• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2016

In accordance with global energy conservation policies such as MEPS(Minimum Energy Performance Standard), electric motor industry is moving to super-high-efficiency machines and research to develop IE4 (International Energy Efficiency Class4) motors has been launched. In this situation, SynRM (Synchronous Reluctance Motor) has been attracting attention in place of induction motor which hardly provides super premium efficiency. As a result, much research on SynRM is being performed at home and abroad. Also, some products have already been appearing in the market. Compared to induction motor, SynRM has better efficiency per unit area and wider operating range. Although the utilization of control system in synchronous motor results in higher prices, we still need to concentrate on developments of SynRM so as to comply with the new policies. This study demonstrated the electromagnetic design methods of super-premium SynRM while maintaining the frame of existing IE3 induction motor for blower. We documented the design procedures for generating high saliency which is the most essential and mechanical stress analysis is also treated. In conclusion, we proved the validity of our design by manufacturing and testing our SynRM models.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.209.2-209.2
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• 2012

UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger telescope (UBAT) is one of major instruments of UFFO-Pathfinder. The UBAT aims at 10 arcmin resolution localization of Gamma Ray Bursts with X-ray coded mask technique. It has $400mm{\times}400mm$ coded mask aperture, hopper, shielding and detector module with effective area of $191cm^2$. The detector module consists of an assembly of 36 64-ch MAPMTs and $25mm{\times}25mm$ pixellated YSO crystal array, and associated analog and digital electronics of about 2500 channels. We performed a vibration test using a dummy MAPMT with the detector module structure to measure the indused stress applied onto the MAPMT. We designed a sub-structure on the detector module to avoid the resonance that would otherwise deforms the detector module structure. A finite element analysis confirms the reduction of the load acceleration down to 12g. The experimental results are to be reported. Consequently, it proves that the MAPMT arrays of the flight UBAT detector module structure would survive in the space launch environment.

• 폴리머
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 비스페놀계 2관능성 에폭시 수지 DGEBA/DGEBS 블렌드 시스템의 경화거동, 열안정성, 그리고 파괴인성 특성을 고찰하였다. DGEBA/DGEBS 블렌드 시스템의 함량비율을 100 : 0, 90 : 10, 80 : 20, 70 : 30, 그리고 60 : 40 wt%까지 변화시켰으며, DSC에 의한 열분석을 통하여 Ozawa식으로 경화 활성화 에너지 ($E_a$)를 계산하였으며, TGA 열분석을 사용하여 열분해 개시 온도(IDT), 최대 무게 감량시 온도($T_{max}$), 그리고 적분 열분해 진행 온도(IPDT) 등 열안정성 인자를 고찰하였다. 경화된 시편의 파괴인성 특성은 크랙성장 저항을 나타내는 임계응력세기 인자 ($K_{IC}$) 실험을 통하여 알아보았으며, 주사전자현미경 (SEM)을 사용하여 시편의 파단 특성을 조사하였다. 실험 결과 DGEBA/DGEBS 블렌드 시스템의 $E_a$, IPDT, 그리고 $K_{IC}$는 DGEBS 함량이 20 wt%인 경우 최대값을 나타내었는데, 이는 설폰기의 도입으로인한 치밀한 네트워크 구조의 형성때문이라 사료된다.

• 폴리머
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.599-606
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 DDS로 경화된 4관능성 에폭시 (TGDDM)/폴리아마이드이미드 (PAI) 블렌드의 PAI 함량에 따른 블렌드계의 열적, 기계적 및 형태학적 특성에 대해 연구하였다 경화된 시편의 경화거동과 열안정성은 DSC와 TGA로 각각 조사하였다. 또한 $K_{IC}$ 는 UTM을 사용하여 측정하였으며, TGDDM/PAI 블렌드의 상거동과 최종 모폴로지는 SEM을 사용하여 관찰하였다. 그 결과 PAI 함량이 증가할수록 경화온도와 경화활성화 에너지는 감소하였다 경화온도와 경화활성화 에너지의 감소는 PAI 주쇄의 2차 아민이 co-initiator로서 사용되었기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 분해활성화 에너지와 $K_{IC}$ 값은 각각 PAI 함량 5, 10 phr까지 증가하다 그 이상치 한량에서는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과들은 에테르화에 의한 사슬절단 반응에 기초하여 설명되었다. 그리고 SEM에 의한 모폴로지 관찰로부터 블렌드계의 co-continuous 구조가 확인되었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.389-394
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• 2019

In the present study, we have investigated the effect of sintering process conditions on the stability of the austenite phase in the nanocrystalline Fe-5wt.%Mn-0.2wt.%C alloy. The stability and volume fraction of the austenite phase are the key factors that determine the mechanical properties of FeMnC alloys, because strain-induced austenite-martensite transformation occurs under the application of an external stress at room temperature. Nanocrystalline Fe-5wt.%Mn-0.2wt.%C samples are fabricated using the spark plasma sintering method. The stability of the austenite phase in the sintered samples is evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis and hardness test. The volume fraction of austenite at room temperature increases as the sample is held for 10 min at the sintering temperature, because of carbon diffusion in austenite. Moreover, water quenching effectively prevents the formation of cementite during cooling, resulting in a higher volume fraction of austenite. Furthermore, it is found that the hardness is influenced by both the austenite carbon content and volume fraction.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2019

OCT4, also known as POU5F1 (POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1), is a transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells and is one of the reprogramming factors required for generating induced pluripotent stem cells. The human OCT4 encodes three isoforms, OCT4A, OCT4B, and OCT4B1, which are generated by alternative splicing. Currently, the functions and expression patterns of OCT4B remain largely unknown in malignancies, especially in human glioblastomas. Here, we demonstrated the function of OCT4B in human glioblastomas. Among the isoform of OCT4B, OCT4B-190 ($OCT4B^{19kDa}$) was highly expressed in human glioblastoma stem cells and glioblastoma cells and was mainly detected in the cytoplasm rather than the nucleus. Overexpression of $OCT4B^{19kDa}$ promoted colony formation of glioblastoma cells when grown in soft agar culture conditions. Clinical data analysis revealed that patients with gliomas that expressed OCT4B at high levels had a poorer prognosis than patients with gliomas that expressed OCT4B at low levels. Thus, $OCT4B^{19kDa}$ may play a crucial role in regulating cancer cell survival and adaption in a rigid environment.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2019

본 연구는 사질토 지반에서 수행되는 콘관입시험의 수치적 모사에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 지반은 한계상태 토질역학을 바탕으로 수정된 한계상태 Mohr Coulomb 소성 모델로 모사하였다. 한계상태 Mohr Coulomb 모델에서 팽창각은 상수가 아닌 현재상태와 한계상태 사이의 위상차의 함수로 표현된다. 수치적으로 콘관입시험은 대변위 해석을 요구하며, 이를 Lagrangian 유한요소법으로 해석하기 위해 관입 유도체 개념을 적용한 축대칭 조건 유한요소법을 이용하였다. 캘리브레이션 챔버에서 수행된 콘관입시험을 한계상태 Mohr Coulomb 모델을 이용하여 본 논문에서 제안된 유한 해석 기법을 적용한 결과, 실험 결과와 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1440-1463
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• 2018

The Wagner coefficient is a key parameter used to describe the inelastic lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) behaviour of the I-beam, since even for a doubly-symmetric I-section with residual stress, it becomes a monosymmetric I-section due to the characteristics of the non-symmetrical distribution of plastic regions. However, so far no theoretical derivation on the energy equation and Wagner's coefficient have been presented due to the limitation of Vlasov's buckling theory. In order to simplify the nonlinear analysis and calculation, this paper presents a simplified mechanical model and an analytical solution for doubly-symmetric I-beams under pure bending, in which residual stresses and yielding are taken into account. According to the plate-beam theory proposed by the lead author, the energy equation for the inelastic LTB of an I-beam is derived in detail, using only the Euler-Bernoulli beam model and the Kirchhoff-plate model. In this derivation, the concept of the instantaneous shear centre is used and its position can be determined naturally by the condition that the coefficient of the cross-term in the strain energy should be zero; formulae for both the critical moment and the corresponding critical beam length are proposed based upon the analytical buckling equation. An analytical formula of the Wagner coefficient is obtained and the validity of Wagner hypothesis is reconfirmed. Finally, the accuracy of the analytical solution is verified by a FEM solution based upon a bi-modulus model of I-beams. It is found that the critical moments given by the analytical solution almost is identical to those given by Trahair's formulae, and hence the analytical solution can be used as a benchmark to verify the results obtained by other numerical algorithms for inelastic LTB behaviour.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.873-882
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• 2012

Dual Phase (DP) steel which has a soft ferrite phase and a hard martensite phase reveals both high strength and high ductility and has received increased attention for use in automotive applications. To conduct structural analysis to verify vehicle safety, highly credible experimental results are required. In this study, tensile tests were performed in a strain rate range from $10^{-4}/s$ to 300/s for Sink Roll-Less (SRL) hot-dip metal coated sheets. Collision properties were estimated through simulation by LS-DYNA using the stress-strain curve obtained from the tensile test. The simulation results were compared with the actual crash test results to confirm the credibility of the simulation. In addition, a tensile test and a crash test with 2% prestrain and a baking (PB) specimen were evaluated identically because automotive steel is used after forming and painting. The mechanical behaviors were improved with an increasing strain rate regardless of the PB treatment. Thus, plastic deformation with an appropriate strain rate is expected to result in better formability and crash characteristics than plastic deformation with a static strain rate. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and absorbed energy up to 10% strain were improved even though the total elongation decreased after PB treatment, The results of the experimental crash test and computer simulation were slightly different but generally, a similar propensity was seen.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.445-455
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• 2022

Steel anchor bolts are installed in concrete using a variety of methods. One of the most common methods of anchor bolt installation is using epoxy resin as an infill material injected into the drilled hole to act as a bonding material between the steel bolt and the surrounding concrete. Typical design standards assume uniform stress distribution along the length of the anchor bolt accompanied with single crack leading to pull-out failure. Experimental evidence has shown that the steel anchor bolts fail owing to the multiple failure patterns, hence these design assumptions are not realistic. In this regard, the presented research work details the analytical model that takes into consideration multiple micro cracks in the infill material induced via impact loading. The impact loading from the Schmidt hammer is used to evaluate the bond condition bond condition of anchor bolt and the epoxy material. The added advantage of the presented analytical model is that it is able to take into account the various type of end conditions of the anchor bolts such as bent or U-shaped anchors. Through sensitivity analysis the optimum stiffness and shear strength properties of the epoxy infill material is achieved, which have shown to achieve lower displacement coupled with reduced damage to the surrounding concrete. The accuracy of the presented model is confirmed by comparing the simulated deformational responses with the experimental evidence. From the comparison it was found that the model was successful in simulating the experimental results. The proposed model can be adopted by professionals interested in predicting and controlling the deformational response of anchor bolts.