• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1181-1185
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• 2010

본 연구는 WSSV의 주요 구조단백질인 VP19와 VP28을 모두 포함하는 VP19+28 fusion protein을 제조하여, Litopenaeus vannamei에서 WSSV에 대한 백신으로서의 효능을 평가하고자 수행하였다. VP19와 VP28 유전자를 fusion하여 제작한 VP19+28 유전자를 pET-28a(+) vector에 삽입하고 단일단백질로서 제작된 VP19+28 유전자를 E. coli BL21 (DE3)에서 발현시켰다. 백신실험을 위해 새우에게 2주 동안 실험용 사료를 급이하였으며, 그 후 바이러스액($1{\times}10^2$배로 희석한 WSSV)을 이용하여 새우에게 주사 감염에 의해 in vivo 공격실험(challenge test)을 수행하였다. 실험결과, vaccination을 하지 않은 새우들은 감염 후 11일째에 100%의 누적폐사율을 보였으며, host control로써 E. coli BL21을 사용하여 vaccination한 새우들은 감염 후 17일째에 100%의 누적폐사율을 보였다. rVP19, rVP28, rVP19+28을 이용하여 vaccination한 새우들의 경우 감염 후 21일째에 각각 66.7%, 41.7%, 41.7%의 누적폐사율을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 rVP28과 rVP19+28이 WSSV에 대해 높은 백신효능을 가짐을 확인하였다. 또한 감염 후 21일째에 fusion protein rVP19+28과 rVP28의 누적폐사율은 동일하였지만 공격실험기간 동안 폐사율이 rVP19+28을 투여 한 실험군이 낮게 나타나는 것을 보아 WSSV에 대한 새우의 방어효능은 rVP19+28이 더 높음을 나타내는 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2018

본 연구는 대학생의 스마트폰 중독과 스트레스, 회복탄력성과의 관계를 확인하고, 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 전라남도 소재 4년제 대학생 241명이다. 자료수집은 2017년 7월 6일부터 8월 31일까지 실시하였다. 연구결과, 대상자의 스마트폰 중독과 스트레스(r=.37, P<.001)는 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, 회복탄력성(r=.-25, p<.001)과는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 대상자의 스트레스 중 당면과제(r=.40, p<.001)와 대인관계(r=.25, p<.001)는 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, 회복탄력성 중 자기조절능력(r=-.32, p<.001)과 대인관계능력(r=-.21, p=.001)은 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 스마트폰 중독에 영향을 미치는 변수는 학업문제(${\beta}=.15$, p=.047)와 자기조절능력(${\beta}=-.21$, p=.007)으로 총 설명력($R^2$)은 22.1%였다. 따라서 대학생의 스마트폰 중독을 예방하고 관리하기 위한 체계적인 교과외 프로그램의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2016

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that sample their environment and present antigens to naïve T lymphocytes for the subsequent antigen-specific immune responses. DCs exist in a range of distinct subpopulations including plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and classical DCs (cDCs), with the latter consisting of the cDC1 and cDC2 lineages. Although the roles of DC-specific transcription factors across the DC subsets have become understood, the posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate DC development are yet to be elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in a myriad of biological processes, but their contribution to the immune system is just beginning to surface. In this study, our in-house probe collection was screened to identify miRNAs possibly involved in DC development and function by targeting the transcripts of relevant mouse transcription factors. Examination of DC subsets from the culture of mouse bone marrow with Flt3 ligand identified high expression of miR-124 which was able to target the transcript of TCF4, a transcription factor critical for the development and homeostasis of pDCs. Further expression profiling of mouse DC subsets isolated from in vitro culture as well as via ex vivo purification demonstrated that miR-124 was outstandingly expressed in CD24⁺ cDC1 cells compared to in pDCs and CD172α⁺ cDC2 cells. These results imply that miR-124 is likely involved in the processes of DC subset development by posttranscriptional regulation of a transcription factor(s).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2015

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the first step in metastasis and implicated in the phenotype of cancer stem cells. Therefore, understanding and controlling EMT, are essential to the prevention and cure of metastasis. In the present study, we examined, by Western blot, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and confocal microscopy, the effects of cardamonin (CDN) on transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$)-induced EMT of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. TGF-${\beta}1$ induced expression of N-cadherin and decreased expression of E-cadherin. CDN suppressed N-cadherin expression and restored E-cadherin expression. Further, TGF-${\beta}1$ induced migration and invasion of A549 cancer cells, which was suppressed by CDN. TGF-${\beta}1$ induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation during EMT, but CDN blocked it. Protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) expression in A549 cancer cells was reduced by TGF-${\beta}1$ but CDN restored it. The overall data suggested that CDN suppresses TGF-${\beta}1$-induced EMT via PP2A restoration, making it a potential new drug candidate that controls metastasis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2011

Objectives: The microRNA (miRNA) miR-196a2 may play an important role in lung cancer development and survival by altering binding activity of target mRNA. In this study, we evaluated their associations with the susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) by case-control study in a Korean population. Methods: We performed genotyping analyses for miR-196a2 rs11614913 T/C at miRNA regions in a case-control study using blood samples of 406 NSCLC patient and 428 cancer-free control groups. Results: The total C allele frequencies for miR-196a2 were 48.8% for the patients and 45.6% for the controls; and the genotype frequencies of TT, TC, and CC were 23.7%, 55.2%, and 21.1% for the patients and 31.1%, 46.35%, and 22.4% for the controls (p<0.05). Participants who possesses TC/CC genotypes showed high risk for NSCLC compared to those possessed TT genotypes (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.96). The association was persisted in 60 and older age group, male, smokers, those without family history for cancer. However, no significant association of CC genotypes in recessive genetic model was observed. Conclusions: In conclusion, this case-control study provides evidence that miR-196a2 rs11614913 C/T polymorphisms are associated with a significantly increased risk of NSCLC in a dominant model, indicating that common genetic polymorphisms in miR-196a2 rs11614913 are associated with NSCLC. The association of miR196a2 rs11614913 polymorphisms and NSCLC risk require confirmation through additional larger studies.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.895-903
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• 2015

Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in the growth and development of a variety of cells, including primordial germ cells (PGCs) which play an essential role in germ cell development. However, the target mRNAs and the regulatory networks influenced by miRNAs in PGCs remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate a novel miRNAs control PGC development through targeting mRNAs involved in various cellular pathways. We reveal the PGC-enriched expression patterns of nine miRNAs, including miR-10b, -18a, -93, -106b, -126-3p, -127, -181a, -181b, and -301, using miRNA expression analysis along with mRNA microarray analysis in PGCs, embryonic gonads, and postnatal testes. These miRNAs are highly expressed in PGCs, as demonstrated by Northern blotting, miRNA in situ hybridization assay, and miRNA qPCR analysis. This integrative study utilizing mRNA microarray analysis and miRNA target prediction demonstrates the regulatory networks through which these miRNAs regulate their potential target genes during PGC development. The elucidated networks of miRNAs disclose a coordinated molecular mechanism by which these miRNAs regulate distinct cellular pathways in PGCs that determine germ cell development.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1824-1836
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• 2020

Objective: On the hypothesis that grazing of cattle prompts organs to secrete or internalize circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) in parallel with changes in energy metabolism, we aimed to clarify biological events in adipose, skeletal muscle, and liver tissues in grazing Japanese Shorthorn (JSH) steers by a transcriptomic approach. Methods: The subcutaneous fat (SCF), biceps femoris muscle (BFM), and liver in JSH steers after three months of grazing or housing were analyzed using microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), followed by gene ontology (GO) and functional annotation analyses. Results: The results of transcriptomics indicated that SCF was highly responsive to grazing compared to BFM and liver tissues. The 'Exosome', 'Carbohydrate metabolism' and 'Lipid metabolism' were extracted as the relevant GO terms in SCF and BFM, and/or liver from the >1.5-fold-altered mRNAs in grazing steers. The qPCR analyses showed a trend of upregulated gene expression related to exosome secretion and internalization (charged multivesicular body protein 4A, vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B, vesicle associated membrane protein 7, caveolin 1) in the BFM and SCF, as well as upregulation of lipolysis-associated mRNAs (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, hormone-sensitive lipase, perilipin 1, adipose triglyceride lipase, fatty acid binding protein 4) and most of the microRNAs (miRNAs) in SCF. Moreover, gene expression related to fatty acid uptake and inter-organ signaling (solute carrier family 27 member 4 and angiopoietin-like 4) was upregulated in BFM, suggesting activation of SCF-BFM organ crosstalk for energy metabolism. Meanwhile, expression of plasma exosomal miR-16a, miR-19b, miR-21-5p, and miR-142-5p was reduced. According to bioinformatic analyses, the c-miRNA target genes are associated with the terms 'Endosome', 'Caveola', 'Endocytosis', 'Carbohydrate metabolism', and with pathways related to environmental information processing and the endocrine system. Conclusion: Exosome and fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression was altered in SCF of grazing cattle, which could be regulated by miRNA such as miR-142-5p. These changes occurred coordinately in both the SCF and BFM, suggesting involvement of exosome in the SCF-BFM organ crosstalk to modulate energy metabolism.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of psychological acceptance and social support on posttraumatic growth in stomach cancer patients. Methods: The questionnaires were administered from January 14 to February 11, 2015 to 123 subjects who had stomach cancer surgery six months prior. SPSS statistics 21.0 software was used to analyze the data for t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, Scheffé test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of this study are as follows: The major factors related to posttraumatic growth included gender (t=-2.72, p=.007), age (r=-.21, p=.016), having a religion (t=-3.40, p<.001), perceived importance of religion (r=.43, p<.001), seriousness of cancer diagnosis (r=.25, p=.005) and impact of cancer diagnosis (r=.32, p<.001). There were significant relationships between psychological acceptance (r=.18, p=.041) and social support (r=.32, p<.001) on posttraumatic growth. Significantly influential factors of posttraumatic growth were age (β=-.19, p=.021), perceived importance of religion (β=.41, p<.001) and family support (β=.29, p<.001), which together accounted for 36.5% of the variance in posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: The result of current study indicated that age, importance of religion, and family support influenced posttraumatic growth. Based on the findings of this study, developing nursing intervention programs focusing on increasing posttraumatic growth in stomach cancer patients is recommended.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.137-140
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• 2018

A five-month-old toy poodle was referred for treatment of bilateral mandibular fractures. Preoperative skull and dental radiographs showed rostral mandibular fractures and permanent teeth that had not yet erupted. In addition to providing stability for the healing of fractures, it is very important to focus on restoring normal occlusion. The mandibular fractures were repaired using interdental wiring in a dentate area where the deciduous canines and fourth premolars were stable and could be used to anchor the interdental fixation. In the absence of an erupted permanent mandibular first molar, the modified Risdon wiring was performed using the deciduous mandibular fourth premolars as anchor teeth. An intraoral splint was placed on the mandibular teeth using self-curing composite resin. Five months after surgery, the patient had experienced no complications, and the permanent teeth had erupted normally. In this case, which involves a small-breed puppy with deciduous dentition, treatment with a wire-reinforced interdental splint using intact deciduous fourth premolar teeth as anchor teeth can be considered as a suitable method for rostral mandibular fracture restoration.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.540-546
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• 2014

The high mortality rates associated with cancer reflect the metastatic spread of tumor cells from the site of their origin. Metastasis, in fact, is the cause of 90% of cancer deaths. Therefore, considerable effort is being made to inhibit metastasis. In the present study, we screened ketotifen for anti-migratory and anti-invasive activities against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cancer cells. Cancer cell migration and invasion were measured using multi-well chambers. Additionally, western blots were used to examine the effects of ketotifen on the expressions of CDC42, Rho, Rac, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). The results showed that ketotifen dose-dependently suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cells. Ketotifen also suppressed the expressions of CDC42, Rac, and Rho, which, significantly, are involved in MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cancer cell migration. Moreover, ketotifen suppressed the expression and activity of MMP-9, which is involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix leading to invasion. The overall data suggested that ketotifen suppresses the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cancer cells via inhibition of CDC42, Rac, Rho, and MMP-9 expression.