• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.545-559
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• 2006

The function of product design has been an important part for success on new product development We deeply studied 'Chocolate-Phone' case which is considered as a representative of adopting design-oriented new product development strategy. According to this study, we found three contextual factors and nine key success factors for design-oriented new product development. The contextual factors consist of the strong needs for innovative product development, customer's needs for the emotional value, competitive situation for the new product launching. The key success factors consist of design, development marketing, overall sides. The key success factors of design side are to select talented designers and take an insight for market and communication skill. The key success factors of development side are to possess high technological abilities, to do divergence with removing or giving up some function management's strong support. The key success factors of marketing side are to bring core marketers from outside, capacity to gather ideas from outside. The key success factors of overall side are to share design-oriented principle with other parts and to change member's mind from engineer-oriented to market-oriented.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.473-478
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• 2015

The NEK6 (NIMA-related kinases 6) is reported to play po-tential roles in tumorigenesis. Although it is suggested to function in several cellular pathways, the underlying mechanism in tumorigenesis is still largely unknown. In the present study, we discovered interaction of NEK6 with Smad4, a key member of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway. Over-expression of NEK6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines suppresses TGFβ-mediated transcription activity in a kinase activity-dependent manner. In addition, NEK6 suppresses the cell growth arrest induced by TGFβ. Mechanically, NEK6 blocks nuclear translocation of Smad4, which is essential for TGFβ function. Moreover, we identified that NEK6 could be regulated by TGFβ and hypoxia. Our study sheds new light on the roles of NEK6 in canonical TGFβ/Smad pathway and tum-origenesis. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(8): 473-478]

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Fractures and wrinkles are two major defects frequently found in the sheet metal forming process. The process has several noise factors that cannot be ignored when determining the optimal process conditions. Therefore, without any countermeasures against noise, attempts to reduce defects through optimal design methods have often led to failure. In this study, a new and robust design methodology that can reduce the possibility of formation of fractures and wrinkles is presented using decision-making theory. A two-attribute value function is presented to form the design metric for the sheet metal forming process. A modified complex method is adopted to isolate the optimal robust design variables. One of the major limitations of the traditional robust design methodology, which is based on an orthogonal array experiment, is that the values of the optimal design variables have to coincide with one of the experimental levels. As this restriction is eliminated in the complex method, a better solution can be expected. The procedure of the proposed method is illustrated through a robust design of the sheet metal forming process of a side member of an automobile body.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.767-776
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• 2019

In this article, a simple and robust multi-objective assessment method to control design angles and node positions connected among steel outrigger truss members is proposed to approve both structural safety and economical cost. For given outrigger member layouts, the present method utilizes general-purpose prototypes of outrigger members, having resistance to withstand lateral load effects directly applied to tall buildings, which conform to variable connecting node and design space deposition. Outrigger layouts are set into several initial design conditions of height to width of an arbitrary given design space, i.e., variable design space. And then they are assessed in terms of a proposed multi-objective function optimizing both minimal total displacement and material quantity subjected to design impact factor indicating the importance of objectives. To evaluate the proposed multi-objective function, an analysis model uses a modified Maxwell-Mohr method, and an optimization model is defined by a ground structure assuming arbitrary discrete straight members. It provides a new robust assessment model from a local design point of view, as it may produce specific optimal prototypes of outrigger layouts corresponding to arbitrary height and width ratio of design space. Numerical examples verify the validity and robustness of the present assessment method for controlling prototypes of outrigger truss members considering a multi-objective optimization achieving structural safety and material cost.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2016

This paper estimated the demand function of the cuts of pork by using the consumer panel and the weather data from the Korea Meteorological Administration with a log-log model and AIDS model. The results show that the price elasticity of demand for cuts of pork is high in the sequence of arm shoulder, leg, special cuts, tenderloin, blade shoulder. In contrast, spare rib, belly and loin are classified as low price elasticity of demand. The income elasticities of demand for leg and blade shoulder are 11% and 7.6% respectively. The loin is classified as inferior goods, because demand decreases when income increases. The results also demonstrate show that the demand increases highly in the sequence of loin, arm shoulder, spare rib, belly if housewife is older, and the demand of belly increases when family number increases. Belly substitutes every cut except spare rib, and tenderloin substitutes special cuts. Spare rib, on the other hand, does not substitute other cuts. In addition, job status, family member, husband job, purchasing place, consumer characteristic, eating-out times, purchasing time, and weather are statistically significant.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.707-716
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• 2006

The optimization of the direct design system of semi-rigid steel frames using advanced analysis and genetic algorithm was presented. Advanced analysis can predict the combined nonlinear effects of connection, geometry, and material on the behavior and strength of semi-rigid frames. Geometric nonlinearity was determined using stability functions. On the other hand, material nonlinearity was determined using the Column Research Council (CRC) tangent modulus and parabolic function. The Kishi-Chen power model was used to describe the nonlinear behavior of semi-rigid connections. The genetic algorithm was used as the optimization technique. The objective function was assumed as the weight of the steel frame, with the constraint functions accounting for load-carrying capacities, deflections, inter-story drifts and ductility requirement. Member sizes determined by the proposed method were compared with those derived using the conventional method.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.9 no.3 s.32
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• pp.457-465
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• 1997

The Shape optimization makes it possible to reduce the weight of structure and cost then member sizing optimization. A vast amount of imprecise information is existed in constraints of the optimum design. It is very difficult and sometimes confusing to describe and to deal with the several criteria which contain fuzzy degrees of relatives importance. This paper proposed weighting strategies in the multiobjective shape optimization of fuzzy structural system by ${\alpha}$-cut approach. The algorithm in this research is numerically tested for 2-bar truss structure. The result show that. the user can choose the one optimum solution in practices as obtaining the optimum solutions according to the ${\alpha}$-cut approach, weight of volume and displacement.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.61.3-61.3
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• 2018

To understand the assembly of the galaxy population in clusters today, it is important to first understand the impact of previous environments prior to cluster infall, namely preprocessing. We use 15 cluster samples from hydrodynamic zoom-in simulation YZiCS to determine the significance of preprocessing focusing primarily on the tidal mass loss of dark matter halos. We find ~48% of the cluster member halos were once satellites of another host. The preprocessed fraction is not a clear function of cluster mass. Instead, we find it is related to each individual cluster's recent mass growth history. We find that the total mass loss is a clear function of time spent in a host. However, two factors can considerably increase the mass loss rate. First, if the satellite mass is approaching the mass of its host. Second, when the halo suffers tidal mass loss at a higher redshift. The preprocessing provides an opportunity for halos to experience tidal mass loss for a more extended period of time than would be possible if they simply fell directly into the cluster, and at earlier epochs when hosts were more destructive to their satellites.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.617-624
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• 2017

In this study, a new empirical method is presented to obtain Dynamic Increase Factor (DIF) in nonlinear static analysis of structures against sudden removal of a gravity load-bearing element. In this method, DIF is defined as a function of minimum ratio of difference between maximum moment capacity ($M_u$) and moment demand ($M_d$) to plastic moment capacity ($M_p$) under unamplified gravity loads of elements. This function determines the residual strength of a damaged building before amplified gravity loads. For each column removal location, a nonlinear dynamic analysis and a step-by-step nonlinear static analysis are carried out and the modified empirical DIF formulas are derived, which correspond to the ratio min $[(M_u-M_d)/M_p]$ of beams in the bays immediately adjacent to the removed column, and at all floors above it. Therefore, the new DIF can be used with nonlinear static analysis instead of nonlinear dynamic analysis to assess the progressive collapse potential of a moment frame structure. The proposed DIF formulas can estimate the real residual strength of a structure based on critical member.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.415-422
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• 2001

Many secreted proteins have disulfide bonds that are important for their structure and function. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI, EC 5.3.1.4.), an enzyme that catalyzes the formation and rearrangement of thiol/disulfide exchange reactions, is a resident of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The subcellular localization and its function as catalyst of disulfide bond formation in the biosynthesis of secretory and cell membrane proteins suggest that PDI plays a key role in the secretory pathway. We have isolated a cDNA encoding protein disulfide isomerase from Bombyx mori(bPDI). It has been characterized under ER stress conditions (dominantly induced by calcium ionophore A23187, tunicamycin and DTT), which is known to cause an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. Furthermore, It has also been examined for tissue distribution(pronounced at the fat body), hormonal regulation (juvenile hormone, insulin and juvenile +transferrin; however, it is not effected by transferrin alone), and the effect of exogenous bacteria (peak at 16 h after infection) on the bPDI mRNA expression. The results suggest that bPDI is a member of the ER stress protein group, and it may play an important role in exogenous bacterial infection in fat body, and that homones regulate its expression.