• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.4187-4190
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• 2012

Aims and Background: To evaluate the efficacy of a combination of aprepitant and conventional antiemetic therapy in patients with advanced or recurrent lung cancer receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC). Methods: Patients with advanced or recurrent lung cancer who were treated with MEC regimens at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, were included and classified into the following groups: control group (treatment: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists + dexamethasone) and aprepitant group (treatment: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists + dexamethasone + aprepitant). The presence or absence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) was evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.0; patients with grade 1 or above were considered positive for CINV. Food intake per day, completion of planned chemotherapy, and progression-free survival (PFS) achieved by chemotherapy were investigated. Results: The complete suppression rate of nausea in the aprepitant group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p = 0.0043). Throughout the study, the food intake in the aprepitant group was greater than that in the control group, with the rate being significantly higher, in particular, on day 5 (p = 0.003). The completion rate of planned chemotherapy was also higher in the aprepitant group (p = 0.042). PFS did not differ significantly, but tended to be improved in the aprepitant group. Conclusions: The aprepitant group showed significantly higher complete suppression of nausea, food intake on day 5, and completion of planned chemotherapy than the control group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.227-237
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• 2020

This study was designed to examine whether the self-directed learning method could improve self-directed learning readiness and the effects of academic achievement level. Self-directed learning readiness was investigated among 63 first-year Medical Terminology undergraduates in the C area. A repeat measurement variance analysis of the general linear model was conducted to evaluate the effects of improving self-directed learning readiness according to the general characteristics and level of academic achievement, while a regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting self-directed learning readiness. Self-directed learning readiness increased from 177.3 to 180.8 for those under 18 years of age, and 192.9 to 196.5 for those over 19 years of age (p<0.05). After the team activity, the overall self-directed learning readiness was improved, and both high- and low-achieving groups showed statistically significant improvements (p<0.05). The environment surrounding learners was confirmed to have a positive effect on improving self-directed learning when given the right degree of self-directed learning and appropriate feedback. The study results are expected to form basic foundation material for professors and class designers who want to draw self-directed learning skills from memorizing subjects.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.333-350
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to research learning based on brain science and the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age. Through this, the study aimed to provide a guideline to related Korean Medicine treatments as well as the common nurturing/educational institutions. Methods: All journals and dissertations on brain science based learning methods studied in Korea to date that could be found in the National Assembly Library and the RISS were implemented in the analysis. The terminology used for search was as follows: 1st search, 'Brain'; 2nd search, 'Learning', 'Education'; 3rd search, 'Baby, 'Infant', 'Child'. For the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age, the related contents were extracted from Donguibogam and Liuyi, Sasang constitutional medicine. Results: A total of 30 studies, were collected as data. In the baby stage, the development and myelination of brain neurons are accelerated by experience and learning, highly influenced by social, cognitive and emotional movement. In infancy, the frontal lobe actively develops, so education for development of the prefrontal cortex is suggested. The brain of the infant at this stage can be developed by arts and physical education. In the child stage, the parietal and temporal lobe develop actively. Thus, programs to stimulate brain activity including brain respiration would be helpful in enhancing learning ability, concentration, etc. As evidence for learning and nurturing methodology according to disparity of age from Korean Medicine prospective, the following are listed: Location and time for sexual intercourse before pregnancy, stabilization during pregnancy, baby nurturing methods for nurturing from Donguibogam. Also Liuyi and Sasanag constitutional medicine can be the learning methodology according to disparity of age. And there are acupuncture points on each head section according to age in Donguibogam. Conclusions: Studies on 'brain-science based learning' are continuously being conducted. Based on these studies, diverse new brain-science based learning will be developed in the future. There is also a need to develop the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age in a more systematic and diverse way.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.92-104
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze online news articles to identify social issues related to patient safety and compare the changes in these issues before and after the implementation of the Patient Safety Act. This study performed text mining through the R program, wherein 7,600 online news articles were collected from January 1, 2010, to March 5, 2020, and examined using keyword analysis, topic modeling, and word co-occurrence network analysis. A total of 2,609 keywords were categorized into 8 topics: "medical practice", "medical personnel", "infection and facilities", "comprehensive nursing service", "medicine and medical supplies", "system development and establishment for improvement", "Patient Safety Act" and "healthcare accreditation". The study revealed that keywords such as "patient safety awareness", "infection control" and "healthcare accreditation" appeared before the implementation of the Patient Safety Act. Meanwhile, keywords such as "patient safety culture". and "administration and injection" appeared after the act's implementation with improved ranking of importance pertaining to nursing-related terminology. Interest in patient safety has increased in the medical community as well as among the public. In particular, nursing plays an important role in improving patient safety. Therefore, the recognition of patient safety as a core competency of nursing and the persistent education of the public are vital and inevitable.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2703-2706
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to determine the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based chemotherapy in treating patients with metastatic gastric cancer who failed to respond to first and (or) second line chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Metastatic gastric cancer patients who failed first and (or) second line chemotherapy, were enrolled. All patients were recruited from Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Research Institute, and were treated with pemetrexed $500mg/m2$ (intravenous; on day 1), and a platinum (or irinotecan) every 3 weeks until disease progression, or intolerable toxicity. Evaluation on efficacy was conducted after two cycles of chemotherapy using the Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors. Toxicity was recorded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. Results: From Jun 2011 to May 2013, 23 patients were enrolled. All eligible 23 patients completed at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy with pemetrexed based chemotherapy, and were evaluable. Their median age was 55 years (range 40 to 78 years). Seventeen patients were male and 6 female. Three patients (13%) achieved partial response, five patients (22%) stable, 15 patients (65%) with disease progression, and none with complete response. Grade 2 neutrophil suppression occurred in 4.3%, grade 3 in 13% of patients, and no grade 4 was reported. Thrombocytopenia was encountered as follows: 4.3% grade 2, 4.3% grade 3 and 4.3% grade 4. Incidence of anemia was 34.8% in grade 2, 8.7% grade 3 and 0% grade 4. Only 4.3% of patients required packed red blood cell infusion. Elevated transaminase were 4.3% in grade 2 and 0% in grade 3 or 4. Other toxicity included oral mucositis. Conclusions: Pemetrexed based chemotherapy is mildly effective in treating patients with metastatic gastric cancer with tolerable toxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2011

Various standard terminologies in medical field are composed individually to different structure. Therefore, information on crosswalking between the terminologies is needed to combine and use the terminologies. Lots of mapping tools have been developed and used to create the information. However, since those tools deal with specific terminologies, the information is restrictly created. To overcome this problem, some tools have been developed, which perform mapping tasks by composing various terminologies. However, the tools also have difficulty of composing automatically the terminologies because the terminologies have different structures. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method for composing and using the terminologies in the developed mapping system with keeping the original structure of the terminologies. In the proposed method, additional terminologies could be added on the mapping system and used by making metadata involving information on location and structure of the terminologies. And the mapping system could cope flexibly with the changes of the structure or context of the terminologies. Moreover, various types of mapping information could be defined and created in the system because mapping data are constructed as triplets in ontology. Therefore, the mapping data can be transformed and distributed in different formats such as OWL, RDF, and Excel. Finally, we confirmed the usefulness of the mapping system based on the proposed method through the experiments about creating mapping data.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.485-497
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to systematically investigate herbal-drug-associated adverse drug reactions (herbal ADRs) reports submitted by a single oriental hospital and to analyze the general characteristics, causative agents, clinical manifestations, severity and types of herbal medicines which caused herbal ADRs. Methods : This study proceeded with IRB approval. The data on herbal ADR were collected prospectively from January 2008 to February 2012 by EMR of Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Hospital. The World Health Organization (WHO)-Uppsala Monitoring Center (UMC) criteria was used to determinate causality for each herbal ADR. WHO-Adverse Reaction Terminology (WHO-ART) System Organ Class (SOC) code and WHO severity category were also used in this study. Results : A total of twenty eight cases were reported. Twenty two cases were assessed to have over possible relations with herbal medication. The gender ratio of these cases were 64.6 percent female and 36.4 percent male, demonstrating no statistical significance. Patients aged over 60 were 59.1%. Gastro-intestinal system was reported to be the most frequently affected organ (38.8%), and followed by psychiatric system (22.4%), and integumentary system (22.4%). The most common clinical symptom was headache (12.2%), followed by diarrhea (10.2%), and pruritus (10.2%). The severity of most cases was assessed to be mild (89.8%). The percentage of moderate ones was 10.2%, and there were no severe cases. Conclusions : Progressive study and further analysis on herbal ADRs are warranted for safety in the clinical use of herbal medicines.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.13-26
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• 2003

Background and Objectives: Bee venom therapy is a new acupuncture theraphy using both acupuncture effect and a medical effect that the biochemical peculiar material affects body. The bee venom theraphy is efficacious of injecting region of disease and acupoint with extracting bee venom from bee and processing it. There have been more than 20 dissertations in Korea about bee venom and the bee venom research has actively been carrying done in other countries such as US, China, Russia, Northern Europe since 1980s. This paper is to understand the trend of arthritis and bee venom, and will be contributed to further bee venom study by analyzing local and international theses. Material and Method: This paper is reported by analyzing the dissertations regarding arthritis and bee venom of Korea and other countries and referencing PubMed. The reference terminology is as follows. bee venom, bee venom therapy, apitoxin, apitherapy, bee sting, bee sing therapy, arthritis, rheumatoid, rheumatic arthritis and so on. Results and Conclusions: The following result have been obtained. 1. Bee venom has an effect on both in vivio and in vitro of arthritisthis with suppressing inflammation, fever and pain. 2. Occasionally bee venom may induce either pain or inflammation. 3. Bee venom induces acute pain in healthy condition, while it suppresses inflammation and pain in regional inflammation state. 4. Bee venom may either induce or suppress pain and inflammation according to the used dosage.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2009

During carcinogenesis, precancers (premalignant lesions) are the morphologically identifiable lesions that precede invasive cancers. In theory, the successful treatment of precancers would result in the eradication of most human cancers. Despite the importance of these lesions, there has been no effort to list and classify all of the precancers. In 2001, the NCI sponsored a workshop on the classification of precancers. When considering all the possible classes of precancers, it is worth noting that not all precancers are neoplastic. In fact, precancers need not progress to cancer, and precancerous lesions often have a high rate of regression. Thus, the following five classes were adopted: 1) acquired microscopic precancers; 2) acquired large lesions with microscopic atypia; 3) Precursor lesions occurring with inherited hyperplastic syndromes that progress to cancer; 4) acquired diffuse hyperplasias and diffuse metaplasias; and 5) currently unclassified entities. In this review paper, precancerous lesions of the stomach are classified and their clinical significance is described.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.540-552
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• 2013

This study focuses on discussing several issues that we encounter when we 'modernize' the fundamental theories of Korean Medicine(KM): It is pertinent to set the boundaries of the "fundamental theories" of the KM. The boundaries can be set based on: a) setting the medicine and the philosophy of medicine apart and b) re-evaluating the traditional theories of KM based on the needs of the modern practitioners of KM. The fundamental theories of KM should focus on how effectively they can observe, explain, and predict the clinical cases. The clinical cases and observations should not be distorted in order to satisfy the theory. "The modernization of KM" can be defined as the change in traditional medicine to fit the needs of the contemporary world, while not losing the focus and the nature of the KM. The fundamental theories of KM will play a key role in modernizing the KM, as the focus and the inherent nature of the KM comes from these fundamental theories. The modernization of the fundamental theories of KM will be crucial to both possible models of future healthcare system-the plural healthcare system, or the western medicine-centric integrated healthcare system. The modernization will also help in advancing the future medical studies. The key to modernization of the fundamental theories of the KM is in translating the key terms of KM in modern light. As a solution, this study suggests paying attention to the 'scientific metaphors', and especially to the 'theory-constitute metaphors' among those. More in-depth studies need to be done on these.