• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2857-2861
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• 2014

More and more evidence indicates that the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene might be associated with susceptibility to breast carcinoma in humans being. However, individually published results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. A complete search strategy was done by the electronic databases including PubMed and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. A meta-analysis including seven individual studies was carried out in order to explore the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene polymorphisms and breast carcinoma. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk were assessed by the random-effects model. A significant relationship between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma was discovered in an allelic genetic model (OR: 1.214, 95%CI: 1.085-1.358, p=0.001), a homozygote model (OR: 1.663, 95%CI: 1.240-2.232, p=0.001), a heterozygote model (OR: 1.392, 95%CI: 1.190-1.629, p=0.000), a recessive genetic model (OR: 1.407, 95%CI: 1.060-1.868, p=0.018) and a dominant genetic model (OR: 1.427, 95%CI: 1.228-1.659, p=0.000). On sub-group analysis based on ethnicity, significance was observed between the European group and the mixed group. A significant relationship was found between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. Individuals with the A allele of the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene are under a higher risk for breast carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.314-320
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• 2011

In this work, optimization of two-stage shock absorption system for lunar lander has been carried out. Because of complexity of impact phenomena of shock absorption system, a 1-D constitutive model is proposed to describe the behavior of shock absorption system. Quadratic polynomial regression meta-model is constructed by using a commercial software ABAQUS with the proposed 1-D constitutive model, and sequential approximate optimization of two-stage shock absorption system has been carried out along with the constructed meta-model. Through the optimization, it is verified that landing impact force on lunar lander can be considerably reduced by changing the cell size and foil thickness of honeycomb structure in two-stage shock absorption system.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.93-103
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• 2004

This thesis aims to show the design logics and the meta-design of a public restroom "Between You and Me." This work reinterprets a public restroom regarded as the typical public space by means of spatial agency's influences, on the assumption thor spatial agency controls the properties of public space. This thesis examines our representational system against the public space, and our specific experience in it with the conceptual model of meta-design. Meta-design is a design beyond the design usually we think of. Experiential meta-design, "Between You and Me" presented as the object of this thesis, is a constructive design project which converts our negative perception of the restroom to a new one, "interface." This project, composed of the surrealistic spatial arrangement, urges us to reconsider our fixed thoughts of the restroom and try a creative experience in it. Finally this thesis shows how the space's way of existence fixes our acts and thoughts, and what enables the repetitive acts and thoughts often emerged In our relations with the public space through a meta-design.c space through a meta-design.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.167-182
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• 2015

This study created a structural model of the influence of paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy and children's emotion regulation in terms of their social competence and confirmed the nature of the relationship among the variables. For the purpose of this study, data was collected, targeting 363 children in the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ elementary school grades from schools located in Seoul. The main results of this study were as follows: First, both paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy had an influence on children's emotion regulation and emotion dysregulation. Next, paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy did not appear to have a significant influence on children's social competence in a direct manner. The complete mediation effect of emotion regulation in regards to the influence of paternal and maternal meta-emotion philosophy upon children's social competence was confirmed. It was also found that parental meta-emotion philosophy had an influence upon children's social competence in an indirect manner through children's emotion regulation in the period of middle childhood.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.36-47
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• 2020

Background: This study purposed to provide meaningful information for the accumulation of knowledge on coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke. Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: This study collected articles which the coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke. For systematic meta-analysis, 6 articles were finally selected after searching based on the PICOSD criteria. This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials were included and the risk of bias was evaluated for each study. Pooled standardized mean differences were calculated using a random effects model. To extract the effect size of each study, the R 3.5.3 software was used. Results: The meta-analysis showed that a total effects size was 1.23 indicating that coordinative locomotor training for patients with stroke had a maximum effect size. Conclusion: A meta-analysis is warranted for further research to determine the effects of coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke on muscle strength, walking and range of motion.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2000

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the role of meta-knowledge for knowledge creation and knowledge transformation in cooperative problem solving processes. For this I will discuss what the primary functions of meta-knowledge are from the knowledge representation perspective. The proposed theoretical model is useful to develop a new form of knowledge management support systems beyond the first generation of knowledge-based systems.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.313-318
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• 2000

This article addresses aspects of combining information, with special attention to meta-analysis. In specific, we consider hierarchical Bayesian models for meta-analysis under priors which are scale mixtures of normal, and thus have tail heavier than that of the normal. Numerical methods of finding Bayes estimators under these heavy tailed prior are given, and are illustrated with an actual example.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data for constructing a modeling practice program integrated with meta-modeling knowledge by analyzing the cognition level for each meta-modeling knowledge components through modeling practice in the context of the chemistry discipline content. A chemistry teacher conducted inquiry-based modeling practice including anomalous phenomena for 16 students in the second year of a science gifted school, and in order to analyze the cognition level for each of the three meta-modeling knowledge components such as model variability, model multiplicity, and modeling process, the inquiry notes recorded by the students and observation note recorded by the researcher were used for analysis. The recognition level was classified from 0 to 3 levels. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the cognition level of the modeling process was the highest and the cognition level of the multiplicity of the model was the lowest. The cause of the low recognitive level of model variability is closely related to students' perception of conceptual models as objective facts. The cause of the low cognitive level of model multiplicity has to do with the belief that there can only be one correct model for a given phenomenon. Students elaborated conceptual models using symbolic models such as chemical symbols, but lacked recognition of the importance of data interpretation affecting the entire modeling process. It is necessary to introduce preliminary activities that can explicitly guide the nature of the model, and guide the importance of data interpretation through specific examples. Training to consider and verify the acceptability of the proposed model from a different point of view than mine should be done through a modeling practice program.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.703-732
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• 2014

Meta-evaluation for national R&D programs should be established within the framework of whole R&D system linked with science and technology needs and objectives. The R&D program evaluation system can be understood as a circulation of input, implementation, output, and utilization. In the result of the Delphi survey, which consisted of twenty-four experts (performed in three rounds), twenty-four indices were developed. The meta-evaluation model included sub-items which were important points of view of it as follow (eight items): propriety of planning, sufficiency of information, and propriety of evaluators in evaluation input; appropriateness of method and appropriateness of procedure in evaluation implementation; credibility of output in evaluation output; and usefulness of report and application of evaluation utilization. As the application of the meta-evaluation model, the total mean was lower than 3.0 of the median value of 2.73 (5 point Likert scale). Finally, it was suggested that the feedback of evaluation results should be more enforced to R&D program improvement particularly (evaluation utilization 2.50).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2605-2610
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• 2012

Background: Studies investigating the association of 2R/3R polymorphism in the thymidylate synthase 5'-untranslated enhanced region (TSER) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have reported conflicting results. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to summarize the data on the potential association. Methods: Pubmed, Embase and CBM databases were searched for all available studies. Links between the TSER 2R/3R polymorphism and CRC risk were estimated by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Seven case-control studies with a total of 2723 cases and 4030 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the 3R variant of TSER 2R/3R polymorphism contributes to CRC risk in two comparison models (OR 3R vs. 2R =1.10, 95%CI 1.02-1.18, P = 0.015; OR Homozygote comparison model = 1.22 1.04-1.43, 95%CI 1.04-1.43, P = 0.012). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity further demonstrated a contribution in Caucasians with three comparison models (OR 3R vs. 2R = 1.10, 95%CI 1.02-1.19, P = 0.015; OR Homozygote comparison model = 1.21, 95%CI 1.03-1.41, P = 0.019; OR Recessive comparison model = 1.18, 95%CI 1.05-1.33, P = 0.008). However, the association in the Asian population was still uncertain due to the limited data (all P values were more than 0.05). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that the 3R variant of Thymidylate synthase 5'-untranslated enhanced region 2R/3R polymorphism contributes to gastric cancer risk in the Caucasian population, while any association in Asian populations needs further study.