Browse > Article

Citrus Fruits Intake and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Quantitative Systematic Review  

Bae, Jong-Myon (Department of Preventive Medicine, Cheju National University College of Medicine)
Lee, Eun-Ja (Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University, College of Medicine)
Guyatt, Gordon (CLARITY Research Group, Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University)
Publication Information
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health / v.41, no.3, 2008 , pp. 159-164 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives : The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the association between dietary intake of citrus fruits and prostate cancer risk. Methods : Authors searched electronic databases and the reference lists of publications of diet and prostate cancer studies until August 2007. All of the epidemiological studies that obtained individual data on dietary intake of citrus fruits and presented risk estimates of the association between intake of citrus fruits and risk of prostate cancer were identified and included. Using general variance-based methods, study-specific odds ratios (OR)/ relative risk (RR) and associated confidence interval (CI)/ standard error (SE) for highest versus lowest intake of citrus fruits level were extracted from each paper. Results : Eleven articles including six case-control studies, one nested case-control study and four cohort studies, proved eligible. Overall summary OR using random effect model did not show an association in risk of prostate caner with intake of citrus fruits (summary OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.89-1.19) with large heterogeneity across studies that we were unable to explain ($I^2$=67.88%). The summary ORs in case-control studies and cohort studies were 1.10 (95% CI=0.97-1.22) and 1.05 (95% CI=0.96-1.14), respectively. Conclusions : Pooled results from observational studies did not show an association between intake of citrus fruits and the risk of prostate cancer, although results vary substantially across studies.
Keywords
Citrus fruits; Prostate neoplasm; Meta-analysis; Cancer risk; Prevention;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 Chan JM, Gann PH, Giovannucci EL. Role of diet in prostate cancer development and progression. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23(32): 8152-8160   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Chavarro JE, Stampfer MJ, Li H, Campos H, Kurth T, Ma J. A prospective study of polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in blood and prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev2007; 16(7): 1364-1370
3 Deeks J, Altman DG, Bradburn MJ. Statistical Methods for Examining Heterogeneity and Combining Results from Several Studies in Meta-analysis. In: Egger M, Smith DG, Altman DG, editors. Systematic Reviews in Health Care. 2nd ed. London: BMJ Books; 2007. p. 285-312
4 Stata Corporation. Stata Statistical Software. Special Edition. 8.2 for Windows. Texas: Stata Corporation; 2004
5 Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men. Cancer 1989; 64(3): 598-604   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Giovannucci E, Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Intake of carotenoids and retinol in relation to risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995; 87(23): 1767-1776   DOI   PUBMED
7 Jian L, Du CJ, Lee AH, Binns CW. Do dietary lycopene and other carotenoids protect against prostate cancer? Int J Cancer 2005; 113(6): 1010-1014   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Yoon SJ, Kwon YD, Kim BY. Estimating the disability weight of major cancers in Korea using Delphi method. Korean J Prev Med 2000; 33(4): 409-414. (Korean)
9 Arab L, Steck-Scott S, Bowen P. Participation of lycopene and beta-carotene in carcinogenesis: Defenders, aggressors, or passive bystanders? Epidemiol Rev 2001; 23(2): 211-230   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Kolonel LN, Hankin JH, Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Gallagher RP, Wilkens LR, et al. Vegetables, fruits, legumes and prostate cancer: a multiethnic case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarker Prev 2000; 9(8): 795- 804
11 Jain MG, Hislop GT, Howe GR, Ghadirian P. Plant foods, antioxidants, and prostate cancer risk: Findings from case-control studies in Canada. Nutr Cancer 1999; 34(2): 173-184   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Hsing AW, Devesa SS. Trends and patterns of prostate cancer: What do they suggest? Epidemiol Rev 2001; 23(1): 3-13   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
13 Coffey DS. New insights and methodologies are needed to solve the many epidemiologic enigmas of prostate cancer. Epidemiol Rev 2001; 23(1): 1   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
14 Di Mascio P, Kaiser S, Sies H. Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher. Arch Biochem Biophys 1989; 274(2): 532-538   DOI   ScienceOn
15 The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994; 330(15): 1029-1035   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
16 Close DR, Kristal AR, Li S, Patterson RE, White E. Associations of demographic and health-related characteristics with prostate cancer screening in Washington state. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7(7): 627-630   PUBMED
17 Silalahi J. Anticancer and health protective properties of citrus fruit components. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2002; 11(1): 79-84   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
18 Pohar KS, Gong MC, Bahnson R, Miller EC, Clinton SK. Tomatoes, lycopene and prostate cancer: A clinicianUs guide for counseling those at risk for prostate cancer. World J Urol 2003; 21(1): 9-14   PUBMED
19 Mannisto S, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Albanes D, Anderson K, van den Brandt PA, et al. Dietary carotenoids and risk of lung cancer in a pooled analysis of seven cohort studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004; 13(1): 40-48   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Schuurman AG, Goldbohm RA, Dorant E, van den Brandt PA. Vegetable and fruit consumption and prostate cancer risk: A cohort study in the Netherlands. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7(8): 673-680   PUBMED
21 Kirsh VA, Peters U, Mayne ST, Subar AF, Chatterjee N, Johnson CC, et al. Prospective study of fruit and vegetable intake and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007; 99(15): 1200-1209   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Schünemann HJ, Jaeschke R, Cook DJ, Bria WF, El-Solh AA, Ernst A, et al. An official ATS statement. Grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in ATS guidelines and recommendations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174(5): 605-614   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Virtamo J, Pietinen P, Huttunen JK, Korhonen P, Malila N, Virtanen MJ, et al. Incidence of cancer and mortality following T-tocopherol and $\beta$-carotene supplementation: A postintervention follow-up. JAMA 2003; 290(4): 476-485   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
24 Cohen JH, Kristal AR, Stanford JL. Fruit and vegetable intakes and prostate cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(1): 61-68   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Chan JM, Giovannucci EL. Vegetables, fruits, associated micronutrients, and risk of prostate cancer. Epidemiol Rev 2001; 23(1): 82-86   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
26 Heinonen OP, Albanes D, Virtamo J, Taylor PR, Huttunen JK, Hartman AM, et al. Prostate cancer and supplementation with T-tocopherol and $\beta$-carotene: Incidence and mortality in a controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90(6): 440-446   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Stram DO, Hankin JH, Wilkens LR, Park S, Henderson BE, Nomura AM, et al. Prostate cancer incidence and intake of fruits, vegetables and related micronuctrients: The multiethnic cohort study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2006; 17(9): 1193-1207   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Chan JM, Stampfer MJ, Ma J, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Supplemental vitamin E intake and prostate cancer risk in a large cohort of men in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999; 8(10); 893-899   PUBMED
29 Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysis. BMJ 2003; 327(7414): 557-560   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, Olkin I, Williamson GD, Rennie D, et al. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology. A proposal for reporting. JAMA 2000; 283(15): 2008-2012   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
31 Hsing AW, McLaughlin JK, Schuman LM, Bjelke E, Gridley G, Wacholder S, et al. Diet, tobacco use, and fatal prostate cancer: Results from the Lutheran brotherhood cohort study. Cancer Res 1990; 50(21): 6836-6840   PUBMED
32 Le Marchand L, Hankin JH, Kolonel LN, Wilkens LR. Vegetable and fruit consumption in relation to prostate cancer risk in Hawaii: A reevaluation of the effect of dietary betacarotene. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 133(3): 215-219   DOI   PUBMED
33 American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Futures 2005. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2005
34 Cook NR, Stampfer MJ, Ma J, Manson JE, Sacks FM, Burning JE, et al. $\beta$-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and prostate carcinoma. Cancer 1999; 86(9): 1783-1792   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Mangels AR, Holden JM, Beecher GR, Forman MR, Lanza E. Carotenoid content of fruits and vegetables: An evaluation of analytic data. J Am Diet Assoc 1993; 93(3): 284-296   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Manthey JA, Guthrie N. Antiproliferative activities of citrus flavonoids against six human cancer cell lines. J Agric Food Chem 2002; 50(21): 5837-5843   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Felson DT. Bias in meta-analytic research. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45(8): 885-892   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
38 Fan K, Kurihara N, Abe S, Ho CT, Ghai G, Yang K. Chemopreventive effects of orange peel extract (OPE). I: OPE inhibits intestinal tumor growth in ApcMin/+ mice. J Med Food 2007; 10(1): 11-17   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Platz EA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. Risk factors for prostate cancer incidence and progression in the health professionals follow-up study. Int J Cancer 2007; 121(7): 1571-1578   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Clinton SK, Giovannucci E. Diet, nutrition, and prostate cancer. Annu Rev Nutr 1998; 18: 413-440   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Begg CB, Berlin JA. Publication bias and dissemination of clinical research. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989; 81(2): 107-115   DOI   PUBMED
42 World Health Organization. National cancer control programmes. Policies and managerial guidelines. 2nd ed. Geneva: WHO; 2002. p.17-22
43 Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002; 21(11): 1539-1558   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Gonzalez CA. Nutrition and cancer: The current epidemiological evidence. Br J Nutr 2006; 96(Supp 1): S42-S45   DOI
45 Hennekens CH, Burning JE, Manson JE, Stampfer J, Rosner B, Cook NR, et al. Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996; 334(18): 1145-1149   DOI   ScienceOn
46 The Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager, version 4.2 for Windows. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre; 2003
47 Key TJ, Silcocks PB, Davey GK, Appleby PN, Biship DT. A case-control study of diet and prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 1997; 76(5): 678- 687   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
48 Anello C, Fleiss JL. Exploratory or analytic meta-analysis: Should we distinguish between them? J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48(1): 109-116   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Choi YJ, Yoon SJ, Kim CY, Shin YS. Measuring the burden of major cancers in Korea using health life-year (HeaLY). Korean J Prev Med 2001; 34(4): 372-378. (Korean)
50 Korea Central Cancer Registry. Cancer Registry and Statistics. Goyang: National Cancer Center; 2000-2005. [cited 2008 Mar 20]. Available from: URL:http://ncc.re.kr/english/infor/regi.jsp
51 Fleiss JL, Gross AJ. Meta-analysis in epidemiology, with special reference to studies of the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer: A critique. J Clin Epidemiol 1991; 44(2): 127-139   DOI   ScienceOn
52 Bossetti C, Micelotta S, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, et al. Food groups and risk of prostate cancer in Italy. Int J Cancer 2004; 110(3): 424-428   DOI   ScienceOn
53 Kolonel LN. Nutrition and prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control 1996; 7(1): 83-94   DOI   ScienceOn
54 Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Wolk A, Ascherio A, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Calcium and fructose intake in relation to risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1998; 58(3): 442-447   PUBMED