• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2010

We studied on performance improvement of TTM(TI21 Test Meter) that is test and diagnosis devices for jointless audio frequency track circuit on Korean electric railway TI21 standard. Upgraded devices is AD-TTM(Advanced TI21 Test Meter). This can measure alternating frequency USB(Upper signal band) and LSB(Lower signal band). In the audio frequency track circuit, ${\pm}17[Hz]$ of nominal frequency are demodulated and supplied to track relay through AND gate. It is important that measurement function which is error between USB and LSB. Need of AD-TTM will stand out in the electric railway system because this is simple and accurate rather than the former device.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

Since a demand for an extensive range of earthmoving equipment like a hydraulic excavator with a capacity of 85tons has been asked in construction fields, a performance of its track drive unit has to be verified experimentally. Among the verification of the performances, a torque measurement is at issue, in which a torque meter is utilized widely. However, the very large scaled torque meter is necessary when a discharged torque from the track drive unit is increased significantly. In addition, the price for experimental set-up of a torque meter is too high due to its limitation of the geometry such as long length, and a break down in operation occurs frequently. In this study, to measure a high torque up to 200,000Nm, a new technique was proposed as an alternative of conventional measurement by using a torque meter. The new technique enables to measure the high torque stably in a compact space via a torque arm and two load cells. The experimental results showed a propriety of the proposed torque measuring technique for a track drive unit with very large capacity.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

$DF_{21}$ diesel locomotive was designed to satisfy the requirement of Kunming Meter track and the 2Co self-guided radial bogie was used to suit the complex curve track. There are totally 12 locomotives was served on the track. The first two locomotives were devotion running on the track since April 2003, the wheel tread splling was occurred on the middle wheel set of the two locomotives after running nearly 150 thousands km on the track of the two locomotives at August 2004. The dynamic analysis was carried out to find the reason. The wheel set longitudinal vibration resonance phenomenon was existed on the locomotive dynamic performance, and this was caused by the too big longitudinal stiffness of the journal box bar on the middle wheel set. Wheel set longitudinal vibration resonance maybe an important reason of lead to wheel tread spalling. The corresponding mend methods were put forward from the point of view of wheel set longitudinal vibration resonance. All the wheel tread of the 12 locomotives on the middle wheel set were in good condition and not occurred the wheel tread spalling after the mend till December 2007 after 350 thousands km were finished. The mechanism of the wheel tread splling and corresponding mend method was discussed in detail in this paper.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1774-1785
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• 2011

In this paper, Rigid Reinforced Roadbed(RRR) which is expected to have highly applicability to railroad roadbed, was introduced and field tests results were analyzed. Full scale model with 5m height concerning a single track railroad roadbed was constructed. The model had four different sections, which was to assess the effect of geogrid length, spacing, and connection method on deformation characteristics of RRR. Laser displacement meter, earth pressure cell, piezometer, and strain gauge were installed in order to analyze the behavior of reinforced embankment during construction. Horizontal displacements caused by compaction at each section were 20~30% below the displacement limit that of general reinforced retaining wall, which showed that RRR was very stable structure. Maximum tensile strength of reinforcement was withing 10% of the long-term design strength.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.695-701
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose the efficient Doppler removal method using map-based partial-time common intermediate frequency removal technique. In the proposed algorithm, the 2-stage carrier removal process was used. First, the component of common intermediate frequency is removed. Next the component of Doppler was removed with averaging and approximation. For the evaluation of the proposed algorithm, The real-time software GPS L1 C/A-code receiver was implemented. When the proposed algorithms are used, 12 tracking channels with 3 track arm(early, prompt, late) is operated real-time on PC using a Intel Pentium-III 1.0GHz CPU. Also, the requirement of memory was less than 2Mbytes. The real-time software GNSS receiver using the proposed algorithms provides the navigation solution with below 10 meter rms error. Especially, in spited of using the various approximations for implementing the algorithms, the high sensitivity capability (able to track the weak signal with -159dBm) was achieved.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2008

During maintenance or construction works in or at the tracks of railways, high risks for passengers and railway staff, especially for the workers on the construction site exist. The high risks result out of the movement of rail vehicles, like trains or construction vehicles, which must be faced by using any available technical and operational technologies for securing them against the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the level of protection continuously and to identify new and innovative methods and technologies for the protection of the gang (construction worker, machines and material). Especially on construction sites at line sections with two or more parallel tracks but also with single tracks, there are still a lot of incidents and accidents mostly with seriously injured persons or fatalities. These were mainly gang members that breach the railway-loading gage. By using proper warning or protection systems, the avoidance of such accidents must be achieved. The latest developments. in gang protection systems concern on the one hand fixed barriers in the middle between the construction site and the operated track and on the other hand construction vehicles equipped with automatic warning systems. The disadvantage of such protection methods is that the gang can be warned against an approaching train but a monitoring of the gang members cannot be performed. Only one part of a potential dangerous situation will be detected. If the gang members will overhear the acoustic warning signal of the security staff and the workers will not leave the danger zone in the track, the driver of the approaching train had no chance to react to the dangerous situation. An accident is often inevitable. While the detection of acoustic warning signals by the gang members working on a construction site is very difficult, the acoustical planning of an automatic warning system has to be designed for an acoustic short range level of one meter besides the construction vehicle. The decision about the use of today's technical warning system (fixed systems, automatic warning systems, etc.) must be geared to the technical feasibility and the level of safety which is needed. Criteria for decision guidance to block a track should be developed by danger estimation and economical variables. To realize the actual jurisdiction and to minimize the hazards of railway operations by the use of construction vehicles near the tracks further developments are needed. This means, that the warning systems have to be enhanced to systems for protection, which monitor the realization of the warning signal as a precondition for giving a movement authority to a train. This method can protect against accidents caused by predictable wrongdoing. The actual state of the art technique of using a collective warning combined with additional security staff is no longer acceptable. Therefore, the Institute of Transportation System of the German Aerospace Center in Braunschweig (Germany) will develop a gang warning and protection system based upon imaging methods, with optical sensors such as video in visible and invisible ranges, radar, laser, and other. The advantage of such a system based on the possibility to monitor both the gang itself and the railway-loading gauge either of the parallel track or of the same track still in use. By monitoring both situations, the system will be able to generate a warning message for the approaching train, that there are obstacles in the track, so that the train can be stopped to prevent an accident. And also the gang workers will be warned, while they breach their area.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제34권6_3호
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• pp.1445-1456
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 in-track과 cross-track에서 촬영된 KOMPSAT-3 입체영상으로 제작된 매칭 DEM의 품질 및 특성을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 동일 지역을 촬영한 두 쌍의 KOMPSAT-3영상을 수집하였다. 두 쌍의 입체영상은 B/H, convergence angle 등 스테레오 기하 요소가 거의 유사하다. DEM 제작을 위한 센서모델링은 수 개의 지상기준점를 이용한 RFM affine 보정으로 수행하였다. 연구에 사용된 지상기준점은 NGII에서 제공하는 0.25 m급 항공정사영상과 5 m급 DEM에서 추출하였다. 또한, 참조 DEM과 동일한 해상도로 매칭 DEM을 제작하여 상호간 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 실험 결과, 검사점의 수평 및 수직 오차는 1~3픽셀의 정확도를 나타냈다. 또한, 자연 또는 인공적 지형지물의 영향이 적은 지역에서는 생성된 두 DEM의 형태 및 정확도가 거의 유사하였다.

• 유공압시스템학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2010

A measurement of very high torque for track drive unit in construction equipment is usually in difficulties due to the requirement of a torque meter with high capacity, and the limitation of geometry for an experimental set-up. To improve the troublesome problem, a new device was proposed, where a torque transmitted through the torque arm can be measured by load cells attached at each torque arm. The experimental set-up of the new device was carried out in order to measure the torque values for a mechanical feedback type planetary gear box, in which the power flow circulates itself in a closed-loop. The new device enables to measure torque values of 60,000Nm. Additionally, the measured values were estimated statistically in the aspect of their repeatability and reproducibility, so that an acceptable behaviour as a measuring device can be confirmed.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2011

선로하부를 굴착한 후의 가설교량 설치공법은 이동형 가로보를 갖는 공법으로 시공시 전차선 차단 및 레일절단이 불필요하고 열차운행 횟수가 많은 복선부에서도 적용 가능한 공법이다. 본 논문에서는 공사구간이 곡선부(R400)구간으로 가설교량 공법 시공 후의 변위특성을 검토하기 위해 변위계를 설치하고 열차 통과 시의 윤중 횡압을 계측하여 곡선부(R400)의 주행안전성 검토를 평가하였다. 측정결과 가설교량을 통과시 열차종별 윤중과 횡압의 최대값은 각각 국외 궤도성능평가 기준의 51%, 81% 수준으로 분석되어 윤중, 횡압 발생에 따른 궤도 안전성 측면에서는 큰 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 주행안전성의 평가기준이 되는 최대 탈선계수와 최대 윤중감소율은 열차종별에 관계없이 허용한계치의 49% 수준으로 그 기준치에는 못 미치는 것으로 나타나 열차 통과시의 주행안전성 확보에는 큰 문제가 없는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1284-1291
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• 2002

Combustion instabilities are an important concern associated with lean premixed combustion. Laboratory-scale dump combustor was used to understand the underlying mechanisms causing combustion instabilities. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and sound level meter was used to track the pressure fluctuations inside the combustor. Instability maps and phase-resolved OH chemiluminescence images were obtained at several conditions to investigate the mechanism of combustion instability and relations between pressure wave and heat release rate. It showed that combustion instability was susceptible to occur at higher value of equivalence ratio (>0.6) as the mean velocity was decreased. Instabilities exhibited a longitudinal mode with a dominant frequency of ∼341.8 Hz, which corresponded to a quarter wave mode of combustor. Heat release and pressure waves were in-phase when instabilities occurred. Rayleigh index distribution gave a hint about the location where the strong coherence of pressure and heat release existed. These results also give an insight to the control scheme of combustion instabilities. Emission test revealed that NOx emissions were affected by not only equivalence ratio but also combustion instability.