• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.63 no.1
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate changes in pesticide residues in eggplant and lettuce during washing and cooking processes after application with azoxystrobin. Eggplant was processed with running washing, steaming, and stir-frying, and lettuce was processed with soaking washing, running washing, soaking and running washing, ultrasonic cleaning, and blanching. The limit of quantitation of GC analysis of azoxystrobin was 0.01 mg/kg and the recovery rate was 84.7-109.5%. The azoxystrobin processing factors (PFs) and reduction rates in eggplant and lettuce were calculated and the results were as follows. In the case of eggplant, the azoxystrobin PF and reduction rate of running washing were 0.29 and 71.1%, respectively, those of steaming were 0.32 and 68.0%, respectively, and those of stir-frying were 0.24 and 75.7%, respectively. In the case of lettuce, the azoxystrobin PF and reduction rate of soaking washing were 0.25, 75.3%, those of running washing were 0.61 and 38.9%, respectively, those of soaking and running washing were 0.32, 68.0%, those of ultrasonic cleaning were 0.47 and 53.1%, respectively, and those of blanching were 0.26 and 73.6%, respectively. It could be identified that pesticide residues in eggplant and lettuce can be effectively reduced through washing and cooking processes and that most of pesticide residues were removed when cooking processes were undergone after washing. Therefore, azoxystrobin PFs after washing and processing can be provided as basic data for risk assessment.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2019

In accordance with the decommissioning plan for the Kori Unit 1 NPP, the reactor coolant system will be chemically decontaminated as soon as possible after permanent shutdown. This study developed the chemical decontamination process though the development project of decontamination technology of reactor coolant system and dismantled equipment for NPP decommissioning, which has been carried out since 2014. In this study, Oxidation/reduction process was conducted using system decontamination process development equipment of lab scale and was divided into unit and continuous processes. The optimal process time was derived from the unit process, and decontamination agent and the number of process were derived through the continuous processes. Through the unit process, the oxidation process took 5 hours and the reduction process took 4 hours. As optimum decontamination agent, the oxidizing agent was $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Permanganic acid + $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Nitric acid and the reducing agent was $2000mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Oxalic acid. In the case of the number of processes, all oxide films were removed during the two-cycle chemical decontamination process of STS304 and SA508. In the case of Alloy600, all oxide films were removed when chemical decontamination was performed for three cycles or more.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2013

The effects of Zn and Mg amounts on the solidification characteristics, microstructure, thermal conductivity and tensile strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Fe alloys were investigated for the development of high thermal conductivity aluminium alloys for die casting. Zn and Mg amounts in Al-Zn-Mg-Fe alloys had a little effect on the liquidus / solidus temperature, the latent heat for solidification and the fluidity of Al-Zn-Mg-Fe alloys. Thermo-physical modelling of Al-Zn-Mg-Fe alloys by JMatPro program showed $MgZn_2$, AlCuMgZn and Al3Fe phases on microstructure of their alloys. Increase of Zn and Mg amounts in Al-Zn-Mg-Fe alloys resulted in gradual reduction of the thermal conductivity of their alloys. Increase of Mg amounts in Al-2%Zn-Mg-Fe alloys had little effect on the tensile strength of their alloys, but increase of Mg amounts in Al-4%Zn-Mg-Fe alloys resulted in steep increase of the tensile strength of their alloys.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2011

The anti-cancer effects of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract were evaluated in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The concentrations of extract were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/mL. Dose-dependent reductions in the number of cells with altered cell shape and pyknotic nuclei were observed at 48 h after treatments. MTT assay also exhibited a similar dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial reductase activity (p<0.05), in particular, with a rapid reduction in the activity of the 5 mg/mL group. Analysis of cell death with propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed only a slight increase in cell death in the 5 mg/mL group. Analysis of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporations also showed a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation (p<0.05). Finally, increases in total radical oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cells, as revealed by DCF-DA staining, were observed in the treated groups in a similar dose-dependent fashion (p<0.05). These results indicate that Angelica keiskei ethanol extract exhibiting anti-cancer effects in MDA-MB-231 cells causes multiple changes in cell shape, enzyme activity, and ROS accumulation, thereby inducing cell death.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.1465-1472
• /
• 2011

Water quality surveys has been performed to establish water quality improvement strategy for the lake Pyeungtaek, and WASP model was used to simulate to identify the effect of water quality improvement according to the reduction of pollutant loadings for the upstream watersheds. Assuming that present loadings was continued up to the future, the water quality of the lake was found to be getting worse resulting from the increase of pollutants due to the planned future development. In this study, we made various scenarios to predict the future water quality, scenario 6 made a large contribution to improve the lake water quality compared to others. Even the scenario 6, COD concentration of year 2016 in the lake was examined to be under the 4th rate of water quality level for the lake (COD less than 8 mg/L), similar to year 2021. Even though additional reduction of loadings for the scenario 6 was made, the water quality in lake was a little improvement, and was though to be inappropriate action in the economic point of view.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2007

The therapeutic effect of honeybee venom collected using be venom collector on bovine mastitis was investigated. Mastitic cows from four farms were selected in the Yang-pyeong areas. Chronic mastitic cows were injected with the various concentrations of honey-bee venom per day. There was a significant difference in the reduction rates of somatic cell counts (SCC) according to treatment concentration and method of bee venom. The milk SCC were significantly decreased in all concentrations of bee venom 3 days after treatment. The reduction rates of SCC in treatment of 3, 6, 12 and 24mg honeybee venom were 20, 43, 63.3 and 65.8% respectively. Honeybee venom treatment consisted of two methods, a syringeful and a Bovivet Spenstift. The treatment with Bovivet Spenstift was more effective in the reduction rates of SCC compared with the syringeful. Thirty two out of 53 quarters were cured by Bovivet Spenstift with 12mg bee venom per day for 14 days. The venom cure rates of bovine mastitis by Escherichia coli, Stapylococcus aureus, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria were 33.3, 75, 75 and 43.8% respectively. These results suggested that bee venom treatment (by Bovivet Spenstift with 12mg) might be effective for treatment of bovine mastitis.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.90-102
• /
• 2010

Effect of ethanol (ASE) and water (ASW) extracts of Argyreia speciosa on blood glucose and lipid profile was investigated in normoglycemic and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals. In oral glucose and sucrose tolerance test, treatment with ASE and ASW (100 and 200 mg/kg) and Glidenclamide (10 mg/kg) significantly improved the glucose and sucrose tolerance in normal animals. In addition, respective treatment for fifteen-day resulted in significant percentage reduction in serum glucose (SG) ie., 30.39% (lower dose of ASE) and 33.21% (higher dose of ASW). In standardized STZ (50 mg/kg, iv)-induced diabetic rats, a single dose of ASE and ASW treatment exhibited reduction in SG levels at different time intervals compared to basal levels. Administration of both the doses of ASE and ASW for fifteen-day days exhibited greater percentage reduction in glycemia (24.6%, 24.7%, 23.9% and 21.9% respectively) and also ameliorated restored to near normal value of all tested lipid parameters. Further, treatment also exhibited significantly improved glucose tolerance over the period of 120 min compared to diabetic control group. Eventhough treatment failed to increase serum insulin levels significantly but peripheral utilization of insulin was increased as evident by insulin tolerance test. Taken together, present study supports the traditional usage of title plant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.525-532
• /
• 2014

Since mine wastes were merely dumped in the mine waste dump, they have produced acid mine drainage (AMD). Therefore, main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of coal combustion products (CCPs) on heavy metal stabilization and detoxification for mine wastes. Total six treatments for incubation test were conducted depending on mixing method (completely mixing and layered). Also, lysimeter experiment was conducted to examine efficiency of polyacrylamide (PAM) on reduction of mine wastes erosion. Result of incubation test showed that concentrations of soluble aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) in leachate decreased compared to control. The lowest soluble Al and Fe in leachate was observed in 50% mixed treatment (14.2 and $1.03mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Al and Fe respectively) compared to control treatment (253.0 for Al and $52.6mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Fe). The pH of mine wastes (MW) and leachate increased compared to control after mixing with CCPs and ordered as control (MW 6.4, leachate 6.3) < 10% (MW 7.7, leachate 7.1) < 20% (MW 9.0, leachate 7.8) < 30% (MW 9.5, leachate 8.3) < 40% (MW 9.9, leachate 8.5) < 50% (MW 10.5, leachate 8.6). Application of PAM, both in liquid and granular type, dramatically decreased the suspended solid (SS) concentration of CCPs treatments. Reduction of SS loss was ordered as MW70CR30L ($24.4mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30LPL ($6.7mg\;L^{-1}$) > NT ($3.1mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30M ($1.6mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30MPL ($1.1mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30PGM ($0.7mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30LPG ($0.5mg\;L^{-1}$) > MW70CR30MPG ($0.4mg\;L^{-1}$). Overall, application of CCPs can be environmental friendly and cost-effective way to remediate coal mine wastes contaminated with heavy metals. In addition, use of PAM could help to prevent the erosion coal mine wastes in mine waste disposal area.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 1993

Central analgesic effect of capsaicin was assessed by the tail flick reflex (TFR) test, using male Sprague-Dawley rats under anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium (induction with 40 mg/kg and maintenance with $4{\sim}8\;mg/kg/hr$). Level of norepinephrine in the spinal cord was also measured. Capsaicin, $35{\sim}150\;{\mu}g$, was injected intrathecally, and the TFR latency was measured before, 10, 30, and 60 minutes after the drug administration. TFR latency was increased 100% or more immediately by intrathecal capsaicin, from 2.9 seconds to the maximum of 7.0 seconds at 10 minute after the drug; P<0.01. The increase in TFR latency was maintained during the course of experiment of 2 hours. Concomitant reduction of NE content in the spinal cord was observed; from 16 ng/mg protein to 7 ng/mg protein. On the other hand, subcutaneous injection of capsaicin of 50 mg/kg did not change the TFR latency although the NE content reduced similarly to the case of intrathecal injection. Pretreatment of the animal with 0.5 mg/kg of MK-801 reversed the increase of TFR latency and NE reduction induced by intrathecal capsaicin. These results suggest that capsaicin causes analgesia at the spinal cord level by activating the excitatory amino acid-NE-dorsal horn interneurons axis of the descending inhibitory pain modulation pathway.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.715-725
• /
• 2017

Importance of climate change and its impact on agriculture and environment has increased with the rise in the levels of Green House Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. To slow down the speed of climate change, numerous efforts have been applied in industrial sectors to reduce GHGs emission and to enhance carbon storage. In the agricultural sector, several types of research have been performed with emphasis on GHGs emission reduction; however, only a few work has been done in understanding the role of carbon sink on reduction in GHGs emission. In this study, we investigated ecosystem carbon balance and soil carbon storage in an agricultural paddy field. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Evaluation of soil C sequestration in paddy field was average $3.88Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK+rice straw compost treatment, average $3.22Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK+hairy vetch treatment, and average $1.97Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK treatment; and 2) Net ecosystem production (NEP) during the paddy growing season was average $14.01Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK+hairy vetch treatment, average $12.60Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK+rice straw compost treatment, and average $11.31Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ following NPK treatment. Therefore, it is proposed that organic matter treatment can lead to an increase in soil organic carbon accumulation and carbon sock of crop ecosystem in fields compared to chemical fertilizers.