Classification and Clinical Implications of Precancerous Lesions in the Stomach

위에서 전암병변의 분류와 임상적 의의

  • Kim, Kyoung-Mee (Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 김경미 (성균관대학교 의과대학 삼성서울병원 병리학교실)
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

During carcinogenesis, precancers (premalignant lesions) are the morphologically identifiable lesions that precede invasive cancers. In theory, the successful treatment of precancers would result in the eradication of most human cancers. Despite the importance of these lesions, there has been no effort to list and classify all of the precancers. In 2001, the NCI sponsored a workshop on the classification of precancers. When considering all the possible classes of precancers, it is worth noting that not all precancers are neoplastic. In fact, precancers need not progress to cancer, and precancerous lesions often have a high rate of regression. Thus, the following five classes were adopted: 1) acquired microscopic precancers; 2) acquired large lesions with microscopic atypia; 3) Precursor lesions occurring with inherited hyperplastic syndromes that progress to cancer; 4) acquired diffuse hyperplasias and diffuse metaplasias; and 5) currently unclassified entities. In this review paper, precancerous lesions of the stomach are classified and their clinical significance is described.

암종화 과정 중 침윤성 암종의 발생에 선행하는, 형태학적으로 인지되는 병변이 전암병변이다. 그러나 전암병변의 임상적인 중요성에도 불구하고 전암병변에 대한 목록이나 분류에 대한 노력은 거의 전무한 실정이었다. 2001년 미국암연구소 주최 전암병변의 분류에 대한 모임에서는 전암 병변이나 비침윤성 병변에 대한 통일된 전문용어가 없음을 결론짓고 모든 주요 장기에서 전암병변의 용어와 진단 기준에 대한 협약을 할 것을 권고하였다. 이 모임에서 결정된 바에 의하면 모든 전암병변이 종양으로 진행되는 것은 아니라는 것이다. 그리고 한편으로는 종양으로서의 특성이 명확히 밝혀지지는 않았으나 암과 밀접하게 연관이 있는 것으로 밝혀진 미만성의 증식성 병변도 전암병변으로 분류하였다. 본 종설은 이러한 전암병변의 정의 및 분류 체계에 맞추어 인체의 주요 장기인 위에서의 전암병변을 분류하고 그 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 한다.

Keywords

References

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