• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.563-568
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• 2023

The government's strengthening of the standards for mentally ill patients and expanding the scope of examinations to the entire nation reflects the changing times. According to the OECD's announcement (2021), the incidence of depression and anxiety has more than doubled since the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic in countries around the world, with Korea's prevalence ranking first. However, only 12.1% of those who have been diagnosed with mental disorders received counseling and treatment from experts. The difference between depression and simple depression is significant depending on whether it is medically treated or temporary, but it can be seen that the continuation of depression is depression. In order to reduce this depression, Kandinsky's work was visualized and created. In a study conducted by changing the playback speed of the produced Kandinsky image, beta and gamma values, which showed the largest deviation when compared to depressive patients and normal people, increased significantly when viewed at 90fps, which was most effective in relieving depression. Artistic creations are bound to be accepted differently depending on the individual's perspective, but it is hoped that research that can improve the phenomenon of individuals suffering from depression by integrating artificial intelligence and traditional mental health approaches will be further developed and widely used for treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.649-656
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• 2020

Objective : Unclear mental state is one of the major factors contributing to diagnostic failure of occult skeletal trauma in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the overlooked co-occurring skeletal trauma through whole body bone scan (WBBS) in TBI. Methods : A retrospective study of 547 TBI patients admitted between 2015 and 2017 was performed to investigate their cooccurring skeletal injuries detected by WBBS. The patients were divided into three groups based on the timing of suspecting skeletal trauma confirmed : 1) before WBBS (pre-WBBS); 2) after the routine WBBS (post-WBBS) with good mental state and no initial musculoskeletal complaints; and 3) after the routine WBBS with poor mental state (poor MS). The skeletal trauma detected by WBBS was classified into six skeletal categories : spine, upper and lower extremities, pelvis, chest wall, and clavicles. The skeletal injuries identified by WBBS were confirmed to be simple contusion or fractures by other imaging modalities such as X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scans. Of the six categorizations of skeletal trauma detected as hot uptake lesions in WBBS, the lesions of spine, upper and lower extremities were further statistically analyzed to calculate the incidence rates of actual fractures (AF) and actual surgery (AS) cases over the total number of hot uptake lesions in WBBS. Results : Of 547 patients with TBI, 112 patients (20.4 %) were presented with TBI alone. Four hundred and thirty-five patients with TBI had co-occurring skeletal injuries confirmed by WBBS. The incidences were as follows : chest wall (27.4%), spine (22.9%), lower extremities (20.2%), upper extremities (13.5%), pelvis (9.4%), and clavicles (6.3%). It is notable that relatively larger number of positive hot uptakes were observed in the groups of post-WBBS and poor MS. The percentage of post-WBBS group over the total hot uptake lesions in upper and lower extremities, and spines were 51.0%, 43.8%, and 41.7%, respectively, while their percentages of AS were 2.73%, 1.1%, and 0%, respectively. The percentages of poor MS group in the upper and lower extremities, and spines were 10.4%, 17.4%, and 7.8%, respectively, while their percentages of AS were 26.7%, 14.2%, and 11.1%, respectively. There was a statistical difference in the percentage of AS between the groups of post-WBBS and poor MS (p=0.000). Conclusion : WBBS is a potential diagnostic tool in understanding the skeletal conditions of patients with head injuries which may be undetected during the initial assessment.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.419-439
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• 2022

This study is based on Freudenthal's mathmatising process and the didactical phenomenology of linear function concept, I have described and examined the process in which students represent the constant rate of change into tables, graphs and equations and, in this way, how they construct mental objects and essence of the linear function concept. The students used the proportionality as composite units, when they represented the phenomenon with constant rate of change into tables. When representing in graphs, all but one student represented it into a line. There were differences among the students in the level they were using the given conditions, co-variation perspective, and corresponding rules when formulating equations. The students compared the relationship between two variables in a multiplicative way, and under the guidance of teachers they reached to the understanding that its relationship becomes a constant. Moreover, they could construct mental objects of a constant rate of change, understanding the situation where the relationship between time difference and distance difference becomes one value, namely speed. The students had difficulties in connecting the rate of change with the inclination of a line. The students constructed the essence (concept) of linear functions, after building and organizing the image that the rate of change is constant, the graph is linear, and the equation is formulated as y=ax+b (a: inclination, b: intercept).

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.569-591
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the educational effects of the visualization of heat conduction using a thermal imaging camera on elementary school students through small group activities. It endeavors to explain the reason for why metal feels cold. The scholars conducted in-depth interviews before and after learning the unit "Temperature and Heat" for four students in fifth grade in Seoul. Recorded video and audio materials of the activities, their outputs, and journals of scholars were collected, reviewed, and analyzed. The result demonstrated that visualizing heat conduction using the thermal imaging camera aroused curiosity and provided an opportunity for sophisticated observation and integrated thinking. In addition, the visualization of the heat conduction phenomenon was used as the basis for interpretation and rebuttal for active communication during the small group activities of the students. Consequently, the students changed their non-scientific beliefs, refined their knowledge, and developed their mental models through a small group discussion based on a thermal image video.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.6
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• pp.119-139
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• 2004

The intention of the research is to look into the form reflecting the spiritual image due to Oriental aesthetic from a realistic point of view. In this regard, I will pay attention to examining the process from figurative perspectives, in which painting image by subject acquires the beauty of form. Of the main subjection this paper, figure is an image itself appearing in painting. At this point, I will attempt to show how the meaning and value of image have been interpreted and judged on the aesthetic standard in Oriental painting in particular. For this process, I generalize the conception of the image as 'figure' and through this I will reconsider the standard of understanding and the value of perception regarding painting images on the method which are more applicable to the expressions of Oriental painting. The reason why I try to find out the true nature of images in Oriental painting from a figurative viewpoint is to convert a conventional sense of value which recognizes the images of Oriental painting only as results of idealism, into more practical field. If the true nature of Oriental painting is fixed and restricted to natures of idealism, any productive development and any changes in form for future couldn't be expected at all. In fact, what the ideological and aesthetic values of art suggest is clearly a proof of real art form. However, it is not a hard thing to prospect that only a superficial idealism will be ceaselessly produced, while the practical study about aesthetic values, meaningful results of painting expressions, is totally ignored, if ideology itself is used as criteria to judge the identity of it or if only the idealistic aesthetic values are emphasized while any clue to show a real existence of oriental paintings is not certain. Actually, nobody can deny the fact that interests about real natures regarding art expressions have been relatively ignored while armed with mental ideology for esthetic view of oriental painting in traditionalism Therefore, it is clear that 'spiritual status' itself can generate any form. Traditionally, in the Orient, the standard of judging a real value of things, which put a focus on a spiritual view of value rather than on a materialistic view of it, has been vaguely positioned the identity of images in painting As a result, the aesthetic convention has finally committed to an error that for images of oriental painting, ideological criteria like so called spiritualism are applied as a judging way, and esthetic meanings and values of real painting are considered as strategic results and spiritual intentions.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.114-122
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• 2003

Acute transverse myelitis is a focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord, resulting in motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction which would be the initial manifestation of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. A 7-year-old boy developed weakness of lower extremities associated with dizziness and urinary dysfunction after upper respiratory infection. He showed gradual decreased mental status with respiratory difficulty. Spinal MRI showed diffuse spinal cord swelling from C3 to C7 levels with high signal intensity lesion on T2-weighted image, which is involved central gray matter of spinal cord from C3 to C7, proximal portion to cervicomedullary junction, and distal portion to the cornus medullaris. After the supplement of high dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy with ventilator care, he showed gradual improvement. The brain MRI after extubation showed multifocal high signal intensity lesions in bilateral cerebral white matter on axial T2-weighted image. Immunoserologic test(neutral antibody test) for enterovirus 71 was positive. Dysfunction of the bladder lasted for 33 days. We report a case of transverse myelitis which progressed to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis by enterovirus 71 in a 7-year-old boy with related literatures.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.177-188
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• 2007

This study is about the design of teaching assistant robots that helps elementary school teachers while giving lectures. It focuses on finding images which fits the role of teaching assistant robots, not merely suggesting several designs of robots that are just preferred by children. For this study, the qualities that satisfy the role of teaching assistant were studied by literature reviewing. These qualities were grouped and prioritized to arrange them as role images of teaching assistant robot, through questionnaire to teachers and student teachers. Using the role images and basic adjectives as standards, children performed the image mapping with the pictures of existing robots. This allowed us to find out how children accept the external features of each robot, and which external feature has to be used in order to reveal the role images. And taking form of workshop, children expressed their own images of a teaching assistant robot, a robot's height and location in classroom was surveyed. Based on these studies', three design guidelines of teaching assistant robot have been suggested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.26-33
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• 2014

From a film esthetic point of view, this paper deals with all the sound elements which are speech, noise, and music for the signification of sound in Hitchcock's . The speech makes a mental image auditory through voice-over, and sometimes it has the indiscernibleness of life and death to be incarnate. This paper has demonstrated that the noise also can mark punctuation-narrative boundary besides visual techniques pointed out by Metz, and it cites the sound of falling water which completes shower scene, offsetting a scream in audience's mind. In the music, desire and oppression are symbolized and they are making a dissonance. Upon occasion, the coexistence of two chords represents duplicity in Norman-mother. Also, the music may disappear in the way of silence, being mummified in the time paused. Thus, the common filmic signification of sounds in can be called reconceptualization of the image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.34
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• pp.91-107
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• 1997

For the purpose of this study is the re-searcher investigated the concept and background of kitsch and the character of Kitsch in the paintings with focus on the Surrealism and Pop Art. In this study it was focused that how the shapes and materials was expressed in the modern fashion. Surrealism in paintings is lead thoughts and art movement to humanism of be-having man and pursuit of mental sub-stance of human beings expressing un-conscious word and transforming image in new way by the methods Automatism and Depaysements. Pop Art in paintings is used to objects common and cheap in the popular con-sumer's society. That is to say Pop Art sublimated con-sumptional culture of mass as art. And this phenomenon is appeared in the modern fashion which have influencedon the shapes and materials in design. Kitsch's character was researched in terms of shapes materials in the modern fashion with focus on the Surrealism and Pop Art and their aspect are summarized as follows: 1. In he aspect of shapes it appears that the shapes in the modern fashion is that of play through the method distor-tion or modification of dress. It was un-derstood that the cause of the dreaming and fantasy in the childhood. In the aspect of materials it apepears that the materials in the modern fashion is that of exagerated-decoration through using of object which is various asses-sories flower doll etc. 2. In the aspect of shapes it appears that the shapes in the modern fashion is that of disharmoney disorder and unsuit-ableness. The major cause of that is be-cause of Antistandard fashion I the aspect of materials it appears that the materials in the modern fashion is that of sarcasm pleasantness. It was reviwed that the major cause of the wit or humor comes from the image of the masses makes use of such as plastic fun-ny picture can coin etc.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2012

Nowadays, plastic surgical operations are increasingly being performed in Korea. We have gained added interest in this because some professional pictures contain plastic surgery in their venue. In the films, we intend to see the recognition of society for plastic surgeons and which field of plastic surgery. The list of movies for analysis were 'Plastic Beauty (1975)', 'Penthouse Elephant (2005)', '200 Pounds Beauty (2006)', 'Cinderella (2006)', and 'Time (2006)'. The TV dramas were 'She is looking (2005)', 'Lovers (2006-2007)', and 'Before & After Plastic Surgery Clinic (2008)'. Films were analyzed according to the following: the chief complaints and names of the operations, character of plastic surgeons, result of the operation and its possibility in reality, and its effect of plastic surgery on the life of the patients. Most of the film contained facial transplantation or the change of the face or body different from the original shape. Character type of the plastic surgeons was mostly medical realism, rather than ideal humanism. Most of the plastic surgeons have capability as a doctor; however, some of them had extramarital affairs. The surgery was successful in most of the cases, but were the patients happy with the results? This was not the case in the movies. In only one movie, '200 Pounds Beauty', the patient became happy; rest of them were eminently unhappy with the outcome. Why the discrepancy? It is difficult to analyze the minds of the people in the films, but considering that the majority of the characters in the films were rather unsavory, one may deduce that a crooked mind functions differently. Perhaps it is too much to hope for a day that will come when we will see a film that portrays the mental anguish that accompanies each and every procedure the Korean plastic surgeons make.