• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1178-1193
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• 2017

It is very important to understand system behaviors in collective pattern for each knowledge domain. However, there are structural limitations to represent collective behaviors because of the size of system components and the complexity of their interactions, causing the state explosion problem. Further composition with other systems is mostly impractical because of exponential growth of their size and complexity. This paper presents a practical method to model the collective behaviors, based on a new concept of domain engineering: behavior ontology. Firstly, the ontology defines each collective behavior of a system from active ontology. Secondly, the behaviors are formed in a quantifiably abstract lattice, called common regular expression. Thirdly, a lattice can be composed with other lattices based on quantifiably common elements. The method can be one of the most innovative approaches in representing system behaviors in collective pattern, as well as in minimization of system states to reduce system complexity. For implementation, a prototype tool, called PRISM, has been developed on ADOxx Meta-Modelling Platform.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the association between dietary intake of citrus fruits and prostate cancer risk. Methods : Authors searched electronic databases and the reference lists of publications of diet and prostate cancer studies until August 2007. All of the epidemiological studies that obtained individual data on dietary intake of citrus fruits and presented risk estimates of the association between intake of citrus fruits and risk of prostate cancer were identified and included. Using general variance-based methods, study-specific odds ratios (OR)/ relative risk (RR) and associated confidence interval (CI)/ standard error (SE) for highest versus lowest intake of citrus fruits level were extracted from each paper. Results : Eleven articles including six case-control studies, one nested case-control study and four cohort studies, proved eligible. Overall summary OR using random effect model did not show an association in risk of prostate caner with intake of citrus fruits (summary OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.89-1.19) with large heterogeneity across studies that we were unable to explain ($I^2$=67.88%). The summary ORs in case-control studies and cohort studies were 1.10 (95% CI=0.97-1.22) and 1.05 (95% CI=0.96-1.14), respectively. Conclusions : Pooled results from observational studies did not show an association between intake of citrus fruits and the risk of prostate cancer, although results vary substantially across studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.856-864
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• 2019

The weapon-target assignment (WTA) problem is a matter of effectively allocating weapons to a number of threats. The WTA in a rapidly changing dynamic environment of engagement must take into account both of properties of the threat and the weapon and the effect of the previous decision. We propose a method of applying the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) algorithm, a kind of meta-heuristic method, to derive optimal solution for a dynamic WTA problem. Firstly, we define a dynamic WTA problem and formulate a mathematical model for applying the algorithm. For the purpose of the assignment strategy, the objective function is defined and time-varying constraints are considered. The dynamic WTA problem is then solved by applying the GRASP algorithm. The optimal solution characteristics of the formalized dynamic WTA problem are analyzed through the simulation, and the algorithm performance is verified via the Monte-Carlo simulation.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2018

As an organization or organization grows in size, many different types of data are being generated in different systems. There is a need for a way to improve efficiency by processing data smarter in different systems. Just like DataLake, we are creating a single domain model that accurately describes the data and can represent the most important data for the entire business. In order to realize the benefits of a DataLake, it is import to know how a DataLake may be expected to work and what components architecturally may help to build a fully functional DataLake. DataLake components have a life cycle according to the data flow. And while th data flows into a DataLake from the point of acquisition, its meta-data is captured and managed along with data traceability, data lineage, and security aspects based on data sensitivity across its life cycle. According to this reason, we have designed the DataLake Framework based on Abyss Storage Cluster.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.223-233
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• 2011

A design optimization problem was formulated to minimize the volume of an RC building structure while satisfying design constraints on structural displacements under vertical, wind and seismic loads. We employed metamodel-based design optimization using design of experiments, metamodeling and optimization algorithm to circumvent the difficulty of the automation of structural analysis procedure. Especially, we proposed a design approach of repetitive design optimizations by stages with changing the side constraint values on design variables and limit values on design constraints until a satisfactory design result was obtained. Using the proposed design approach, the volume of the RC building structure has been reduced by 53.3 % compared to the initial one while satisfying all the design constraints. This design result clearly shows the validity of the proposed design approach.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.145-153
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• 2018

Recently the Korean society has suffered severe conflicts over the rate of increase in the minimum wage, while academics have failed to provide appropriate standards through reliable research. Recent foreign studies using natural experimentation or meta-regression analysis show that the increase in minimum wage has little effect on employment. Domestic studies are not yet numerous in number, and they present different conclusions on employment effects depending on the data used, sample period, and research model. To properly assess the employment effects of the minimum wage, future studies should minimize measurement errors in minimum wage dataset, and appropriately consider the endogenous change of minimum wage, economic situation and trends of employment changes. It is also necessary to utilize natural experiment methods before and after the increase of the minimum wage.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.243-250
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• 2015

Mobile learning content implementing is IT tourism convergence study that IT convergence IT and tourism. Learning to increase the effectiveness of mobile learning content for each learning module, It proposed u-smart tourist information 2.0 systems. Mobile learning content, implementation is u-smart tourist information 2.0 can use the system. Convergence/integration of design patterns and XML is so interesting to students. This is the maximum benefit which is taught classes for each learning module divided into learning the Design Pattern NCS. As a result, the learner. In particular, attendance has come out better the effect of learning and improved. Another advantage is tourism, information content information quality mobile learning content for and construct a tourist information content that you can do in real time. Also, mobile learning content, implementation in the next NCS expected to use a lot of help in learning. This study is the result of increased learning the analysis of the lessons learned. Implement mobile learning content gives fun and interesting to the learner to ten design process using the u-Smart Tourist Information class 2.0.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

In recent years, the convergence of IT and IT sightseeing tour has emerged as a fusion of academic disciplines in the future. Convergence study of social data analysis, raising the heat. Social Network Services (SNS) being utilized in many areas of marketing and to apply the case study is also increasing. This study is based u-smart tourist information systems for mobile learning content design. This is the pattern of things in the template library for things to increase the effectiveness of the learning content to mobile learning content to be converted to a. Design of mobile learning content using u-smart things smart phone app (App) and XMI to go through the design process of utilizing the heat. Future through the design process by implementing a mobile learning content to meet information quality tourist information content to create mobile learning content and learning things that can be content to live it up advantage.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.271-279
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• 2020

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of buffered and unbuffered local anesthesia solutions during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) administration in children. Methods: PubMed, Ovid SP, and Cochrane databases were searched separately by two independent reviewers for potential papers published between 1980 and April 2020 using relevant MeSH terms and pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. T Studies of IANB administration in children comparing buffered and unbuffered local anesthesia solutions were evaluated. The primary outcome evaluated was pain (perception and reaction), while the secondary outcome was the onset of anesthesia. Results: A total of five articles were included in a qualitative analysis; among them, four qualified for quantitative analysis of the primary outcome and three for quantitative analysis of the secondary outcome. A fixed-effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis. Pain perception (child-reported pain): Significantly lower pain scores were reported with buffered local anesthesia solution than with unbuffered solution (P = 0.006, MD: -0.32, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.09). Pain reaction (observer-reported pain reaction in child): No significant difference was found between buffered and unbuffered solution in terms of observer-reported pain behavior in the child (P = 0.09, MD: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.46 to 0.04). Onset of anesthesia: A significantly lower duration of anesthesia onset was reported with buffered local anesthesia solution than with unbuffered solution (P = 0.00001, MD: -12.38, 95% CI: -17.64 to -7.13]. Conclusion: Buffering local anesthesia solution may reduce discomfort due to IANB injection administration and lower the initial onset time of anesthesia. More randomized control trials with adequate sample sizes should be carried out to validate the accuracy of these results.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2008

In ubiquitous computer environment, by improving the computer's access to context information for dynamic service adaptation, we can increase richness of communication in human computer interaction and make it possible to produce more useful computational services. We need new data structure in order to flexible apply dynamic information to current context information repository and enhance the communication ability between human and computer. In this paper, we proposed to C-A-V (Category-Attribute-Value) context metadata structure required to support dynamic service adaptation for increasing communication ability in user-centric environments. We also classify the context metadata, as well as define its relationship with other context information on the basis of the application services, changes in the external environments.