluted Tangpo-san(100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20 ${\mu}$l,30 ${\mu}$l,40 ${\mu}$l,50 ${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Tanpo-san on S. aureus was not appeared all samples. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume, and the Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was equal to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10% on 2 and 6 days, and the Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was decreased. In 2 days, Anti-bacterial potency was appeared 40 and 50u1, in 6 days, Anti-bacterial potency was appeared all samples. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on cultivation of S. aureus showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권2호통권23호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis) that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50${\mu}$l diluted Sean-tang(100%, 10%,1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. 1. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20${\mu}$l, 30${\mu}$l, 40${\mu}$l, 50${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on S. aureus was appeared in 100% and increased on 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume. Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10%, 1% on 2 days and in100%, 10% on 6 days. In 100% Sean-tang, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was increased, in 10%, 1%, Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was increased. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased inpropotion to increase volume and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency Sean-tang on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on cultivation of S. aureus was showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권2호통권23호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis) that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50${\mu}$l diluted Jinpi-san(100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20${\mu}$l, 30${\mu}$l, 40${\mu}$l, 50${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. aureus was appeared in 100% and increased on 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10%, 1% on 2 days and in 100%, 10% on 6 days. In 100% Jinpi-san, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was increased, in 10%, Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was increased, in 1%, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was disappear. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume except for 20${\mu}$l of 6days and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on cultivation of S. aureus was showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.700-709
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• 2002

식품에 사용가능한 천연식품보존제를 개발하기 위하여 총 62종이 특용작물을 대상으로 실험하였다. 공시된 62종의 특용작물에 대한 물추출물 및 80% 에탄올 추출물을 제조하였으며 Escherchia coli, Listeria monocytogens 및 Candidia albicans의 3종의 미생물을 대상균주로 하여 paper disk method에 의해 항균력을 측정하였으며 그 결과 7종의 특용작물을 1차로 선발하였고 이후 정밀실험을 통하여 복분자 (Rubus coreanus miquel), 가자육(Therminalia chebula Retz), 오배자(Rhus javanica) 3종의 특용작물을 최종 선발하였다. 선발된 3종의 특용작물에 대한 항균 spectrum 측정 결과 가자육과 오배자 추출물이 비교적 넓은 항균 spectrum을 가지고 있었다. 최소성장억제농도인 MIC(minimal inhibition concentration)를 측정한 결과 가자육과 오배자 추출물이 낮은 수치의 MIC를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 액체배양시 균주의 성장억제에 미치는 영향을 측정한 결과 Listeria monocytogens에 대한 생육억제 활성이 매우 우수한 것으로 나타나 천연 식품보존제로서의 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1998

Polyphosphate has been used to prevent decomposition of foods and has been shown to have inhibitory effect on the growth of gram positive bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of polyphosphate on the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis, a gram negative endodontopathic bacterium. Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406 was grown in the presence of polyphosphates with different chain lengths. Inhibitory effect of each polyphosphate which was added at the beginning or during the culture, was determined by measuring the optical density of the bacterial cell at 540nm and by viable cell count. The results from this study were as follows : 1. Polyphosphates were shown the growth inhibition of the Porphyromonas endodontalis. 2. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of polyphosphate was observed to be 0.04%. 3. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 25 and 75 demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis. 4. Polyphosphates are bactericidal to Porphyromonas endodontalis, demonstrating the growth inhibition of the bacterium. The overall results suggest that use of polyphosphate may affect the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis. Further studies will be needed to confirm the effect of, polyphosphate.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2021

A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), caused a worldwide pandemic. Our aim in this study is to produce new fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, which can be the basis for developing new antiviral drugs. The fusion core comprising the heptad repeat domains (HR1 and HR2) of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) were used to design the peptides. A total of twelve peptides were generated, comprising a short or truncated 24-mer (peptide #1), a long 36-mer peptide (peptide #2), and ten peptide #2 analogs. In contrast to SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 S-mediated cell-cell fusion cannot be inhibited with a minimal length, 24-mer peptide. Peptide #2 demonstrated potent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 S-mediated cell-cell fusion at 1 µM concentration. Three peptide #2 analogs showed IC50 values in the low micromolar range (4.7-9.8 µM). Peptide #2 inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus assay at IC50=1.49 µM. Given their potent inhibition of viral activity and safety and lack of cytotoxicity, these peptides provide an attractive avenue for the development of new prophylactic and therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2004

오디 과실을 이용한 고부가가치의 가공식품의 개발에 관한 연구 일환으로 먼저 최소가공기술을 이용한 오디 과실주스 제조 방법을 조사하였다. 오디 과실의 물추출액을 면포여과, 감압여과(Whatman No. 4 filter paper를 이용한) 및 원심분리를 각각 실시한 결과 원심분리가 가장 좋은 청징효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 여러 여과보조제 및 청징제를 첨가한 후 원심분리하여 얻은 오디 과실즙의 색의 변화는 처리한 여과보조제, 청징제 및 청징 효소의 종류에 따라 차이가 있었으며, 특히 casein, gelatin, chitin, chitosan 및 PVPP는 오디 색소를 강하게 흡착하였으며, 그리고 청징효소 중 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 처리구가 가장 좋은 청징효과를 나타내었다. 다음, 오디 과즙을 원심분리한 후 $0.01\;{\mu}m$ 막여과를 실시한 결과 오디주스의 청징효과가 매우 우수하였으나 한외여과방법은 오디 색소의 강한 흡착으로 적절하지 않았다. 한편, 4가지 갈변저해제 처리에 따른 오디 과실주스의 갈변억제 효과를 측정한 결과 200ppm sodium hydrosulfite 처리구가 가장 갈변억제 효과가 우수하였으며, 아울러 0.1% L-ascorbic acid(L-AsA) 및 citric acid(CA)도 갈변억제 효과가 있었다. 그리고 위의 3가지 갈변저해제를 2중 복합병행 처리한 결과 0.1% L-AsA+0.1% CA 처리구가 가장 좋은 갈변억제 효과를 나타내었다. 마지막으로 관능검사를 실시한 결과 오디주스의 최적 당/산비는 40-50이었으며, 또한 상업적 살균 온도($85-90^{\circ}C$)에서 처리시간은 10분이 가장 적합함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.603-607
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• 2005

충치원인균인 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 페놀성 화합물(14종)의 항미생물활성은 hydroxybenzoic acid group에서는 syringic acid를 제외한 모든 화합물이 5와 10 mg/disc 함유량에서 $8.5{\sim}18mm$까지의 생육저해환을 나타내었다. 기타 phenolics 화합물에서는 catechol과 L-ascorbic acid가 저해능을 나타냈는데, 특히 catechol은 10 mg/disc 함유량은 $18.5{\sim}19.5mm$로 강한 항미생물활성을 나타냈다. Phenolic compounds의 최소저해농도는 S. mutans, M1 및 M2 균 모두에서 2,000 ppm의 농도에서 MIC 값을 나타내어 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, catechol만 1,000 ppm의 농도에서 높은 MIC 값을 나타내었다. 충치 관련 미생물인 S. mutans에 대해 항미생물활성이 인정된 7종의 페놀성 화합물을 대상으로 S. mutans가 생산하는 glucosyltransferase(GTase)의 활성저해능은 benzoic acid와 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 처리구에서는 100과 500 ppm 농도에서 약하게나마 GTase활성을 저해하는 경향을 나타냈으며, gallic acid 처리구는 10 ppm부터 활성을 나타내기 시작해서 100 ppm과 500 ppm에서 약 50%의 저해 활성을 나타냈다. 한편 catechol 처리구에서는 10 ppm에서 58.7%의 저해활성을 나타내었고, 50 ppm에서 60.7%, 100 ppm에서 88.4%, 그리고 500 ppm에서 89.6%의 높은 활성을 나타내어 catechol의 S. mutans에 대한 생육저해능 측정에서 높은 항미생물활성을 나타낸 결과와 동일한 경향을 나타냈다.