• Title/Summary/Keyword: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

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In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of a New Isolate Streptomyces sp. BCNU 1030 (신규 분리균주 Streptomyces sp. BCNU 1030의 in vitro 항균활성)

  • Bang, Ji-Hun;Choi, Hye-Jung;Ahn, Cheol-Soo;Kim, Dong-Wan;Jeong, Yong-Kee;Joo, Woo-Hong
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.589-595
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    • 2011
  • This work focused on screening and characterizing antibiotic-producing actinomycetes to develop new antibiotics that can overcome the growing resistance of disease-causing microbes. One-hundred actinomycetes strains were isolated from soil samples from Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea using various kinds of actinomycetes isolation media, including a starch casein agar medium and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Among them, strain BCNU 1030 was determined to show strong antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Biochemical, physiological, and 16S rRNA sequence analyses indicated that strain BCNU 1030 belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Strain BCNU 1030 exhibited antibiotic activity against a wide range of bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BCNU 1030 dichloromethane extract was determined to be $0.78\;{\mu}g/ml$ for MRSA CCARM 3090. Therefore, Streptomyces sp. BCNU 1030 has potential for anti-MRSA drug development.

A Comparative Study of Nurses' Recognition and Practice Level of General Nosocomial Infection, MRSA and VRE Infection Control (일반 병원감염, MRSA 및 VRE 감염관리에 대한 간호사의 인지도와 수행정도 비교연구)

  • Yoo Moon-Sook;Son Youn-Jung;Ham Hyoung-Mi;Park Mi-Mi;Um Aee-Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.31-40
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' recognition of, and practice level in management of general nosocomial infections, and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) infections. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were collected on June, 2003 from 190 nurses in one university affiliated hospital located in Suwon. Result: The mean score for nurses' recognition of general nosocomial infection control was 3.57, MRSA control was 3.54, and VRE control was 3.86. The mean score on practice for control of general nosocomial infection was 3.19, for MRSA control, 3.20, and for VRE control, 3.63. There were statistically significant relationships between the recognition level and practice level for general nosocomial, MRSA, and VRE infection control. According to the general characteristics of the nurses, the mean scores for both recognition and practice were higher for those nurses who had had infection control education, for those who had worked longer in nursing, and for those who worked in the ICU. Conclusion: It is suggested that appropriate hospital infection control programs should be developed through continuous education and practice to improve nurses' level of the practice in general infection control, and especially in MRSA and VRE infection control.

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Isolation and Numerical Identification of Antibiotic-Producing streptomyces sp. for Methicillin Resistant Strphylococcus aureus (메치실린 내성 포도상구균에 유효한 항생물질을 생산하는 Streptomyces sp. YSK-681의 분리 및 수리 동정)

  • 김중배;이동희;신운섭;고춘명
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.340-346
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    • 1998
  • The strain YSK-681 has been selected for antibiotic-producing strain against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) form 1,000 strains of actinomycetes which had been isolated from soil. The strain YSK-681 has been identified on the point of morphological, cultural, physiological and chemical characteristics. Forty-one taxonomic unit characters were tested and the data were analysed numerically using the TAXON program. The isolate was classified into the major cluster 29 of Streptomyces and best-matched to Streptomyces lydicus. Therefore, it was concluded that the isolate was identified to be Streptomyces lydicus.

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Clonal Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains in Korea

  • Kim, Jung-Min;Seol, Sung-Yong;Cho, Dong-Taek
    • The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.215-224
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    • 2000
  • In this study, the distribution of the mec regulator genes and the presence of the mutation in mecI gene and mec promoter region among 50 MRSA clinical isolates derived from a single university hospital in Korea were analyzed. Among 50 MRSA strains, 13 strains had a deletion of mecI gene, and 37 strains were found to have mutations in mecI gene or mecA promoter region corresponding to a presumptive operator of mecA, i.e., the binding site of the repressor protein. Furthermore, in order to track the evolution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) distributed in Korea, we determined the MRSA clonotype by combined use of genetic organization patterns of mec regulator genes, ribotype, and coagulase type. As the result, 48 of 50 MRSA strains could be classified into four distinct clones. Clonotype I is characterized by the coagulase type 3, deletion of mecI gene, and ribotype 1 shared by NCTC10442, the first reported MRSA isolate in England (9 strains). Clonotype II is characterized by the coagulase type 4, C to T substitution at position 202 of mecI gene, and ribotypes 2, 3 and 4 shared by 85/3619 strain isolated in Austria (10 strains). Clonotype III is characterized by the coagulase type 2, mutations of mecA promoter region and/or mecI, and ribotypes 4, 5, and 6 shared by N315 strain isolated in Japan (25 strains). Clonotype IV is characterized by the coagulase type 4, deletion of mecI gene, and ribotype 7 (4 strains). The clonality of two strains could not be determined due to their undefined ribotype.

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Purification and Antibacterial Activity of Compound Derived from Marine Actinomycetes (해양 방선균 유래 물질의 정제 및 항균 활성)

  • Seong-Yun Jeong
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.205-215
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    • 2024
  • Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit and are essential for infectious diseases management. This study aimed to provide basic data for overcoming antibiotic resistance in the marine bacterium LJ-18. The API 20NE and API 50CH kits were used to identify this microorganism. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties were investigated using MacFaddin's manuals. Subsequently, isolated LJ-18 was found to belong to a genus of Streptomyces that forms mycelia. LJ-18 also grew well at 28-32℃ on modified Bennett's agar. To isolate and purify the antibacterial compound, LJ-18 culture was divided into ethyl acetate and distilled water fractions. Considerable antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was confirmed in the C18 ODS open column fractions. Peak 2 compound was obtained using reversed-phase HPLC. As a result, this compound had a significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms. In particular, it showed strong activity against MRSA, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Risk Factors of Catheter-related Bloodstream Infection Due to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Very Low Birth Weight Infants (극소저체중 출생아에서 메티실린 내성 포도상구균으로 인한 카테터 연관 혈류감염의 위험인자)

  • Cho, Il-Hyun;Jung, Tae-Woong;Lee, Ju-Young;Moon, Se-Na;Bin, Joong-Hyun;Lee, Hyun-Seung;Lee, Jung-Hyun;Kim, So-Young;Sung, In-Kyung
    • Neonatal Medicine
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.288-292
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has increased in children and in neonates, and is particularly associated with frequent use of central venous catheter in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. It is known that the morbidity and mortality of MRSA infection are low in neonates, as compared with adults. The objective of this study was to examine the difference in clinical characteristics between VLBW infants that survived and those that did not, a catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) of MRSA. Methods: Thirty-four VLBW infants had laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection with S. aureus. We examined the incidence, mortality and morbidity of CRBSI, and predictive factors associated with mortality. Results: Twenty-six infants had same pathogen (24 MRSA, 2 Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus) in the blood and in the catheter tip. Eight infants (25.8%) died in the CRBSI and they all had MRSA blood infections. Sex ratio, gestational age, duration between blood collection and identification of pathogens, and WBC and platelet count were not significantly different between patients that died from and patients that survived CRBSI of MRSA. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly higher in VLBW infants that died. Mean age of onset and hospital day was earlier (9.1${\pm}$6.6 vs. 26.9${\pm}$20.2; P=0.005) and shorter for patients that died (10.1${\pm}$7.0 vs. 73.0${\pm}$32.4; P=0.000). Two survivors had complications of pyogenic arthritis of the lower extremities and soft tissue infection, respectively. Conclusion: Mortality of CRBSI was likely to be high in VLBW infants and might be anticipated by CRP and early onset of disease.

Determination of Glucan from Mycellium and Its Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (버섯균사체 배양액에 함유된 Glucan의 정량 및 항생제 내성억제 효과)

  • Na, Seung-Young;Oh, Seo-Jin;Jeong, Seung-Il;Ju, Young-Sung;Jung, Young-Doo;Kim, Hong-Jun;Kim, Jeong-Hi
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.19 no.3 s.31
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    • pp.55-59
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    • 2006
  • Objective : This experimental study was performed to investigate the contents of glucan from mycellium and its activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus(MRSA). Methods : A gel permeation chromatography method was develped for the determination and isolation of glucan in mycellium. Their structures were elucidated using ^1H-NMR$, ^{13}C-NMR$. Also, The antibacterial activity of the glucan against MRSA was estimathed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC). Results : The contents of glucan in mycellium was $766{\pm}0.19$ mg/g. Glucan exhibited activity against MRSA, with an MIC values of 4 to 9 mg/mL. Conclusions : These findings suggested that glucan might be useful in controlling MRSA infections.

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Study on the Contamination of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) in a High School Environment (일개 고등학교 환경에서 메치실린 내성 포도알균의 오염도 조사)

  • Hong, Seung Bok;Baek, Yun Hee
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.420-426
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    • 2017
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) can be colonized in various body sites and is more frequently isolated in healthcare associated persons. This study aimed to evaluate the contamination rate of MRS in a high school environment, those living with closed life style. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from only the hands of 2 students among a sample of 28 students, and S. aureus were susceptible to methicillin antibiotics. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) were isolated from the hands of 26 students (26/28, 92.9%), and among them, 14 (53.8%) isolates were methicillin-resistant CoNS (MRCoNS). Among the 14 MRCoNS, S. warneri was the most common (8/14, 57%) and susceptible to most $non-{\beta}-lactam$ antibiotics, such as clindamycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and vancomycin. In a culture of 31 desks, S. aureus was not isolated but CoNS were isolated from 26 desks (26/31, 83.6%), which did not harbor the mecA gene. The other bacteria isolated from the hands and desks were Micrococcus and Bacillus spp. In conclusion, methicillin-resistant S. aureus was not isolated from the hands and desks of high school students. However, the frequency of MRCoNS harboring mecA gene were high in the hands of high school students. Therefore, to prevent and to control the transfer of infection, intensifying preventive education, such as hand washing, and active surveillance systems, such as an investigation of contamination or carrier rate of resistant bacteria are necessary.