• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.403-408
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• 2003

The study investigated the lipid metabolism of Tsaiya ducks under fasting and ad libitum feeding conditions. Sixty Tsaiya ducks in their growing period (8-12 wk-old) and sixty Tsaiya ducks in their laying period (26-30 wk-old, 10-14 weeks after the onset of laying) were randomly divided into ad libitum feeding and 3-day fasting groups. The activities of lipid metabolism related enzymes were determined. Experimental results indicated that fasting depressed the activities of lipogenesis related enzymes such as fatty acid synthetase and NADP-malic dehydrogenase in both periods (p<0.05). Fasting also increased the activities of liver fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation enzymes (p<0.05). However, the activities of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue, heart and ovarian follicle in both periods and the hormone-sensitive lipase of adipose tissue in the growing period were decreased by fasting (p<0.01).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 1998

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of magnesium supplement levels and periods on calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats given low protein and magnesium deficient diets for 2 weeks. Serum calcium content was significantly lower in the magnesium supplement group than in the magnesium-deficient group, but calcium excretion in urine and feces was significantly increased as magnesium level and period was increased. Increasing the dietary magnesium level and periods raised serum content and excretion of magnesium in urine k feces. Urinary excretion of phosphorus in two week group was significantly lower in the magnesium supplement group than in the magnesium-deficient group. fecal phosphorus excretion in supplement group (Mg 800mg/kg diet) was significantly higher than that of other group. (Korean J Nutrition 31(6) : 1031-1038, 1998)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the supplementary effects of ${\gamma}$-oryzanol extracted from rice bran on lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. We supplied 2 kinds of experimental diets (CO without and GO with 0.2％ ${\gamma}$-oryzanol) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks. Diet intake, body weight, organ weight, contents of serum and hepatic lipid profiles, and fecal lipid levels were measured. Though there was no significant difference in diet intake, body weight change and organ weight between experimental groups, the concentration of serum total cholesterol and hepatic total lipid, total cholesterol and HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly lower in GO group treated with 0.2％ ${\gamma}$-oryzanol of diet than CO group after supplementary period of experimental diets. And total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and bile acid levels excreted to feces were significantly higher in GO group than CO group. These results suggest that ${\gamma}$-oryzanol decrease the serum and hepatic lipid levels by lowing HMG-CoA reductase activity or increasing the contents of fecal lipid in diabetic KK mice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary crab shell powder on lipid metabolism in diet induced hyperlippidemic rats. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and fed 20% (w/w) carb shell powder supplemented diet for 4 weeks. Energy intake and weight gain were lower in experimental group than in control group. Concentrations of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index (AI) were decreased and concentration of HDL-cholesterol was increased by crab shell powder supplementation. Concentrations of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly lower in experimental group. The crab shell decreased triglyceride and cholesterol concentration in plasma and liver, and increased bile acid excretion in feces. Therefore, the crab shell powder is assumed to exhibit function of chitin or chitosan that effects on lipid metabolism and cholesterol reabsorption.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1301-1305
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• 2009

The evolution of living organisms occurs via a combination of highly complicated processes that involve modification of various features such as appearance, metabolism and sensing systems. To understand the evolution of life, it is necessary to understand how each biological feature has been optimized in response to new environmental conditions and interrelated with other features through evolution. To accomplish this, we constructed contents-based trees for a two-component system (TCS) and metabolic network to determine how the environmental communication mechanism and the intracellular metabolism have evolved, respectively. We then conducted a comparative analysis of the two trees using ARACNE to evaluate the evolutionary and functional relationship between TCS and metabolism. The results showed that such integrated analysis can give new insight into the study of bacterial evolution.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.144-150
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• 2012

${\gamma}$-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is widely distributed in plant and animal kingdom. GABA is found in tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) in animals. GABA functions as a the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS by acting through the GABA receptors. Clinical studies have revealed the relationship between an increased intake of GABA or analogues with several health benefits, including lowering of blood pressure in mildly hypertensive animals and humans. Furthermore, GABA would also has an inhibitory effect on cancer cell proliferation, stimulates cancer cell apoptosis and plays a role in alcohol-associated diseases and schizophrenia. In plants, interest in the GABA emerged mainly from experimental observations that GABA is largely and rapidly produced in large amounts in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we speculated the properties and metabolism of GABA in plant and functions in relation to the responses to environmental stresses.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chitosan on lead metabolism in SD rats. Ten male rats were divided into a experimental group and a control group. Each experimental and control rats were administered by water contaminated with 100 mg/l of lead for 4 weeks, respectively. Experimental group received diets supplemented artificially with 5% of chitosan for 4 weeks. Body weight change, food and water consumption, fecal and urinary excretion, and fecal and urinary lead excretion were measured. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, food and water consumption, and fecal and urinary excretion between the two groups. However, fecal lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were higher than the control group. Whereas urinary lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were lower than the control group. The results suggested that the oral administration of chitosan prevents the gastrointestinal lead absorption in rats.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of corn peptide(CP) on lipid metabolism. Sprague-Dawley(S.D) male rats were assigned to three dietary groups {control diet(CD), high fat diet (HFD) & high fat com peptide diet(FCD)} and fed 4 weeks to examine the effects of CP. There were no significantly different in cholesterol concentrations in the liver among the groups. However, triglyceride(TG) concentrations of the FCD & CD significantly lower than the HFD. Fecal excretion of neutral steroids & bile acids of the FCD significantly higher than the CD & HFD. Serum total cholesterol TG & LDL-cholesterol concentrations of the FCD & CD significantly lower than the HFD. These results suggest the improvement of lipid composition in serum by CP might be inhibit of lipid absorption in intestine & increment of neutral steroids & bile acids excretion in feces.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1023-1028
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• 2007

This study was designed to determine whether dietary glutinous barley (GB) affects lipid metabolism in middle-aged rats previously fed a high-fat diet. To induce obesity, 20 male 9-month-old Sprague Dawley rats were raised for 1 month on a diet containing 20%(w/w) lipid. The rats were allocated to 1 of 2 groups of 10 rats each and for the subsequent 2 months were fed an 8%(w/w) lipid diet containing well-milled rice (WMR) or GB powder. Rats fed the GB diet had significantly lower concentrations of plasma triglyceride, plasma total cholesterol, and liver cholesterol than rats fed the WMR diet. Fecal excretions of triglyceride and bile acids were significantly greater for the GB group than for the WMR group. In conclusion, dietary GB has positive effects on lipid metabolism: it decreases plasma cholesterol concentration by increasing fecal excretion of bile acids.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1982

This study was designed to observe the effects of nutritional supplementation of general Korean diet on calcium metabolism and bone growth in rats. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The bone weight and the concentration of ash and calcium in femurs tended to be increased by calcium supplementation. It seemed that supplemental calcium feeding promoted bone calcification through increasing the amount of calcium retained in the body. 2. There were no differences in calcium absorption rates, retention rates in the body, urinary excretion, and serum calcium concentration, between calcium supplemented groups and the other cereal-vegetable groups. 3. The casein, vitamin B2, or vitamin A supplementation of cereal-vegetable diets did not have any significant effects on calcium metabolism and bone growth.