• Educational Technology International
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.393-431
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• 2024

This study investigates the efficacy of metacognitive strategy instruction and private speech promotion strategy instruction on the inferential and critical reading skills of middle school students, considering the role of working memory. While existing literature has established that general metacognitive strategies can enhance learning outcomes, such approaches may neglect content knowledge and inadvertently lead to a mechanistic application of strategies. Grounded in Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory, which posits that private speech plays an important role in cognitive development in subject matters, this research addresses a gap regarding the impact of private speech promotion on English reading comprehension. The study yielded several key findings. Firstly, students with higher working memory capacity demonstrated superior performance compared to their peers with lower working memory. Secondly, participants receiving strategy instruction exhibited significantly enhanced inferential and critical reading skills compared to those in a general instruction group. Notably, the private verbal facilitation strategy instruction group outperformed the metacognitive strategy instruction group in these areas. Finally, an interaction effect was observed between the types of strategy instruction and the visuospatial sketchpad's influence on critical reading skills.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of metacognitive strategy on conceptual acquisition ofvseasonal change and self-efficacy when it was applied to 6th grade elementary students. This study consists of 2 classes, 76 students in the 6th grade of elementary school, which were divided into the experimental group (38) and the control group (38). First, a pre-test was administrated to check students' levels of metacognitive self-regulation and self-efficacy prior to getting planned lessons and then an instruction program was developed based upon the metacognitive instruction model and students' conception. The control group was exposed to traditional methods mainly using the textbook and teacher's guide book. The experimental group employed a metacognitive learning strategy program and activities with metacognitive questionnaires. After the planned lessons, the students were tested with post-tests about the conception of seasonal change and self-efficacy. One month later the students were tested again with another test to determine the continuation effect. The results were as follows: First, the group that used metacognitive conceptual change instruction did better in forming and continuing to maintain the scientific seasonal change conceptions compared to the control group. Second, the high and intermediate group taught by metacognitive conceptual change instruction was higher in the level of self-regulation than the control group. However, it was not verified in the low group. Third, the group which used metacognitive conceptual change instruction showed a higher level of self-efficacy than the control group did.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.245-266
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• 2022

This study examines how teaching metacognitive strategies to students in a sixth-grade mathematics class affects their metacognitive awareness. Participants were 36 sixth-grade students in a middle school affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of Turkey in the 2020-2021 academic year. The students in the experimental group (n = 18) were taught a total of 40 mathematics lessons for eight weeks to improve their metacognitive awareness. The students in the control group (n=18) were taught mathematics in line with the regular mathematics curriculum. Using the Jr. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, participants in both groups took a pre-test at the beginning and a post-test at the end of the study. To better interpret the data obtained, various statistical tests were performed. The pre-test and post-test averages of the groups were compared using the t-test for the normally distributed data for dependent and independent groups. The pre-test results showed no significant difference between the metacognitive awareness scores of the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). The comparison of post-test averages showed that students' metacognitive awareness differed significantly in favor of the experimental group (p<0.05). According to this, it was concluded that metacognitive strategy teaching in mathematics courses positively affected students' metacognitive awareness levels.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.65-77
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• 1999

본 연구의 목적은 초인지 개념변화 수업 모형이 초등학교 6학년 학생들의 '분자'와 '분자 운동'에 대한 개념의 변화에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 학생들의 '분자'와 '분자 운동'에 대한 개념과 초인지 자기조정 수준을 알아보기 위해 수업 전에 사전 검사를 실시하고, 박종원과 심재학의 초인지 수업모형과 학생들의 개념을 바탕으로 수업 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 수업프로그램은 수업 절차와 그 절차에 따른 초인지 질문활동으로 이루어져 있다. 실험 집단은 초인지 전략 프로그램을 적용하였고 비교 집단은 국정 교과서와 지도서에 제시되어 있는 일반적 수업 방법에 의해 지도되었다. 분자 단원의 지도가 끝난 후 사후 검사를 실시하고 형성된 개념의 지속효과를 알아보기 위해 수업 6개월 후에 개념 검사를 다시 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 일반적 탐구 방법을 적용한 비교 집단 보다 초인지 전략 수업을 적용한 실험집단에서 개념의 형성 및 지속의 효과가 p< .05수준에서 유의미하게 컸으며 특히, 실험 집단이 비교 집단에 비해, 구체적 개념은 같으나 제시된 실험 상황이 교과서 내용과 다를 때에 더 높은 개념의 차이를 보였다. 또한, 초인지 수업모형은 초인지 자기조정 수준 하위의 학생들보다 상위의 학생들의 개념변화와 지속에 효과적이었다. 즉 초인지 수업 전략은 학생들의 분자개념 변화와 지속에 효과적이며 학습한 개념을 관련되는 다른 개념들과의 전체적인 구조 속에서 인식함으로써 형성된 개념을 여러 구체적 상황에 적용할 수 있게 됨을 알 수 있다. 그러나 초인지 자기조정 수준 상위의 학생들은 초인지 전략을 쉽게 학습하는데 비해 하위의 학생들은 새로운 학습 방법을 배우는데 어려움을 겪는 것으로 생각된다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2012

This study aims to propose using English reading strategies to enhance Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) for EFL learners. The study recruited college-level participants who were enrolled in a general English reading course (N=30) and administrated the surveys with a Repeated Measures Design (RMD). In the survey, an intercultural sensitivity scale and metacognitive reading strategies inventory were conducted for comparison. During the instruction, participants were asked to use the R.I.D.E.R. (i.e. Read, Image, Describe, Evaluate, and Repeat) strategy for visualization of text, which is aimed at facilitating the use of metacognitive reading strategies. In the results, participants showed a statistically significant increase both in the intercultural sensitivity level and the use of metacognitive reading strategies after the practice of R.I.D.E.R for one semester. Further analysis was appended to the results by the correlation and regression analysis, and proposed that participants benefit their development of intercultural sensitivity from the use of metacognitive reading strategies. Therefore, the study suggests that implementing metacognitive reading strategies facilitates college EFL readers to increase their cultural sensitivity, which empowers ICC through English reading (176words).

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2003

In this study, the effects of metacognitive teaching strategy on the students' scientific inquiry ability and scientific attitude were investigated. For the study, two classes of fourth grade from an elementary school in Busan were chosen. Each class was assigned to the experimental group which metacognitive teaching strategy was applied to and the comparative group that traditional teaching method was applied to. The tests of scientific inquiry ability and scientific attitude were administered before and after the instruction period. The results of this study were as follows. There were significant differences between the experimental group and comparative group in scientific inquiry ability and scientific attitude. It was concluded that metacognitive teaching strategy was more effective in the improvement of students' scientific inquiry ability and scientific attitude.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2016

현재 개발된 대부분의 코스웨어들은 학습 효과를 높이기 위한 교수 전략 부족으로 질적인 면에서 부정적인 평가를 받고 있다. 그리고 코스웨어 설계는 시간이 많이 걸리며 어려운 작업이다. 따라서 코스웨어 개발을 체계적으로 하고 학습 효과를 높이기 위한 개발 방법들이 요구된다. 본 연구는 메타인지 전략을 활용하여 코스웨어 설계 방향 및 관리를 용이하도록 하였다. 또한 교수 모형 구체화 틀을 메타인지 도구로 활용하여 설계를 쉽게하고 학습 효과를 높인 코스웨어의 질 향상도 추구하였다. 그리고 이 방법을 교육대학의 코스웨어 설계론 수강자들에게 적용하였다. 적용 후 분석 결과 메타인지 전략으로 코스웨어 설계가 쉽고, 설계 과정 중 자신의 설계 방향을 모니터링 할 수 있었다. 교수 모형 구체화 틀을 메타인지 전략으로 활용함으로 체계적인 설계를 할 수 있었고 구체적 교수 전략을 구현 할 수 있었다. 그러나 설계자들이 교수모형 구체화 틀을 만드는 데 어려움이 있었고, 교수모형 구체화 틀의 공유가 필요하였다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2010

본 연구는 초등학교 교실수업에서 로봇활용수업이 학생의 상호작용 촉진에 미치는 효과를 살펴보는 것이다. 본 연구의 결과, 로봇활용수업은 인지적 정의적 초인지적 상호작용이 고루 분포되었으며 특히 초인지적 상호작용의 비율이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 학습자의 세부 활동을 분석한 결과에 의하면, 로봇매체가 중개자가 되어 상호간의 의사소통을 활발히 촉진한 것으로 관찰되었으며, 명료화와 정교화에 관련한 초인지적 상호작용이 활발히 조성되었다. 따라서 로봇활용수업은 학생의 상호작용을 효과적으로 촉진하는 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

This study examines the impact of online collaborative English language learning to enhance learner motivation and classroom engagement in university English instruction. The role of learner motivation and classroom engagement has gained much attention under the premises of current constructivist framework of English as a foreign language education. To promote learner motivation and classroom interaction in English instruction, participants in this study engaged in integrative English learning activities through online group collaboration and peer-tutoring. They exchanged productive peer response and shared their learning experiences throughout the integrative English learning activities. Digital technology played an integral role in motivating the learning process of the participants. Data for this study were gathered through an online questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed based on the ARCS motivational model of instructional design to identify the motivational aspects of integrative English learning activities. This study reveals that participants of this study regarded online collaborative English learning activities as the positive and motivating learning experience. The online collaborative English reading instruction had positive effect on improving EFL university students' learning performance. Participants of this study also identified affective and metacognitive benefits of online collaborative EFL learning activities for learner motivation and classroom engagement. This study reveals that the social networking platform in online group collaboration played a crucial role for the participants in understanding the integration of online group collaboration as the positive and effective language learning strategy. This study may have implications in suggesting the effective instructional design for promoting learner motivation and classroom interaction in EFL education.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

본 연구는 메타인지 강화 수업 전략이 학생들의 창의적 사고력, 비판적 사고력, 메타인지 사고 활용능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 선행 연구 자료를 참고로 하여 메타인지 활성화를 위한 자기-질문지를 제작하고, 이를 활용하여 대학생용 메타인지 강화 창의적 문제 해결력 지향 수업 전략을 개발하였다. 그리고 대학교 1학년 학생을 대상으로 개발한 수업 전략을 9주간 실시하였다. 실험 집단과 통제 집단에 창의적 문제 해결력 검사지, 영역 독립 메타인지 검사지를 사용하였으며, 각 집단의 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의미한지 알아보기 위하여 공변량 분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하였다. 그 결과 실험 집단 학생들의 창의적 사고력과 비판적 사고력이 유의미하게 신장되었다(p<.05). 창의적 사고력의 하위 문항 중에서는 문제 인식, 가설 설정, 변인 통제에 해당하는 문항에서 긍정적인 효과를 보였으며, 비판적 사고력의 하위 문항 중에서는 문제 인식, 가설 설정에 해당하는 문항에서 긍정적인 효과가 나타났다. 또한, 영역 독립 메타인지의 활용 능력에 있어서도 유의미한 신장을 보였다(p<.05). 메타인지 강화 전략은 사고력 신장에 효과적이었으며, 융합적사고력 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.