• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2005

The catalyst layer design is one of the most important factors to enhance the performance of PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) system. The hydrophobic and ion conductive type is studied for the MEA(Membrane Electrolyte Assembly). It is found that those have some limitations for performance enhancement when they are used separately. Thus, the dual catalyst type, a mixed model, is developed for the better MEA performance. In the meantime, the design of flow field plate is subsequently carried out in order to give more enhanced output during its operation. The conductivity of flow field plate showed better performance in the case of manufactured by the more compressed process(20MPa) than by the less compressed process(10MPa). The micro-structure of the flow field plate is examined in details using SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) to analyse the effects on the different compression processes.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2001

Recently, it has increased that the importance of gas pressure weldment of steel bars in large construction bars. But there has hardly been any studies about it. Therefore we need more research. SD40 steel bar (32mm in diameter) which has been practically used at construction sites are tested about tension, bonding, fatigue, a macro structure and micro structure at foil gitudinal section and hardness to fed out the mechanical property and best welding ranges in some cases of mechanical cut and gas cut before gas pressure welded. It is that a gas-pressure welded zone of steel bar where was cleaned of impurities in way of two-upsetted method is more excellent bending and tension property than the regulation of KD D 0244. Also gas cut bars gained hardness from the heat affected zone so. In conclusion, to improve the weldability of steel bars, it is considered best to clean mechanically cut sutra- faces and then weld them by a method of 2 step upset way.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2005

Ultra-precision positioning systems basically require high natural frequency and sufficient workspace. To cope with this requirement, flexure hinge mechanisms have been proposed. However, previous designs are hard to satisfy the functional requirements of the system due to difficulty in modeling and optimizing process applying an independent axiomatic design. Therefore, this paper proposes a new design and design-order based on semi-coupled axiomatic design. A planar 3 DOF parallel type micro mechanism is chosen as an exemplary device. Based on preliminary kinematic analysis and dynamic modeling of the system, an optimal design has been carried out. To check the effectiveness of the optimal parameters obtained from theoretical approach, simulation is performed by FEM. The simulation result shows that a natural frequency of 200.53Hz and a workspace of $2000{\mu}m{\times}2000{\mu}m$ can be ensured, which is in very close agreement with the specified goal of design.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2002

This paper describes the machining characteristics of the MoSi$_2$--based composites through the process of electric discharge drilling with various tubular electrodes. In addition to hardness characteristics, microstructures of Nb/MoSi$_2$laminate composites were evaluated from the variation of fabricating conditions, such as preparation temperature, applied pressure, and pressure holding time. MoSi$_2$-based composites have been developed in new materials for jet engines of supersonic-speed airplanes and gas turbines for high-temperature generators. These high performance engines may require new hard materials with high strength and high temperature-resistance. Also, with the exception of grinding, traditional machining methods are not applicable to these new materials. Electric discharge machining (EDM) is a thermal process that utilizes a spark discharge to melt a conductive material. The tool electrode is almost -unloaded, because there is n direct contact between the tool electrode and the work piece. By combining a non-conducting ceramic with more conducting ceramic, it was possible to raise the electrical conductivity. From experimental results, it was found that the lamination from Nb sheet and MoSi$_2$ powder was an excellent strategy to improve hardness characteristics of monolithic MoSi$_2$. However, interfacial reaction products, like (Nb, Mo)SiO$_2$and Nb$_2$Si$_3$formed at the interface of Nb/MoSi$_2$, and increased with fabricating temperature. MoSi$_2$composites, with which a hole drilling was not possible through the conventional machining process, enhanced the capacity of ED-drilling by adding MbSi$_2$, relative to that of SiC or ZrO$_2$reinforcements.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2014

액체 전리함은 공동 전리함과 달리 감응매질이 물 등가물질로 이루어져 있어서, 감도가 매우 높아서 충분히 작게 만들 수 있기 때문에 기준 조사면 뿐만 아니라 소조사면의 선량 평가에 유용하다는 장점이 있지만, 이온 재결합 손실 계산에 있어 초기 재결합과 일반 재결합을 모두 고려해야 하므로, 사용상에 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구에서는 연속 빔인 코발트 60 빔에서 PTW사의 microLion 액체 전리함을 이용하여 Greening 이론식과 이선량률법 및 다른 실험을 이용하여 수집효율을 구하고, 비교하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이는 코발트 장비인 Theratron 780과 물팬톰을 이용하여 수행하였으며, 선량률에 따른 microLion 전리함의 전하량을 측정하기 위해 0.6 cc 공동 전리함을 같은 조건에서 동시에 측정하였다. 이때 선량률의 범위는 0.125~0.746 Gy/min이였으며, 각 선량률에서 +400, +600 및 +800 전압에 대하여 액체 전리함을 이용하여 전하량을 측정하였다. 측정된 데이터를 이용하여 세 가지 방법에 따라 계산된 수집효율은 대체로 1% 이내로 일치하였다. 특히 본 연구에서 실험을 통해 구한 수집효율은 가장 낮은 두 선량률을 제외하고는 0.3% 이내로 잘 일치함을 보였다. 이선량률법의 경우 Greening 이론식과 비교하여 대체로 1% 이내의 차이를 보였지만, 두 선량률의 차이가 적을 때 대략 4% 가까운 차이를 보임을 확인하였다. TRS-398 물흡수선량 프로토콜에서 권고하는 표면과 선원간의 거리가 80 cm이고, 깊이 5 cm에서 Greening 이론법과 이선량률법, 본 연구에서 실험을 통해 얻은 방법에 의한 이온 재결합 보정계수는 각각 1.0233, 1.0239, 1.0316으로, 이 조건에서 대략 3%의 이온 재결합에 의한 손실이 발생함을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 실험을 통해 이온 재결합 손실을 계산하는 방법은 다른 두 선량률에서 액체 전리함의 보정된 전하량을 이용하여 손쉽게 결정할 수 있기 때문에 연속 빔에서 선량 평가 시에 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.141-159
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• 2017

A pick cutter is a rock-cutting tool used in partial-face excavation machines such as roadheaders, and its quality is a key element influencing the excavation performance and efficiency of such machines. In this study, pick cutters with hardfacing deposits applied to a tungsten carbide insert were made with aim of increasing their durability and wear resistance. They were field-tested by being installed in a roadheader and compared with conventional pick cutters under the same excavation conditions for 24 hours. The hardfaced pick cutters showed much smaller weight loss after excavation, and therefore better excavation performance, than the conventional pick cutters. In particular, the damage to and detachment (loss) of tungsten carbide inserts was minimal in the hardfaced pick cutters. A detailed inspection using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and three-dimensional X-ray computed tomography scanning revealed no macro- or micro-cracks in the pick cutters. The reason for the absence of cracks may be that the heads of pick cutters are mechanically worn after the tungsten carbide inserts have been worn and damaged. However, scanning revealed the presence of voids between tungsten carbide inserts and pick cutter heads. This discovery of voids indicates the need to improve production processes in order to guarantee a higher quality of pick cutters.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

This paper describes the machining characteristics of the $MoSi_2$ based composites by electric discharge drilling with various tubular electrodes, besides, Hardness characteristics and microstructures of $Nb/MoSi_2$ laminate composites were evaluated from the variation of fabricating conditions such as preparation temperature, applied pressure and pressure holding time. $MoSi_2$ -based composites has been developed in new materials for jet engine of supersonic-speed airplanes and gas turbine for high- temperature generator. Achieving this objective may require new hard materials with high strength and high temperature-resistance. However, With the exception of grinding, traditional machining methods are not applicable to these new materials. Electric discharge machining (EDM) is a thermal process that utilizes a spark discharge to melt a conductive material, the tool electrode being almost non-unloaded, because there is no direct contact between the tool electrode and the workpiece. By combining a nonconducting ceramics with more conducting ceramic it was possible to raise the electrical conductivity. From experimental results, it was found that the lamination from Nb sheet and $MoSi_2$ powder was an excellent strategy to improve hardness characteristics of monolithic $MoSi_2$. However, interfacial reaction products like (Nb, Mo)$SiO_2$ and $Nb_2Si_3$ formed at the interface of $Nb/MoSi_2$ and increased with fabricating temperature. $MoSi_2$ composites which a hole drilling was not possible by the conventional machining process, enhanced the capacity of ED-drilling by adding $NbSi_2$ relative to that of SiC or $ZrO_2$ reinforcements.