• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.263-278
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• 1994

This paper proposes a way of decoding and translating some metaphorical use in a SL(Source Language). The process of metaphorical usage should be different from that of idiomatic expressions,which can be treated as a flat structure or chunks(cf.Lee(1985)[5],Yoon & Kim(1993)[7].The representation of metaphorical usage is approached with'M'in a separate dictionary with the extened meaning of property.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.215-229
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• 2016

This study aims to identify Archimedes' idea used while proving proposition 23 in 'Quadrature of the Parabola' and to provide an alternative way for finding the sum of geometric series without applying the concept of limit by extending the idea though metaphor. This metaphorical model is characterized as static and thus can be complimentary to the dynamic aspect of limit concept adopted in Korean high school mathematics textbooks. In addition, middle school students can understand $0.999{\cdots}=1$ with this model in a structural way differently from the operative one suggested in Korean middle school mathematics textbooks. In this respect, I argue that the metaphorical model can be an useful educational tool for Korean secondary students to overcome epistemological obstacles inherent in the concepts of infinity and limit by making it possible to transfer from geometrical context to algebraic context.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.871-887
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• 2011

In Lacanian terms, the real, which is a non-representative Ding an sich, is indirectly approachable only in and through language. This 'speaking of the real' is made possible through a restoration of the missing link between one signifier, S1 and another signifier, S₂, as is manifested in the Lacanian formula of metaphor. In Freudian terms of textual metaphor, the missing link is restored by substituting a new edition for an old edition of one's historical text of life. This is what this essay means by the metaphorical/dualistic structure of the analytic/literary text. And this is a way of talking about an intertextuality between literature and psychoanalysis in the sense of the 'text as psyche' and the 'psyche as text.' Applying the 'signifying substitution' to the Oedipus complex, the Oedipal child can find a meaning(s), "my erotic indulgement with my Mom is wrong" by metaphorically substituting S₂: the Name of the Father for S1: the Desire of the Mother. This meaning leads to the constitution of the human subject and the formation of the incest taboo, one of the most significant distinctive features of the human being as distinguished from the animals. We can see a similar metaphorical structure of S1-S2 taking place in the literary texts such as Macbeth and "Dover Beach": in the course of the stage of life being substituted for the primal scene in the former, and the plain of Tucydides for a bed scene in the latter, respectively.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2009

Traditional nutrition education has not been shown to consistently produce behavior change. While it has been suggested that using emotion-based messages may be a better way to influence nutrition behavior change, this has not been well tested. Producing emotion-based messages is a multi-step process that begins with exploring subconscious barriers to behavior change rather than the more obvious and typically reported barriers. The purpose of this research was to uncover the emotional reasons, sometimes referred to as emotional pulse points, for mothers' choosing or not choosing to have more family meals. This would then serve as the first step to developing emotion-based messages promoting the benefits of family meals. Five focus group interviews were conducted with 51 low-income Black (n=28) and white (n=23) mothers. Metaphorical techniques were used to determine underlying feelings toward family and family meals. Discussions were video-taped, transcribed, and manually analyzed using a content-driven, immersion/crystallization approach to qualitative data analysis. Four themes emerged around the definition of family: acceptance, sharing, chaos, and protective/loyal. Some mothers felt mealtime was merely obligatory, and described it as stressful. Some reported a preference for attending to their own needs instead of sitting down with their children, while others felt that mealtime should be used to interact with and educate children and felt guilty when they were not able to provide family meals. Three themes emerged around feelings towards having or not having family meals: unimportant, important, and guilty. When explored further, mothers indicated that using the feeling of guilt to encourage family meals might be effective. Data obtained are being used to develop innovative, emotion-based messages that will be tested for effectiveness in promoting family meals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2017

Centered on Kathleen Kye, a designer who conveyed messages on social issues through her dresses, and established her own identity, this study aimed to examine what theme, method of expression and inner meaning her 'statement' had, as a way of expressing a critical awareness. After reviewing discussions by Duggan G. G. as well as dictionary definitions, statement fashion design can be defined as a work or fashion shows containing a message of a designer who is free from a particular trend or consumerism in various social issues. Statement fashion designers give opposing messages on social issues through their fashion collections. As a result, research shows that contemporary statement fashion designers are expressing themes of a fashion systems, fetishism, body image, collision, environment, as well as the socially disadvantaged by appropriation, reuse, slogan, metaphorical pattern and performance. Satire, awakening, challenge and support can be derived from the inner meaning of contemporary statement fashion design. In terms of the theme, method of expression and inner meaning, this study showed that KYE collection of the designer Kathleen Kye expresses critical awareness on the modern society. Research findings reveal that KYE collection include the following themes: long-term youth unemployment, conflict collision in war or on the Internet, fetishism by youth in a get-rich-quick fever, environmental issue causing destruction of an ecosystem by decrease in bee population, school violence and the socially disadvantaged related to alienated immigrants. Also, as a method of expression themes, such as metaphorical patterns, were used. The patterns used images including a skeleton, gun, heart, rope, plaster, homeless box, bee, honeycomb, chain and a slot machine. On the other hand, the inner meaning of statement in KYE collection showed satire on social issues, awakening on social issues unrecognized by the masses, and support for the socially disadvantaged.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.125-143
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• 2013

This study aims to clarify the identity of contemporary Chinese fashion design by examining how the characteristics of Chinese tradition are accepted and presented in fashion under the influences of western cultures. This study performed a literature survey on related works. Also this study performed demonstrative analysis of Chinese daily newspapers (People's Daily and Xinmin Evening News, 2007-2010) and fashion collections by Chinese and Chinese descent designers(2007-2011). The results are as follows: First, China is trying to express Chinese traditional ideas and factors in the design areas, and also trying to achieve an universal generalization. Second, the Chinese designers emphasized traditional ideas and culture in their designs. The Chinese descent designers were affected more by western culture. The common aesthetic consciousness were the beauties of sophisticated and splendorous decoration, vastness and elegance. Also the compromised images, neutral images and antique images were common in both groups. Third, the Chinese designers presented fashion designs on formalized and imitation stage. Also they tried to make a metaphorical stage. The Chinese descent designers showed designs on a metaphorical stage. In conclusion, the contemporary Chinese fashion design should find the way to globalize and identity of the traditional culture code simultaneously.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.309-314
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• 2021

Disney animation can be said to be part of American culture and art. With the changes in American society and culture, we can see the changes in the personality and social status of female characters in Disney animation. Especially in the Disney animation works published after 2000, many works showing equality in the social abilities and status of women and men have been published. In this study, the characteristics of female characters of the 20th century and the 21st century is compared and analyzed the characters of Elsa and Anna, who expressed the female image in a metaphorical way of 'Frozen 2'. And studied the characteristics and meanings of clothing and colorful shapes. This paper reveals the design elements needed to construct a gender-equality image of female characters, and hopes that it will become a useful research material for the animation industry and academia in the future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.278-286
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• 2007

Postmodernism, the theory and philosophy that swayed the world in the late 20th century, can be interpreted in various ways as a critical reaction against modernism as well as, in one way, the logical extension of modernism itself. Thus, an extensive understanding of the social and temporal background of the birth of postmodernism and a macroscopic and correlative approach toward the related artistic circles, especially art, were carried out before a formative discussion on the furniture design of postmodernism. Postmodemism in the field of furniture design shares the history of birth and spirit with Memphis, the progressive design group established by Ettore Sottsass in Milan, 1980. This study identifies the formative features of pestrnodernistic furniture design around those works that express the trend of postmodernism, in particular, chairs, as well as the designers who participated in the first Memphis exhibition at the Milan Furniture Fair. By identifying such features, the correlation between postmodemism and those features expressed in the works of postmodernism paintings were examined. The works of Anselm Kiefer, a German nee-expressionist who became famous through the Venice Biennale 1980, and five young Italian trans-avant garde authors were selected as the scope of this case study. The characteristics of postmodernism in modern art were analyzed in terms of themes, shape, and content and were derived as follows; Firstly, borrowed and past-oriented themes, secondly, deconstructive, atypical, plural, emotional, and intuitional shapes, and thirdly, basic, metaphorical, and abstract content, The formative characteristics of chair design in postmodemism furniture design are as follows; Firstly, deconstructive, symbolic, and abstract shapes, past-oriented, reactionary, and primitive colors and closing, as well as the characteristic of delivering commercial and metaphorical messages. The subjects and motives of art have been succeeded by the characteristics of color and closing in furniture, the shape and techniques of fine arts by the characteristics of furniture shape, and the content of art by that of furniture. They share key words and characteristics.

• Language and Information
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.163-182
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• 2004

Since metaphor was proposed to be a matter of thought instead of language over two decades ago, the research in this area has made most of its progress by the cognitivists. For the cognitivists represented by Lakoff, metaphor is not a mere poetic or rhetoric device, but is central to our everyday language. Furthermore, according to them, we categorize the world and break it into concepts mainly through metaphors, and truth conditions simply cannot account for metaphor. However, this cognitivists' view has been severely counterattacked by the truth-conditional semanticists. Their main criticism is that the cognitivists do not provide a way to go from our internal representations to the outside world. It is also criticized that the cognitive theory of metaphor as cross-conceptual domain mappings is too broad and general, and that they do not explain why a particular metaphorical expression should be subsumed under one mapping rather than another mapping, i.e., their schemes and structural relations are not predictive. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to propose a model for metaphor interpretation that combines the virtues of the two opposite views of metaphor. Truth-conditional semantics cannot ignore cognitive aspects of language, so-called states of affairs or mental representations, while cognitive theories cannot neglect vigorous representation of meaning with objective reality. This paper will try to present a preliminary outline of this combining model.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.173-192
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• 2002

This study is intended to observe the meaning, aesthetic formative characteristics of the human body which is introduced and applied to the fashion design. The analysis of the modern fashion design describing the human body refers to the extracted fashion design which expresses the human body appearing in domestic & foreign fashion magazines as well as publications associated with it and published since 1990. The analysis of the way of expression, the image and the design elements in these fashion design works, has had to formative characteristics in each of the three parts. The pursuit of formative characteristics through simplifying the expression of the human body, uprising of anatomical expression, and metaphorical expression with the help of personification and objectification can be thought of as characteristics of expressing pattern. And the op-art, optical illusion by virtue of pointillism, the use of non-woven molding, and action painting technique can be described as expression tools to recognize the human body. Images are presented in the characteristics of being grotesque, humorous, erotic, futuristic and mysterious. The characteristics of designs are expressed in creative detail, trimming, pattern and accessory using the form of human body itself as an item of clothing tends to show the unity of human body and clothing. The human body in the modern era reflects the post human image as well as its meaning as a medium and tool. It is also perceived as a specific object to be self-conscious of in this reality with the loss of humanity, alienation and the confusion of identity. The analysis of the image and way of expression of human body in the fashion design, and the meaning of human body will play an important role of identifying tole viewpoint about human body as well as prospecting what the human being will be in the future.