• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress level, coping behaviors and health problems of elementary school children and to compare the level of these three variables according to size of city of residence and to identify the relationship among the three variables. Method: Data were collected by questionnaire from 465 5th and 6th grade elementary school children living in Daegu and North Kyungsang Province. Data were collected between December 1 and 20, 2003 and analyzed using the SPSS program with means, standard deviation, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The stress level was significantly higher in children who lived in the big city. The coping behavior score was not significantly different according to size of city, nor was there a difference in the health problems according to size of city. There was a positive correlation among stress level, coping behaviors and health problems. Conclusion: In general, the stress level was significantly different but coping behavior scores and health problem scores were not significantly different according to size of city. Also the elementary school children used more passive coping behavior than active coping behavior. Therefore, strategies to develop active coping behaviors for these children are needed.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.251-263
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the stressors and coping patterns of dental hygiene students in a bid to boost the efficiency of guidance and counseling. Subjects and Method : The subjects in this study were 359 dental hygiene students from some colleges. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 program. Statistical data on frequency and percentage were obtained, and ANOVA and t-test were utilized. Findings : 1. The dental hygiene students investigated suffered the most stress with excessive workload, and anxiety about the national examination was the greatest stressor. Among the areas of stressors, school life put the most pressure on them(3.25). 2. The most dominant way for the dental hygiene students to handle stress was talking with friends(4.32). Out of the areas of stress-coping patterns, mental coping was most prevalent(2.94), and the least common stress-coping area was physical coping(2.23). 3. As for the relationship between the place where they were raised and stress-coping styles, physical coping and direct coping were more widespread among the students who were brought up in large urban communities than the others. Conclusion : As the dental hygiene students were different in stress-coping styles according to the place where they were grown, educators who nurture dental hygienists should offer customized education and counseling in consideration of where students were brought up.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze factors influencing old people's stress and coping with it. The subjects of this study were 1186 people who lived in 6 cities. The data were collected from September, 2003 to March, 2003. The result of this study can be summarized as follow. 1. 14.3% of the respondents was in good health, while 30.6% of them was not in good health. 11.0% of them had good eyesight and 22.2% had a good sense of hearing. 12.0% of them had good teeth. 2. The level of coping with stress was 59.9 points on the basis 100 points. The level of coping with it actively was highest, while the level of coping with it passively was lowest. 3. Factors which influenced old people's stress were job health condition, leisure activity, smoking, hearing ability, and regular exercise. 4. Factors which affected coping with stress were gender, having meals regularly, smoking, job, vigor, preference of foods, and average pocket money per month. As shown in the above results, the level of old people's stress factors and coping with it were significantly low in the groups of low education level, having less pocket money, living alone, being in bad health, having weak eyesight, having bad sense of hearing, having bad teeth, low satisfaction level with leisure, and having no health behavior. Therefore, the method of decreasing stress factors and coping with it should be developed. The government and related organizations must make great efforts to improve old people's quality of life and increase healthy life expectancy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.524-534
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out the correlations between the stress that middle-aged women experience and their coping methods and to present intervening variables to promote active coping methods. The subjects of this study are 400 middle-aged women from 35 to 59 years old living in S area and the results are as follows. The relationship between middle-aged women's stress, self-defense mechanism, and stress-coping method shows as follows: the role stress is positively correlated with immature defense mechanism, self-restraint defense mechanism and conflict-avoiding defense mechanism. Among stress-coping methods, the problem-centered coping method was found to be negatively correlated with role stress and daily stress. the immature defense mechanism shows negative correlations with the problem-centered coping, but shows positive correlations with the emotion-centered coping and the wishful thinking. Among the self-defense mechanism types not effective in the social-support coping method.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2012

Purpose: The goal of this study was to analyze the degree of stress and methods of coping with stress in mothers of cerebral palsied children and to provide a basic resource for the development of policies to improve the mental health of mothers with cerebral palsied children. Methods: 85 mothers with cerebral palsied children and 77 mothers of normal children completed a self-administered questionnaire that evaluated the degree of stress and methods of coping with stress. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ score was used to determine the internal consistency of the acquired data and the discriminated validity was estimated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Independent t-tests were conducted to compare the degree of stress and method of coping with stress between mothers of cerebral palsied children and mothers of normal children and one-way ANOVA was performed to analyze the effect of generalized characteristics on stress in mothers of cerebral palsied children. Results: The degree of stress in terms of anxiety response and roles as mother for mothers with cerebral palsied children was higher than mothers with normal children. However, there was no significant difference between two group in regards to the methods of coping with stress during a stressful episode. The degree of stress for mothers with cerebral palsied children was greater when the child was younger. Conclusion: Mothers of cerebral palsied children had higher stress than that of mothers with normal children and felt more stress when their child was younger. Therefore, these results suggest that health-based policies should be developed to improve the mental health of mothers with cerebral palsied children.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.606-616
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compares differences between male and female nursing students in terms of the level of stress experienced during clinical practice settings, stress coping mechanisms and clinical competency. Method: The study population was nursing students who had taken a clinical practice course at one of five general hospitals in city D. Data were collected from September 15 to October 15, 2013 through a structured self-administered questionnaire survey given to 319 subjects (156 male students, 163 female students) enrolled in a statistical analysis course. Results: Male nursing students experienced lower stress levels during clinical practice and higher clinical competency than female students. In terms of stress coping mechanisms, male students were significantly more active than female students in deploying coping strategies. Among all students, students with higher clinical practice stress and concomitant stress coping scores exhibited higher clinical competency. Conclusion: Noticeable differences between male and female nursing students in terms of stress levels arising in the course of clinical practice, stress coping strategies, and clinical competency were revealed. However, further identification of specific stressful situations for male and female nursing students and subsequent management of clinical training circumstances are required.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a cognitive behavioral stress management program on perceived stress, coping strategies, and cortisol in people with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Method: Patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from of a public health center in an urban area. Thirty-five participants (experimental group=17, and control group=18) enrolled. The experimental group received small group-based cognitive behavioral stress management training for eighty minutes per session, once a week for eight weeks. Data were collected at baseline and ninth week for perceived stress, affect-oriented coping, problem-oriented coping, and cortisol. The data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0. Results: The experimental group had significantly less perceived stress (t=-9.82, P<.001) and cortisol (t=-2.14, p=.040) than the control group. No significant group differences were found in affect-oriented coping (t=-.43, p=.673) or problem-oriented coping (t=1.40, P<.170). Conclusion: These results suggest that a cognitive behavioral stress management program can have positive effects on perceived stress and cortisol in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Further research with a larger sample and for a longer period is needed to expand our understanding of the effects of the program for patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.353-360
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and coping style in college students. Participants were 314 students in a college. Data were collected using a self administered questionnaire. The survey was conducted from May 02, 2018 to May 28, 2018. There were statistically significant correlations between personality stress, family environmental stress, academic stress, school environment stress and emotion - centered coping style among sub - variables of job stress, Job anxiety stress was significantly correlated with social support seeking and emotion - centered coping style. Since college students' emotional stress coping style is related to depressive emotional and physical health problems, it is necessary to provide a psychological treatment program for early detection and coping with psychological support services, and a mixed service such as education, lecture, and camp. In addition, it is thought that strategic action skill training (plan, method, and technology) is needed to change from emotion - centered coping style to problem - solving style.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1183-1189
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• 2005

Objectives : This descriptive study was conducted to examine the degree of stress, coping styles, communication with the mother and depression between headache-suffering children and headache-free children and to explore predicted factors for headache occurrence in children. Method : The subjects of this study consisted of 196 headache-free children and 107 headache-suffering children. They were 4th-6th graders of an elementary school in T city. The instruments in this study were David's stressor of children, Lazarus & Folkman's Stress Coping Style, PACI(Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory) by Barnes & Olsen and Kovac's CDI (Children's depression inventory). Data were collected from May 2 to July 16, 2004. Results : Total stress(t=-3.76, p=.035), school stress(t=-3.02, p=.001), mass media stress(t=-1.39, p=.029) and depression(t=7.62, p=.001) in headache-suffering children were significantly higher than those of headache-free children. Problem-oriented coping skills (t=1.23, p=.023), and the score of communication with the mother(t=2.32, p=.012) in headache-suffering children were lower than those of headache-free children. Logistic regression analysis (stepwise) showed that the most powerful predictor was stressors in school, followed by depression, stressors in mass media and communication with the mother. Conclusions: This study revealed that important factors such as the degree of school stress, depression, the degree of mass media stress, communication with the mother and problem-oriented coping skills should be controlled for reducing of headaches in children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.437-446
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify the level of stress, coping, and depression among hemopoietic stem cell transplantation patients who received care in an outpatient center. Method: Data were collected from 81 patients who underwent hemopoietic stem cell transplantation at C University S Hospital between August 2005 and February 2006. Results: Stress and depression were significantly higher following hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in women, and in patients who were worse off financially or who were in bad health. The highest item of stress was 'economic burden for treatment'. There were significantly higher levels of emotion-focused coping among patients who had a spouse and who received motivation from the doctor. The highest item for problem-focused coping was 'try to look at the bright side of life'. The highest items for emotion-focused coping were to 'have faith that treatment will be finished quickly' and 'believe that your situation will improve'. Stress was significantly correlated with depression among these patients. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop nursing interventions to enhance positive coping and to decrease stress and depression among patients who have a hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.