• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 2002

Objectives: In traditional medicine, Wolgukwhan has been used for the treatment of digestive system disease, such as indigestion, brash, ructation, nausea and vomiting. This study was purposed to investigate the effects of Wolgukwhan methnol extract (WGWM) on oxidative liver cell injury. Methods: In vivo assay, we administerated acetaminophen(500mg/kg, i.p.) to starved mice 24hrs after pretreatment of WGWM for 6days. In the liver homogenates, lipid peroxide and glutathione(GSH) levels were measured. In addition, activities of hepatic enzyme, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase(GPX), glutathione S-transferase(GST) were measured in the hepatic mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Results: In vivo administeration of WGWM showed effective inhibition of acetaminophen induced lipid peroxidation and elevations of glutathione level. The acetaminophen treatment resulted in a decrease of catalase, GPX and GST activities. By contrast, WGWM pretreatment increased compare to those of untreated groups. Conclusions: These results suggested that WGWM might protect against lipid peroxidation by free radicals, destruction of hepatic cell membranes.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.558-560
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• 2005

The carbon film was deposited by the electrolysis of methanol solution. Carbon films have been grown on silicon substrates using the method of chemical process. From investigations of the Raman spectroscopy and the FTIR spectroscopy, the carbon film deposited by the electrolysis was identified the hydrogenated carbon film with the porous structure. The carbon film deposited by elctrolysis of methanol was identified as the hydrogenated carbon film with porous structure. Deposition parameters for the growth of the carbon films were current density, methanol liquid temperature. We electrical resistance and surface morphology of carbon films formed various conditions specified by deposition parameters. It was clarified that the high electrical resistance carbon films with smooth surface morphology are grown when a distance between the electrodes is relatively wider. We found that the electrical resistance in the films independent of both current density and methanol liquid temperature. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistance in the low resistance carbon films is different from one obtained in graphite..

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 1998

This study was performed to provide fundamental data on the optimum manufacture condition of oleoresin using citron peel. Oleoresin was extracted from freeze-dried or hot air dried citron peels using various solvents (hexane, ether, dichloromethane, acetone. and methanol), mixing ratio, extraction temperature, and time. As a result, optimum extraction conditions of oleoresin were: solvent mixing ratio 1:10 (w/v), extraction time 2 hours, and extraction temperature $60^{\circ}C$ when used methanol, and their dichloromethane 1:10 (w/v), 4 hours and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. At optimum extraction conditions, the yield of oleoresin was shown that 35.79% at hot air drying samples, 32.04% at freeze-dried ones when extracted by methanol, but shown 5.86% and 6.16% when used dichloromethane respectively. The number of volatile components present in citron oleoresin were confirmed as thirty two in methnol extracion method and twenty nine in dichloromethane extraction method by GC and GC/MS, respectively. But, in the kinds and amounts of volatile flavor components, relatively greater numbers of volatiles were identified in freeze-dried sample extracted by dichloromethane compared with other methods. In freeze-dried sample extracted by dichloromethane, volatile components of citron oleoresin predominantly occupied by limonene and ${\gamma}-terpinene$ with about 85%. Other important compounds were shown hydrocarbons. such as ${\alpha}-pinene$, myrcene, terpinolene, ${\beta}-farnesene\;and,\;{\delta}-elemene$, and linalool as alcohols.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2003

Objectives : Wolguk-whan has been used as a prescription of natural drug for the treatment of stress digestive system disease. Recently, we reported that Wolguk-whan methnol extract (WGWM) exerted a significant protective effect against oxidative damage to the liver of ICR mice. This study was purposed to investigate the effects of Wolguk-whan water extract (WGWW) on liver injury induced by oxidative stress. Methods : In order to investigate the effects of WGWW on acute liver injury, ICR mice were pretreated with WGWW for 6days, starved for 24hrs, and administerated acetamirtophen(500mg/kg, i.p.). In the liver homogenates, lipid peroxide and glutathione(GSH) levels were measured. In addition, activities of hepatic enzyme, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase(GST) were measured in the hepatic mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Results : In vivo administeration of WGWW showed effective inhibition of acetaminophen induced lipid peroxidation, and showed elevations of GSH level, catalase, GSH-Px, GST activities. Conclusions : These results suggested that WGWW might suppress the formation of oxidative metabolites, and prevent acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2002

The nitrite scavenging effect of three kinds of edible wild plants belong to Umbelliferaeceae family was investigated. The contents of crude protein, crude lipid and $\beta$-carotene of the plants were in the range of 22.99∼31.00%, 3.51∼5.08% and 5.40∼19.81 mg%, respectively. The content of ascorbic acid was very low and selenium was not detected in any samples. The contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid were 66.46∼77.44%. The content of total phenol was 875.77 mg% in Ledebouriella seseloides WOLFF, which was the highest among the samples. The methanol fraction of the plant extract showed higher nitrite scavenging effect than the water fraction. The nitrite scavenging effects of the samples were the highest at pH 1.2 and lowest at pH 6.0, suggesting that it's pH dependent. Nitrite scavenging effect of methnol-soluble fractions obtained from Ledebouriella seseloides WOLFF was 95.3% at pH 1.2, which was the greatest among tested samples. There was a high correlation between the nitrite scavenging effect and the total phenol content.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.435-443
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• 1989

The regulation of the synthesis of alcohol-oxidase(E. C. 1. 1. 3. 13) was investigated in the methanol-utilizing yeasts during growth on different carbon sources. For this experiment, Pichia pastoris CBS 2612 and Pichia pastoris CBM 10 were cultured in mineral salt medium by changing its carbon sources. The production of alcohol-oxidase was varied by the carbon sources. For example, alcohol-oxidase was undetectable in all strains submitted to the test in the medium with glucose, but its production was rapidely increased when the carbon source was changed from glucose to methanol after 48hrs of incubation. Moreover, this enzyme was not synthesized during growth on the primary aliphatic alcohols alone(ethanol, propanol, butanol or pentanol) or on the mixed substrates(0.5% methanol+0.5% primary aliphatic alcohols). When cells were grown on the various carbon sources(glucose, xylose, lactose, glycerol, galactose, saccharose, sorbose, lactic acid or acetic acid), The alcohol-oxidase activity was detected a very little amounts. These carbon sources together with methnol yieled far better synthesis of alcohol-oxidase than in case of carbon sources alone. Especially, the alcohol-oxidase activity of the cells grown on sorbose, lactose or lactic acid together with methanol was far better or similar than that of cells grown on methanol alone. The apparent Km values for the methanol of Pichia pastoris CBS 2612 and Pichia pastoris CBM 10 enzymes were 1.92 and 210 mM, respectively. It is also active towards alcohols of shorter alkyl-chain length than $C_7$, insaturated alcohols(allylalcohol, crotyl-alcohol) and secondary alcohols (iso-amylacohol, iso-butylalcohol). The affinity of alcohol-oxidase for this alcohols decreased with the increasing length of the alkyl-chain.