• Title/Summary/Keyword: MetaHuman

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Improved Estimation of Hourly Surface Ozone Concentrations using Stacking Ensemble-based Spatial Interpolation (스태킹 앙상블 모델을 이용한 시간별 지상 오존 공간내삽 정확도 향상)

  • KIM, Ye-Jin;KANG, Eun-Jin;CHO, Dong-Jin;LEE, Si-Woo;IM, Jung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.74-99
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    • 2022
  • Surface ozone is produced by photochemical reactions of nitrogen oxides(NOx) and volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emitted from vehicles and industrial sites, adversely affecting vegetation and the human body. In South Korea, ozone is monitored in real-time at stations(i.e., point measurements), but it is difficult to monitor and analyze its continuous spatial distribution. In this study, surface ozone concentrations were interpolated to have a spatial resolution of 1.5km every hour using the stacking ensemble technique, followed by a 5-fold cross-validation. Base models for the stacking ensemble were cokriging, multi-linear regression(MLR), random forest(RF), and support vector regression(SVR), while MLR was used as the meta model, having all base model results as additional input variables. The results showed that the stacking ensemble model yielded the better performance than the individual base models, resulting in an averaged R of 0.76 and RMSE of 0.0065ppm during the study period of 2020. The surface ozone concentration distribution generated by the stacking ensemble model had a wider range with a spatial pattern similar with terrain and urbanization variables, compared to those by the base models. Not only should the proposed model be capable of producing the hourly spatial distribution of ozone, but it should also be highly applicable for calculating the daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations.

Understanding of Metaverse Platform Ecosystem: Focusing on the Theory of Double Lines and Five Elements (메타버스 플랫폼 생태계의 이해: 양선오요소(兩線五要素) 이론을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Seoyoun;Chang, Younghoon
    • Knowledge Management Research
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.15-35
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    • 2022
  • With the development of virtual and augmented reality technologies, the metaverse, a digital world that provides an immersive feeling like the real world, is overgrowing. Many IT companies such as Naver, Facebook (Meta), and NVIDIA are developing innovative technologies and launching the Metaverse platform and related products on the market. However, even though it is a new business in which many global big tech companies are aggressively investing, the results are not yet precise compared to the market expectations, and the rate of increase in the number of users is gradually slowing down. This can be attributed to the lack of consideration and understanding about how to grow the metaverse ecosystem and operate & harmonize various users/components from the time the metaverse platform was designed. In order to propose a better solution to these problems, this study adopts the yin-yang and five elements theory, which was created to understand the operation logic and logic of the human world for thousands of years. This research would like to propose a theory of double lines-five elements by defining two essential spaces of the metaverse platform, online and offline, and five essential elements constituting the metaverse platform. This study intends to provide a theoretical lens on how to design and operate a platform through the double lines and five elements theory and the concept of coexistence and polarity between the five elements.

Rapid and simultaneous determination of metabolites of organic solvents in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography using a monolithic column (Monolithic 칼럼을 이용한 뇨 중 유기용매 대사체의 신속한 HPLC 동시 분석)

  • Han, Sang Beom;Lee, Sang-Ju;Lee, Cheol-Woo;Yoon, Seo Hyun;Joung, Sun Kyung;Youm, Jeong-Rok
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.433-440
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    • 2006
  • A HPLC/UV method was developed and validated for the rapid and simultaneous determination of urinary metabolites of organic solvents, mandelic acid, hippuric acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, ortho-, meta- and para-methylhippuric acid, using a monolithic column. The mobile phase was composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide as ion-pairing reagent with a flow rate of 2.4 mL/min. The total run time was less than 2.5 min for all six analytes. Good linearities were obtained for all the metabolites with correlation coefficients above 0.9993. Intra-day precision, accuracy and inter-day precision was 0.01~7.32%, 83.9~116.3% and 0.01~7.16%, respectively. The method was validated and confirmed by quantification of the quality assurance samples of Industrial Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency.

The Diaspora Narrative and Aesthetics in Handol's Tarae (한돌 타래의 디아스포라 서사와 미학)

  • Shin, Sa-Bin
    • Journal of Popular Narrative
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.189-219
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    • 2020
  • This study is an analysis of Handol Heung-Gun Lee's Tarae, which is a coinage combining the Korean words for "playing an instrument" and "song", in terms of narrative and aesthetics. The components for analysis are the phenomena and nature of binary oppositions between nature and human beings, between alienation and interest, between division and unification, and between diaspora and people of the national community. Tarae in the period from the late 1970s to the early 1990s described the experience of pain and loss from non-resistance and disobedience in protest against social problems that emerged during the era of miliary dictatorship, such as industrialization, urbanization, reckless development, Westernization, university-oriented education, the gap between rich and poor, human alienation, and the conflicts arising from the division of the nation. After Handol overcame the lack of creative motivation with self-reflection and effort, Tarae took the form of a diaspora epic meta-narratives integrating the "sound of nature and his true nature" and "the awareness of diaspora and the spirit of the Korean people". The epics of the homeland, the national soil and the people, which began with "Teo", became more intense in terms of a sense of diaspora as they shifted their focus from an origin to a path with "Hanmoejulghi" as the turning point. Handol seeks inspiration in the source of narrative rather than in music. His Tarae focuses on "adding rhythm for lyrics". For this reason, the semiotic features of Tarae have a limitation in that its extrinsic phonology is simple even if its intrinsic meaning (i.e., emotion of sadness) is profound and subtle. In order to elicit sympathy from the audience and impress them, it is necessary to strike a balance between the implicit (semantic) part and the explicit (phonological) part. To share the emotion of sadness with more people, it is necessary to strengthen phonological elements. Sympathy for sadness and deep impression on the audience are more often induced by the mood of similar sentiments than by the stories of the same experience. The aesthetics of sadness in Tarae began with the narratives of past experience which were expressed in the contexts of loss, loneliness, and poverty that Handol had experienced since childhood. However, the aesthetics of sadness, deepened over the period of a long hiatus in Handol's career as a composer, formed the narratives of ultimate salvation, embodying even the diaspora experience of others (e.g., displaced people, overseas adoptees, ethnic Koreans in Russia, victims of Japanese military sexual slavery, etc.). This gave Tarae the potential to go beyond the limits of the ethnic group of Korea. Tarae, as a "dispersed sound", can benefit from the appeal of deep sadness at the point of contact with other forms of world music. It may form a global diaspora discourse because Tarae is oriented towards interculturalism rather than anti-multiculturalism. The future challenge and goal of Handol's Tarae would be to continue to find areas of sympathy and broaden the horizon of awareness as diaspora music.

The Effect of Postnatal Dexamethasone Treatment on Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats (신생쥐의 저산소성 허혈성 뇌손상에서 손상 후 덱사메타손의 투여 효과)

  • Park, Chang Ro;Park, Kyung Pil;Kim, Heng Mi;Sohn, Yoon Kyung
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.46 no.10
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    • pp.989-995
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    • 2003
  • Purpose : Dexamethasone is frequently administered to prevent or treat chronic lung disease in human neonates who are also prone to hypoxic-ischemic(HI) insults. Recently, meta-analysis of the follow-up studies reveals a significantly increased odd ratio for the occurrence of cerebral palsy or an abnormal neurologic outcome, and there is conflicting evidence regarding the impact of dexamethasone exposure on HI brain injury. This study was conducted to explore the effect of post-HI dexamethasone administration on neuronal injury in neonatal rats. Methods : HI was produced in seven-day-old rats by right carotid artery ligation followed by two hours of 8% oxygen exposure. At the end of HI, the animals were injected intraperitoneally either with dexamethasone(0.5 mg/kg) or saline. Neuronal injury was assessed seven days after the HI by the area of infarction, TUNEL reactivity, Bcl-2 and Bax expression in brain. Results : Post-insult dexamethasone administration resulted in reduction of weight gain and a higher mortality rate during seven days after HI. Dexamethasone treatment revealed no effect on the size of brain infarction induced by HI. Bax protein expression increased in dexamethasone treated brain but Bcl-2 protein expression and TUNEL reactivity revealed no significant differences between dexamethasone treated and non treated brain. Increased Bax protein expression suggest upregulation of the apoptosis by dexamethasone. Conclusion : The result suggests the adverse role of Post-HI administration of dexamethasone in neonatal HI.

A Study on the Importance and Priorities of the Investment Determinants of Startup Accelerators (스타트업 액셀러레이터 투자결정요인의 중요도 및 우선순위에 대한 연구)

  • Heo, Joo-yeun
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.27-42
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    • 2020
  • Startup accelerators have emerged as new investment entities that help early startups, which are not easy to survive continuously due to lack of funds, commercialization capabilities, and experiences. As their positive performance on early startups and the ecosystem has been proven, the number of early startups which want to receive their investment is also increasing. However, they are vaguely preparing to attract accelerators' investment because they do not have any information on what factors the accelerators consider important. In addition, researches on startup accelerators are also at an early level, so there are no remarkable prior studies on factors that decide on investment. Therefore, this study aims to help startups prepare for investment attraction by looking at what factors are important for accelerators to invest, and to provide meaningful implications to academia. In the preceding study, we derived five upper level categories, 26 lower level accelerators' investment determinants through the qualitative meta-synthesis method, secondary data analysis, observation on US accelerators and in-depth interviews. In this study, we want to derive important implications by deriving priorities of the accelerators' investment determinants. Therefore, we used AHP that are evaluated as the suitable methodology for deriving importance and priority. The analysis results show that accelerators value market-related factors most. This means that startups that are subject to investment by accelerators are early-stage startups, and many companies have not fully developed their products or services. Therefore, market-related factors that can be evaluated objectively seem to be more important than products (or services) that are still ambiguous. Next, it was found that the factors related to the internal workforce of startups are more important. Since accelerators want to develop their businesses together with start-ups and team members through mentoring, ease of collaboration with them is very important, which seems to be important. The overall priority analysis results of the 26 investment determinants show that 'customer needs' and 'founders and team members' understanding of customers and markets' (0.62) are important and high priority factors. The results also show that startup accelerators consider the customer-centered perspective very important. And among the factors related to startups, the most prominent factor was the founder's openness and execution ability. Therefore, it can be confirmed that accelerators consider the ease of collaboration with these startups very important.

Efficiency of Density Gradient Centrifugation Method (Ludox method) Based on eDNA for the Analysis of Harmful Algal Bloom Potential (유해남조류 발생 잠재성 분석을 위한 eDNA 기반의 퇴적물 전처리 방법: 밀도 구배 원심분리법(Ludox method))

  • Kyeong-Eun Yoo;Hye-In Ho;Hyunjin Kim;Keonhee Kim;Soon-Jin Hwang
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.36-44
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    • 2023
  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) can exist in both intracellular and extracellular forms in natural ecosystems. When targeting harmful cyanobacteria, extracellular eDNA indicates the presence of traces of cyanobacteria, while intracellular eDNA indicates the potential for cyanobacteria to occur. However, identifying the "actual" potential for harmful cyanobacteria to occur is difficult using the existing sediment eDNA analysis method, which uses silica beads and cannot distinguish between these two forms of eDNA. This study analyzes the applicability of a density gradient centrifugation method (Ludox method) that can selectively analyze intracellular eDNA in sediment to overcome the limitations of conventional sediment eDNA analysis. PCR was used to amplify the extracted eDNA based on the two different methods, and the relative amount of gene amplification was compared using electrophoresis and Image J application. While the conventional bead beating method uses sediment as it is to extract eDNA, it is unknown whether the mic gene amplified from eDNA exists in the cyanobacterial cell or only outside of the cell. However, since the Ludox method concentrates the intracellular eDNA of the sediment through filtration and density gradient, only the mic gene present in the cyanobacteria cells could be amplified. Furthermore, the bead beating method can analyze up to 1 g of sediment at a time, whereas the Ludox method can analyze 5 g to 30 g at a time. This gram of sediments makes it possible to search for even a small amount of mic gene that cannot be searched by conventional bead beating method. In this study, the Ludox method secured sufficient intracellular gene concentration and clearly distinguished intracellular and extracellular eDNA, enabling more accurate and detailed potential analysis. By using the Ludox method for environmental RNA expression and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of harmful cyanobacteria in the sediment, it will be possible to analyze the potential more realistically.